1,721,048 research outputs found
Karakterisasi Aqueous Ekstrak Pletekan (R. tuberosa L) Menggunakan LC-HRMS dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah Tikus Terpapar Streptozotocin
No full textPada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkarakterisasi aqueous ekstrak pletekan (R. tuberosa L) dan pengaruh pemberiannya pada hewan uji tikus yang diinduksi streptozotocin. Parameter yang digunakan yaitu karakterisasi ekstrak aqueous pletekan (R. tuberosa L) menggunakan LC-HRMS dan kadar glukosa darah pada hewan uji tikus. Induksi steptozotocin pada tikus secara injeksi intraperitoneal selama 5 hari berturut-turut dengan dosis 20 mg/kg BB dan terapi dilakukan selama 28 hari secara oral. Tikus sebanyak 20 ekor dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok yaitu kelompok negatif, kelompok positif, terapi dosis 250 mg/kg BB, dan terapi dosis 500 mg/kg BB. Hasil penelitian karakterisasi aqueous ekstrak pletekan (R. tuberosa L) menunjukkan banyak senyawa metabolit sekunder yang memiliki aktivitas biologi (betaine, hispidulin, daidzein, 4- coumaric acid, dan α-linolenic acid) dan hasil penurunan kadar glukosa pada dosis terapi 250 mg/kg BB sebesar 13,21% dan dosis terapi 500 mg/kg BB sebesar 25,35%
Genomics of Wheat Domestication
No full textThe review covers several issues concerning the state of molecular knowledge of the effects induced by domestication and breeding on the wheat crop. Genes at the root of the domesticationsyndrome are currently the focus of an active research which frequently uses comparative genomics approaches. Conclusions drawn on available data indicate that the domestication syndrome is originated by sudden genetic events, controlled by few major pleiotropic genes. These events were followed by the accumulation of a larger set of minor mutations, having a multifactorial mode of inheritance. Moreover the organization of nucleotide variability enables the detection of domestication-related molecular footprints, suggesting that the genomic regions more responsible for genetic variation and more related to domestication are reduced when compared to the whole genome size. The polyploidy history of the domesticated wheats is presented, making a specific mention to the origin of the wheat A, B, D and G genomes and to the molecular control of chromosome pairing in polyploids. A general presentation is also provided on the genomic changes which have accompanied the emergence of domesticated wheats. What follows is a molecular information on: i) the wheat adaptation to the environment (genomics of photoperiod, vernalization, heading date, plant height, and erect plant type); ii) the effect of domestication on seed-related yield components (genomics of seed size, grain hardness, and tillering); iii) modification of traits affecting harvestability (emergence of free-threshing seeds, rachis toughness, and presence of ear awns). Genetic bottlenecks which have been associated to wheat domestication and breeding are considered in a final section. The relatively young history of the wheat crop, the presumably small founder population of this gene pool, and the intensive long-term selection for agronomic traits did set the basis for a reduced genetic variability of the genus
Nutritional quality of einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcum L.) kernels
No full textEinkorn (Triticum monococcum L.) is a hulled wheat, widely cropped and eaten in prehistoric times but largely neglected today. Current trends towards low-impact and sustainable agriculture as well as an increase in the consumption of
healthy and functional food suggest that it may still play a role in human consumption. Therefore, einkorn potential for human consumption was assessed by analysing the chemical composition of several T. monococcum accessions, as
well as T. turgidum and T. aestivum controls, grown at S. Angelo Lodigiano, Italy.
A broad within-einkorn variation for all the traits analysed was observed. Compared to the controls, on average einkorn seeds had high protein content (18.2 ± 1.48%), high ash content (2.35 ± 0.165%), low total starch (65.5 ± 2.56%) and average amylose (25.7 ± 1.23% of total starch). Carotenoids and tocols (lipophilic antioxidants) were more concentrated in T. monococcum than in T. turgidum and T. aestivum: carotenoids, mostly lutein, averaged 8.4 ± 1.40 mg/kg, and several accessions showed significant amounts of carotenes (above 25% of total carotenoids); tocols, mainly btocotrienol, averaged 78.0 ± 8.73 mg/kg dm. Einkorn had also high contents in fructan (1.90 ± 0.19 g/100 g) and
microelements: Zn (69 ± 9 mg/kg), Fe (49 ± 4 mg/kg), Mn (43 ± 4 mg/kg) and Cu (8 ± 0.4 mg/kg). Furthermore, lipid content was abundant (4.2 ± 0.40 g/100g) and 14 compounds were identified, mainly linoleic (50.8%) and oleic (24.8%)
acids; 80.6% of total fatty acids were unsaturated.
The analysis of several chemical parameters across a representative sample of T. monococcum, T. turgidum and T.
aestivum confirmed the superior nutritional value of einkorn
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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