1,721,199 research outputs found
Overweight and obesity in Italy, 1990-91
No full textOverweight and obesity are associated with several important diseases, including diabetes, cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases, digestive disorders and cancer. We decided, therefore, to present estimates of the prevalence of overweight and obesity in the general Italian population. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in Italy was evaluated using data from the 1990-91 Italian National Health Survey. 25,818 households were surveyed, representing the whole Italian population. A sample of 24,602 males and 26,090 females aged 15 or over was randomly selected, within strata of geographical area, size of municipality and size of household, in order to be fully representative. Quetelet's index was considered as a measure of body mass index, on the basis of self reported height and weight, and was a priori divided into four levels: underweight ( or = 30 kgm-2). In the overall national sample, 11.0% of subjects were underweight (4.4% males, 12.2% females), 50.8% normal weight (49.4% males, 52.2% females), 31.6% overweight (39.2% males, 24.5% females), and 6.5% obese (7.0% males, 6.1% females). The prevalence of overweight and obesity was higher in middle age and in the South of the country, and was directly related to history of diabetes, hypertension, heart diseases, gallbladder disease and chronic respiratory disorders. These data quantify the importance of overweight and obesity as a public health issue in the general Italian population
[ISTAT surveys on the health status of the Italian population and the use of health services: 1980 and 1983]
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Formazione e sviluppo dell’identità. Per una formazione pedagogica dell’insegnante
No full textAmong the most urgent issues facing pedagogy today is that concerning teacher training. Considering the increasingly complex current society, the teacher has to have a quality competence capable of promoting articulated learning and the development of identity in the student. This contribution aims to reflect upon the need to train the teacher pedagogically, so that
he/she will be competent in the disciplinary structure and in identifying the training purposes of the learned knowledge. In this regard, it identifies the strategic guidelines of a training proposal in which knowledge, the epistemology of the discipline and the logic of thinking, far from representing only the aim of teaching, will constitute the means by which the teacher will
promote in the student autonomy of judgment, dignity and value responsibility towards itself, the others and the community.Tra le questioni più urgenti che la pedagogia deve oggi affrontare vi è quella che riguarda la formazione dell’insegnante. La società attuale, sempre più complessa, richiede a quest’ultimo una competenza di qualità, che sia in grado di promuovere nell’alunno apprendimenti articolati e lo sviluppo di identità. Il presente contributo intende avviare una riflessione sulla necessità di formare pedagogicamente il docente, affinché risulti competente nella struttura disciplinare e nella individuazione delle finalità educative delle conoscenze apprese. A tal fine, individua le linee strategiche di una proposta formativa nella quale
il sapere, l’epistemologia delle discipline e la logica del pensare, lungi dal rappresentare solo il fine dell’insegnamento, costituiranno i mezzi attraverso i quali il docente si farà promotore nel discente di autonomia di giudizio, dignità e responsabilità valoriale verso se stesso, il
prossimo e la comunità
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Patterns of smoking initiation in Italian males and females from 1955 to 1985
No full textThe changes in patterns of smoking initiation in Italian males and females in 1955, 1965, 1975, and 1985 were analyzed using data from the 1990-1991 Italian National Health Survey, based on a sample of 18,483 males and 19,320 females ages 19 to 59. The sample was randomly selected within strata of geographic area and size of place of residence and of household in order to be representative of the general Italian population. The age of each subject was reconstructed for each calendar year of interest (1954 to 1956, centered on 1955, 1964 to 1966, 1974 to 1976, and 1984 to 1986). For each calendar period and year of age of interest (14 to 24), the numerator of the smoking initiation rate was the number of subjects who started smoking and the denominator was the number of subjects at risk, i.e., nonsmokers of the same age. The same procedure was repeated for three separate age groups (14 to 17, 18 to 20, and 21 to 24)
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