1,721,399 research outputs found
Cinetica del naproxene nel cavallo sportivo : confronto preliminare tra due diversi livelli di dosaggio
No full textThe kinetics of naproxen, administered intravenously (IV) at doses of 3 and 10 mg.kg-1, was investigated in 4 healthy race-horses. The drug showed a short distribution half-life (<1 h) and a more prolonged elimination half-life (in the range 0f about 7 and 9 h) with both the doses. The values of Vd and of Vd(ss) evidentiated a good distributive capacity of naproxen, similarly to that of other NSAIDs administered in the horse. Proportional to the administered doses were also AUC values, in agreement with the value recorded by other Authors. In conclusion, the data obtained did not show a significant influence of the dose on drug’s kinetics
Pharmacokinetics and effects of alkalization during oral and intravenous administration of naproxen in horses
No full textThe use of suitable therapeutic protocols is particularly important when extra-label drugs are used or when physiological parameters are modified, as in the case of the administration of alkaline substances to racehorses. The pharmacokinetics of naproxen (NAP), after both intravenous (iv) and oral administration of 10 mg/kg body weight (BW), was investigated in horses under normal metabolic conditions and in horses whose conditions were modified by the iv administration of 250 mg/kg BW of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3). The hypothesis that blood and consequent urinary alkalization could modify NAP pharmacokinetics was evaluated. Drug quantification was performed on serum and urine using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet-visible detection. Results were also integrated with cycloxygenase (COX)-inhibition published data to suggest an appropriate schedule for NAP dosage in horses. After iv administration, NAP was rapidly distributed (t 1/2α: 0.71 ± 0.43 iv NaHCO 3 and 0.55 ± 0.62 hours No NaHCO 3), whereas its elimination was quite slow (t 1/2β: 6.74 ± 0.41 hours), particularly in iv NaHCO 3 animals (t 1/2β: 8.95 ± 1.37 hours). After oral treatments, NAP was more rapidly absorbed and elimination was slower in iv NaHCO 3 animals (t 1/2λ z: 17.50 ± 6.66 vs. 7.17 ± 0.91 hours). The oral bioavailability of NAP was approximately 87% and 77% in No NaHCO 3 and iv NaHCO 3, respectively. Urinary excretion of the drug as a parent compound was low. The alkalization procedure did not anticipate the elimination of the acidic drug as expected, but it also influenced the absorption of the drug that was administered orally. The dosage scheme of 10 mg/kg BW iv or orally seems to be appropriate to produce an anti-inflammatory effect for 12 to 24 hours
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Drug susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from subclinical bovine mastitis in Italy
No full textThe antimicrobial susceptibility of 68 Staphylococcus aureus isolates collected during 2004 from milk of cows affected by subclinical mastitis was examined. The anti- microbial agents tested were the β-lactams, penicillin G, amoxicillin, ampicillin, cloxacillin, amoxicillin + cla- vulanate, cephalonium, and cefoperazone; and other drugs including lincomycin, oxytetracycline, doxycy- cline, and kanamycin. Minimum inhibitory concentra- tions recorded show that only certain β-lactamase–re- sistant penicillins (specifically cloxacillin) or penicillin combinations (amoxicillin + clavulanate) were consis- tently effective against Staph. aureus, whereas the other β-lactam derivatives and drugs from other phar- macological groups were either moderately effective or ineffective. Thus, β-lactamase–resistant penicillins are to be considered the antimicrobial agents of choice for treatment of bovine mastitis resulting from infection by Staph. aureus.
Key words: Staphylococcus aureus, bovine, minimum inhibitory concentratio
Somministrazione intramammaria di cefoperazone in bovine in lattazione : confronto tra animali sani e infetti
No full text- …
