2,147 research outputs found
Possible energy uses of olive mill residues: a technical and economical comparison
No full textThis paper focuses on the opportunities and challenges deriving from an energy use of olive pomace. The technical feasibility and the economical profitability of different plant solutions are investigated. To a methodological contribution, related to the description and modelling of the proposed conversion processes, some case-studies are joined, calibrated on the Tuscan olive sector
Analysis of spatio-temporal Bactrocera oleae (Diptera, Tephritidae) infestation distributions obtained from a large-scale monitoring network and its importance to IPM
No full textBactrocera oleae is the key-pest considered in the “Olive-oil quality improvement project”
in Tuscany (Italy). In this region, a network of 286 representative farms has been created in 2002 for
monitoring weekly olive fruit-fly infestations, and the obtained data have been used in advising
farmers on B. oleae control. The field observations were made by the regional extension service, and
data have been collected from an internet-based monitoring network implemented in the Landscape
Entomology Laboratory (LELab) of Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna. In this paper, we rely on the
Geographic Positioning System (GPS) to locate the monitoring farms and make use of farm-specific
information to analyze the regional spatial pattern of B. oleae infestions. Data analysis has been
performed with Arcview 8.2, and we used variograms to model autocorrelations between sample
points and cross-validation to identify the most reliable index. We consider the utility of Geographic
Information System for spatial analysis at the landscape (or large) scale and kriging technique to
interpolate between sample points. The resultant map can be used to predict the beginning of B. oleae
infestations
Utilizzo di geostatistica e GIS nell’analisi dei dati provenienti delle reti di monitoraggio della mosca delle olive in Toscana e Lazio
No full textReport finale di Progetto “Sviluppo economico, sociale, territoriale tra ruralità, perifericità e innovazione: il caso della Provincia di Grosseto. La competitività rurale”
No full textDesativar o direito: um caminho a partir da obra de Giorgio Agamben
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Jurídicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito, Florianópolis, 2014O trabalho parte do problema de tentar pensar uma forma de resistência pelo Direito. A hipótese sustentada encontra amparo na noção de "desativar" o Direito, contida na obra de Giorgio Agamben. Neste sentido, o trabalho busca recompor os paradigmas jurídico-político e governamental dentro da obra do autor em questão, principalmente a partir dos livros "O poder soberano e a vida nua", "Estado de Exceção" e "O Reino e a Glória". Ao fim, a proposta de "desativar" o Direito e o conceito de inoperosidade defrontam-se com a máquina governamental agambeniana. Na conclusão, a filosofia do Direito é apresentada como alternativa para se pensar uma nova relação entre Direito e vida.Abstract: The work begins from the problem of trying to think of a way of resistance by Law. The hypothesis is supported by the notion of "deactivate" the law, contained in the work of Giorgio Agamben. In this sense, this dissertation seeks to reconstruct the legal-political and governmental paradigms within the work of the author in question, mostly from the books "The sovereign power and bare life", "State of Exception" and "The Kingdom and the Glory". At the end, the proposal to "deactivate" the Law and the concept of unindustriousness are confronted with Agamben's government machinery. In conclusion, the philosophy of law is presented as an alternative to think about a new relationship between law and life
Suitability of giant reed (Arundo donax L.) for anaerobic digestion: Effect of harvest time and frequency on the biomethane yield potential
No full textThis study aimed to investigate the potential of giant reed for biomethane production by examining the influence of harvest time and frequency on the Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP), the kinetics of biomethane accumulation in batch reactors and the expected methane yield per hectare. The crop was cut at five different times, regrowths from early cuts were harvested in autumn and BMP of each cut was assessed. The highest BMP (392 NL kg VS−1) and the best kinetics of methane production were associated to juvenile traits of the crop. By coupling the early cuts with the corresponding regrowths (double harvest), the dry biomass (from 35 to 40 Mg ha−1) equaled that obtained by a single cut at end of the season (38 Mg ha−1), while the methane yield per hectare (11,585–12,981 Nm3 ha−1) exceeded up to 35% the methane produced with a single harvest at crop maturity (9452 Nm3 ha−1)
