1,720,954 research outputs found
The Systemic Heart of Octopus-vulgaris - Effects of Exogenous Arachidonic-acid and Capability For Arachidonate Metabolism
No full textThe actions of exogenous arachidonic acid on the performance of the isolated and perfused systemic heart of Octopus vulgaris (collected in the Bay of Naples in 1992), and the potential of this heart for eicosanoid synthesis are described. Arachidonic acid induces positive chronotropic and inotropic effects. The positive inotropic effect is apparent only at the lowest concentration used (10(-7) M) and in the paced heart preparations, in which a negative relationship between stroke volume and heart rate has been demonstrated. Using 10(-5) M arachidonate, which induces the greatest chronotropic effect, a reduction of inotropism is evident which is due to the above negative relationship between stroke volume and heart rate. These effects are scarcely affected by the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase inhibitors, indomethacin (IM) and nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), respectively. On the coronary system of this heart arachidonic acid displays a potent vasoconstrictory action (ca. 100 percent increase of coronary resistance). This effect is potentiated by IM and reduced by NDGA. C-14-arachidonate is metabolized by the octopus ventricle homogenate into the lipoxygenase products (assayed as hydroxy acids) more actively than into cyclo-oxygenase products (prostanoids: PGE(2), PGD(2), PGF(2 alpha), and 6-keto-PGF(1 alpha)). On the other hand, the Ca ionophore A23187 enhances the production of cyclooxygenase metabolites much more than of lipoxygenase metabolites
Performance of the Isolated and Perfused Working Heart of the Teleost Conger-conger - Study of the Inotropic Effect of Prostacyclin
No full textAn in vitro preparation of the heart of the teleostConger conger, isolated without the pericardium, was set up. The procedure allowed subambient pressures to develop in the perfusion chamber during contraction, mimicking the in vivo situation with the pericardium intact. The ventricle produced a cardiac output of about 15 ml·min-1·kg wet body weight-1 at subambient input pressure, and was able to double the stroke work with an increase of preload up to about 0.2 kPa. Using this preparation it was found that prostacyclin has a positive inotropic effect on the atrium and ventricle, but it does not affect the heart rate. Semilogarithmic doseresponse curves of prostacyclin on the atrium are reported, showing a threshold concentration of about 10-9 M. The isolated and perfusedConger conger heart provides a useful model for a detailed analysis of the action of prostacyclin on myocardial contractility
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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