957 research outputs found
Evidence of mixed infection of phytoplasma and begomovirus associated with Withania somnifera and Capsicum annum plants from Uttar Pradesh, India
No full textSymptoms of yellow discoloration, curling of leaves, and
little leaves with excessive branching were observed on
Withania somnifera and Capsicum annum plants, with an
average incidence of 5 and 8%, respectively, in Hardoi
District of Uttar Pradesh, India during 2016–17 and 2017–18.
The little leaf and excessive branching suggested the possibility
of phytoplasma association. However, the presence
of whiteflies in the vicinity and leaf curling suggested begomovirus
infection. Three leaf samples from Withania somnifera
and Capsicum annum symptomatic plants and one from
non-symptomatic leaf were used for DNA isolation and were
subjected to PCR using P1/P6 primers and nested PCR
R16F2n/R16r2 primers, respectively, for the detection of phytoplasma.
The begomovirus coat protein-specific primer
AV1F/AV1R was used to detect begomovirus infection.
Nested PCR amplified the ~1.2 kb amplicon in all six symptomatic
leaves and no amplification was observed in
non-symptomatic leaves. The CP region primer yielded
~800 bp amplicons in all three symptomatic samples of each
plant. Amplified products from both primers were eluted,
purified, and sequenced. The phytoplasma sequence
obtained from Withania somnifera (MH789552) shared the
highest sequence identity (99.92%) with other isolates of a
clover proliferation group (16SrVI-D) group of phytoplasmas.
However, Capsicum annum plants shared the highest identity
(99%) with the Ca. P. asteris-related (16SrI-B) group of phytoplasma.
In silico RFLP analysis of the 1.2 kbp product of
the 16S rRNA sequence of the W. somnifera and C. annum
phytoplasma strains submitted to the pDRAW32 tool (https://
www.acaclone.com/) and phylogenetic analysis through the
MEGA 6.0 tool confirmed that it as a member of the 16SrVI-Dsubgroup and 16SrI-B subgroup, respectively. The CP gene sequence of the W. somnifera isolate (MW176071) showed
maximum identity (99%) with several isolates of the Tomato
leaf curl virus reported from various places in India. However,
the C. annum isolate (MW420480) shared maximum identity
with the Ageratum enation virus. The investigation confirmed
the mixed infection of ToLC V and 16SrVI-D group phytoplasma
in the W. somnifera plant and 16SrI-B alongwith AEV
in C. annum plants
Accessibility of promoter DNA is not the primary determinant of chromatin-mediated gene regulation
Get PDFDNA accessibility is thought to be of major importance in regulating gene expression. We test this hypothesis using a restriction enzyme as a probe of chromatin structure and as a proxy for transcription factors. We measured the digestion rate and the fraction of accessible DNA at almost all genomic AluI sites in budding yeast and mouse liver nuclei. Hepatocyte DNA is more accessible than yeast DNA, consistent with longer linkers between nucleosomes, and suggesting that nucleosome spacing is a major determinant of accessibility. DNA accessibility varies from cell to cell, such that essentially no sites are accessible or inaccessible in every cell. AluI sites in inactive mouse promoters are accessible in some cells, implying that transcription factors could bind without activating the gene. Euchromatin and heterochromatin have very similar accessibilities, suggesting that transcription factors can penetrate heterochromatin. Thus, DNA accessibility is not likely to be the primary determinant of gene regulation.Fil: Chereji, Razvan V.. National Institutes of Health; Estados UnidosFil: Eriksson, Peter R.. National Institutes of Health; Estados UnidosFil: Ocampo, Josefina. National Institutes of Health; Estados Unidos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor N. Torres"; ArgentinaFil: Prajapati, Hemant Kumar. National Institutes of Health; Estados UnidosFil: Clark, David. National Institutes of Health; Estados Unido
Schiff base of 4-n-alkoxy-2-hydroxy benzaldehyde with 4-amino acetophenone and their Cu(II) complexes: synthesis, characterization and mesomorphic behavior
