1,720,962 research outputs found
The use of PROMs to promote patient empowerment and improve resilience in health care systems
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
People : technology and complex work in healthcare
No full textHealthcare workers operate in settings that possess many of the characteristics associated with naturalistic decision-making: complexity, uncertainty, ambiguity, goal conflicts, shifting priorities, time pressure, and multiple agents. They use informational artefacts to support them in this work, both at an individual level (for example, aids to prospective memory) and on a workgroup level (coordinating work that is distributed across time, space, and workers, both within and among different professional disciplines). These uses occur throughout clinical work, but may be easily observed at certain points in time, such as transfers of responsibility for patient care. For example, workers going off-shift must transfer their authority, responsibility, and situational knowledge, assessments and plans about patients and their conditions, work in progress and remaining to be done, stance towards changes in plan, etc, to members of the on-coming shift. A variety of artefacts have been used to support this activity; they can be roughly grouped into three categories of increasing complexity: general purpose artefacts used in special ways (eg, paper notes, personal computers); manual, special purpose artefacts (eg, shared display boards); or special purpose, computer-based (eg, clinical information systems).
This panel will present analyses of ethnographic observations from a variety of clinical settings, regarding how clinical workers use these different technologies in varying ways to support their work and in particular, their functioning as a joint cognitive system. The panel will last 60 minutes and will be structured into four brief (10 minute) presentations to allow ample time for discussion. The presentations and speakers will be as follows (in roughly increasing order of technological ‘intensity’):
1. Prof. Guglielmetti is a social psychologist with research interests in decision-making in complex settings. She will discuss ethnographic observations in a medium sized emergency department (ED) in northern Italy, focusing on workarounds that triagists use to overcome limits and rigidities of the personal computer mediated communication system adopted in the ED. Because there is a shared perception that the computer-based artefact loses subtle nuances of the triagist’s perspective, work practice observations have highlighted the triagists’ activation of verbal, direct, synchronous communication to direct physicians’ attention to crucial information to facilitate management. The risks and benefits inherent to this informal practice will be presented and discussed.
2. Dr Shawna Perry in an emergency physician and researcher in patient safety. Workers in EDs and hospital wards in the US and UK have spontaneously developed a shared artefact to support both individual and collective work. These take the form of large dry erase boards, originally used for tracking patient locations but over time extended to include a great deal of additional functionality. Because they have been developed directly by frontline workers, with almost no influence from management or external regulators, they offer a window into the issues that workers find difficult and important in their work.
3. Prof Robert Wears is an emergency physician and safety researcher with a background in software engineering. For a variety of reasons, the manual “whiteboards” described above are gradually being supplanted by computer-based information systems. These computerized systems emulate the form of the manual whiteboards but often have failed to capture some of their important functionalities. This presentation will describe a before-after study of the change from manual to computerized artefacts and the positive and negative effects of the change on clinical work.
4. Stephanie Wilson is a researcher interested in design of usable technology and in studying the use of technology, particularly in healthcare settings. Increasingly, computer-based artefacts are being introduced to support important coordinative and communicative aspects of clinical work. This presentation will draw on recent ethnographic studies of handover in varied healthcare settings to describe efforts to design these kinds of technological artefacts. We try to understand not just what information is conveyed in handovers, but why it is conveyed, and to think about how to move from the "as is" situation (which may or may not be a good one) to one that embraces new opportunities without impeding the work. Key issues include supporting good situation awareness, decisions, explanations for those decisions, tasks, accurate patient data (sometimes detailed, sometimes summarised) and the evolution of the situation
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