Soil conservation and ecosystem services from agroforestry systems: a GIS-based approach for soil erosion in Central Italy
No full textPreserving natural resources, such as soil, is one of the major challenge for agriculture, in the view of developing sustainable adaptation strategies to climate change. Soil loss by water erosion is a critical issue in the Mediterra - nean region due to high rainfall erosivity caused by the increased frequency of extreme precipitation events. In Tuscany, the risk of soil erosion is exacerbated on arable soil of hilly areas, where the persistent application of conventional tillage is associated with: (i) long periods with bare soils within the crop rotation, (ii) poor herba- ceous vegetation cover due to low biomass productivity and (iii) scarce presence of trees on farmland. Agrofore - stry systems - “the practice of deliberately integrating woody vegetation (trees or shrubs) with crop and/or ani- mal systems to benefit from the resulting ecological and economic interactions” - can reduce soil erosion risk by enhancing cover-management factor. In this study the (R)USLE (Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation) was im- plemented on a GIS-based model in order to assess the potential of diferent agroforestry systems in decreasing soil erosion risk on arable land below the tolerance threshold (11 Mg ha-1 yr-1). The JRC-EU map proposed by Pa- nagos et al. (2015) was used for rainfall erosivity, whereas the agroforestry P-factor values were derived from Delgado & Canter (2012). The reference scenario, based in current soil uses (Corine Land Cover 2012) allowed to determine the baseline of potential soil losses on arable land in Tuscany and to identify areas characterized by the highest risk of erosion. About 50% of the cropland in the study area, 450,000 ha, has a severe soil erosion risk, more than 33 Mg ha-1 yr-1 of soil loss.The development of alternative scenarios, based on the possible implemen- tation of agroforestry systems, allowed to highlight that: (i) alley cropping systems (P-factor from 0.1 to 0.5) would reduce soil loss rate under the tolerance threshold on 60 % of the arable land of Tuscany; (ii) the 11% of the arable land would urgently need high conservative agroforestry practices (P-factor less than 0.1) in order to reduce soil loss below the tolerance threshold
Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Soil Cultivated with Vegetables in Crop Rotation under Integrated, Organic and Organic Conservation Management in a Mediterranean Environment
No full textA combination of organic and conservation approaches have not been widely tested, neither considering agronomic implications nor the impacts on the environment. Focussing on the effect of agricultural practices on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from soil, the hypothesis of this research is that the organic conservation system (ORG+) may reduce emissions of N2O, CH4 and CO2 from soil, compared to an integrated farming system (INT) and an organic (ORG) system in a two-year irrigated vegetable crop rotation set up in 2014, in a Mediterranean environment. The crop rotation included: Savoy cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. sabauda L. cv. Famosa), spring lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. cv. Justine), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill. cv. Montebianco) and summer lettuce (L. sativa cv. Ballerina). Fluxes from soil of N2O, CH4 and CO2 were measured from October 2014 to July 2016 with the flow-through non-steady state chamber technique using a mobile instrument equipped with high precision analysers. Both cumulative and daily N2O emissions were mainly lower in ORG+ than in INT and ORG. All the cropping systems acted as a sink of CH4, with no significant differences among treatments. The ORG and ORG+ systems accounted for higher cumulative and daily CO2 emissions than INT, maybe due to the stimulating effect on soil respiration of organic material (fertilizers/plant biomass) supplied in ORG and ORG+. Overall, the integration of conservation and organic agriculture showed a tendency for higher CO2 emissions and lower N2O emissions than the other treatments, without any clear results on its potential for mitigating GHG emissions from soil
Utilization of Olive Pomace for Energy Purposes in Tuscany: A Spatially Explicit Approach Applied to Estimating Potentials of Local Bioenergy Chains
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