No full textNew homologous series of Schiff’s base of 4-n-Alkoxy-2-hydroxy benzaldehyde (n = 2 to 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18) with 4-amino acetophenone and their Cu(II) metal complexes have been synthesized. The compounds were characterized using various spectroscopic techniques including FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR. Mesomorphic properties of these compounds have been investigated with polarizing optical microscope and differential scanning calorimeter. These compounds exhibit wide range SmA phase as confirmed by their typical optical texture under polarizing microscope.</p
Studies of the effect of structural variation on Mesomorphic Characteristics in Thermotropic Mesogenes
No full textNot availabl
Acoustic and refractometric study of binary mixtures of 1-Propanol + Benzonitrile at 313 K
Get PDF297-303Ultrasonic speed (U), refractive index (n) and density (ρ) for binary mixtures of various concentrations of 1-Propanol (1-PrOH) with Benzonitrile (BN) have been measured at constant temperature 313 K. Various acoustic and optical parameters have been determined from the measured values of ultrasonic speed, refractive index and density of binary liquid mixtures. Excess of measured acoustic and optical parameters have been evaluated and fitted in R-K polynomial. The deviations in the sign and values of these parameters from the ideal mixing reveal inter-molecular interactions in the liquid mixture. Several theoretical mixing relations for ultrasonic speed and refractive index for the binary mixtures have been applied and verified for the same
Renal transplantation: Assessment of "at risk" diabetic foot and recommendations for mitigation
No full textWe conducted a prospective study (between November 2013 and January 2015) to identify "foot at risk" in the diabetic renal transplant patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital in India. Patients (151) were divided into three groups: diabetic transplant recipients (n = 42), new onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) (n = 59), and controls (nondiabetic renal transplant recipients) (n = 50). Foot neuropathy and vasculopathy were assessed by standard methods. Patients with "at risk" feet were given foot care advice. Of the 151 patients, 144 patients were male and seven were female with a male:female ratio of 20:1. Peripheral neuropathy was present among 42.9% of diabetic transplant patients, 35.6% of NODAT patients, and 12% of control patients. Vasculopathy was present in 28.6% of diabetic transplant patients, 23.7% of NODAT patients, and 2% of control patients. On multivariate analysis, patient′s age, mean time interval since transplantation, and HbA1c levels were significantly associated with neuropathy, whereas the duration of diabetes and vibration perception threshold was associated with vasculopathy. After undergoing renal transplantation, a significant number of diabetic and NODAT patients has their "feet at risk" who in future may develop full-blown lesions of the diabetic foot. Proper advice to patients and information to the treating doctor helps to mitigate the risk
A Comparative Evaluation of Effect of Upper Lip Length, Age and Sex on Amount of Exposure of Maxillary Anterior Teeth
No full textABSTRACT
Aim
The aim was to evaluate the relationship of age, sex and lip length to the amount of exposure of maxillary incisors and canine teeth.
Materials and methods
Two-hundred subjects were enrolled in the study. All subjects were grouped according to the lip length and age. The exposure of maxillary central incisor and canines was measured with flexible millimeter ruler. Teeth exposure beyond the lower border of the upper lip was considered as positive exposure and the unexposed teeth were considered as negative exposure.
Result
In females of age group 20 to 29, 30 to 39, 40 to 49 and 50 to 59 years, the mean exposure of central incisor was 2.16, 2.1, 2.18 mm and that of canine was 0.04, −0.36, −0.44 mm. For male of age group 20 to 29, 30 to 39, 40 to 49 and 50 to 59 years exposed 2.04, 2.04, 1.84, 1.76 mm of central incisor respectively and 0.08, −0.52, −0.4 and −0.4 mm exposure of canine. Female subjects with lip length 10 to 15, 15 to 20, 21 to 25, 25 to 30 and 31 to 35 mm showed 3.7, 3.4, 2.3, 0.9, 0.25 mm exposure of central incisor and 0.35, −0.15, −0.7, −0.8, −0.6 mm exposure of canine, respectively. Male subjects exposed 3.4, 3.3, 2.05, 0.7, 0.15 mm of central incisor and 0.4, 0.3, −0.6, −0.95, −0.7 mm of canine respective to lip length.
Conclusion
The range of exposure of maxillary central incisors was wider than that of canine. The average dimensions for maxillary canines relating to age and sex were closer to the extremes of the range. The canine position relative to the maxillary lip appeared to be a more predictable determinant.
Clinical significance
The result of the study can be used as a reference according to the age, sex and the lip length of the patient to correctly place maxillary anterior teeth in prosthesis.
How to cite this article
Patel JR, Prajapati P, Sethuraman R YG N. A Comparative Evaluation of Effect of Upper Lip Length Age and Sex on Amount of Exposure of Maxillary Anterior Teeth. J Contemp Dent Pract 2011;12(1):24-29.
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Baker's Yeast-catalysed ring opening of benzofuroxans : an efficient green synthesis of aryl-1,2-diamines
Get PDFA simple and inexpensive method for the reductive cleavage of N–O
bond of benzofuroxans with bakers’ yeast under nonfermenting condition in
aqueous media was achieved. The procedure gives excellent yields of aryl-1,
2-diamines
RP-HPLC Determination of Atomoxetine Hydrochloride in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Formulations
Get PDFA reversed phase high performance liquid chromatographic (RP–HPLC) method was developed and subsequently validated for the determination of atomoxetine hydrochloride in bulk and pharmaceutical formulation. The separation was done by a PerkinElmer Brownlee analytical C8 column (260 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 µm) using methanol: 50 mM KH2PO2 buffer (PH adjusted to 6.8 with 0.1 M NaOH), 80:20 v/v as an eluent. UV detection was performed at 270 nm at a flow rate 1.0 mL/min. The validation of the method was performed, and specificity, reproducibility, precision accuracy and ruggedness were confirmed. The correlation coefficient was found to be 0.997 for atomoxetine hydrochloride. The recovery was in the range of 99.94 to 100.98% and limit of quantification was found to be 5.707 µg/mL. The method is simple, rapid, selective and economical too and can be used for the routine analysis of drug in pharmaceutical formulations
ASSOCIATION OF BODY MASS INDEX WITH VO2 MAX IN INDIAN ADULTS
No full textBackground: Cardio respiratory fitness is one of the best methods for assessment of individual’s fitness. Aerobic fitness is reduced in overweight and obese. Aerobic fitness is also reduced in individual with sedentary life styles. Aims & objectives: The present study was undertaken to check association of overweight with aerobic fitness (VO2 max) in Indian Adults. Methodology: Our study was done on 100 healthy Indian adults (50 males and 50 females) of 18-60 years of age group from staff members of Pramukhswami Medical College, Karamsad, Gujarat, India, after their voluntary consent. All participants were apparently healthy at the time of Treadmill exercise test. Body compositions of all participants were done using Omron body fat monitor HBF302. Estimation of VO2 max was done by treadmill exercise test following Bruce protocol. Results: All the participants were grouped into normal weight (BMI 18.5 to 22.9) and overweight (BMI > 23). In normal weight females (n=30) VO2 max values obtained by Treadmill exercise test following Bruce protocol was 32.74 ± 12.82 ml/kg/min while in overweight female (n=20) it was 28.67 ± 9.78. VO2 max in normal weight males (n=15) was 39.50 ± 11.28 ml/kg/min while in overweight males (n=35) it was 35.17 ± 8.87 ml/kg/min. VO2 max was best correlated with total body fat percentage in males (r = -39) and females (r = -33) than total body mass in our study. Conclusion: VO2 max was significantly less in overweight adults in comparison to normal weight adults. High body fat rather than high body weight played main role for reduction of VO2 max in Indians
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