51 research outputs found
Sopra la guerra: testimonianze di aviatori oltre il mito
No full textSviluppato lungo un preciso percorso che parte dalle testimonianze scritte dei combattenti e arriva alla memoria multimediale, il volume intreccia questioni metodologiche e nuove prospettive della comunicazione-divulgazione legate alla public history. I numerosi contributi raccolti definiscono semanticamente lo spazio occupato e il ruolo svolto dalla scrittura durante la prima guerra mondiale e analizzano l’uso pubblico delle testimonianze per la costruzione del mito della guerra. Ne emergono così i processi culturali e storiografici che hanno trasformato le scritture e le immagini fotografiche di guerra da monumenti a fonti per la storia di un conflitto
Colloque "Diderot et l’Italie", Rome 23-25 janvier 2014
No full textPar Linda Gil, Université Paris-Sorbonne et Università degli Studi di Roma Tre. Plusieurs manifestations scientifiques ont eu lieu à Rome pour commémorer le tricentenaire de la naissance de Diderot. La Société Internationale d’Etude du XVIIIe siècle et la Società Italiana di Studi sul secolo XVIII ont souhaité à cette occasion renouer la tradition des échanges franco-italiens. Un colloque international portant sur les relations entre Diderot et l’Italie a été organisé par les universités de R..
Colloque "Diderot et l’Italie", Rome 23-25 janvier 2014
No full textPar Linda Gil, Université Paris-Sorbonne et Università degli Studi di Roma Tre. Plusieurs manifestations scientifiques ont eu lieu à Rome pour commémorer le tricentenaire de la naissance de Diderot. La Société Internationale d’Etude du XVIIIe siècle et la Società Italiana di Studi sul secolo XVIII ont souhaité à cette occasion renouer la tradition des échanges franco-italiens. Un colloque international portant sur les relations entre Diderot et l’Italie a été organisé par les universités de R..
Analysis of the IgE Response to Pine Nut Allergens in Italian Allergic Patients
No full textPlant-derived foods are the main cause of food allergy in Italian adults, and pine nut seems to be a relevant allergen. Allergy to pine nut is frequently severe and can affect children. Patients can become sensitized through airborne transmission. Pine nuts are found in sweets, cookies, and pasta seasoned with pesto sauce, yet little is known about pine nut allergens. Several proteins of different molecular weights (17 kDa; 30, 44, and 50 kDa; and <14 kDa) have been detected. A 6-kDa albumin and a 50-kDa vicilin were recently shown to be major allergens, and surprisingly uniform IgE reactivity to 5 allergens ranging between 6 kDa and 47 kDa was detected in 5 children. We investigated the main pine nut allergens in Italian patients
Clustering nuclear receptors in liver regeneration identifies candidate modulators of hepatocyte proliferation and hepatocarcinoma
No full textBACKGROUND & AIMS:
Liver regeneration (LR) is a valuable model for studying mechanisms modulating hepatocyte proliferation. Nuclear receptors (NRs) are key players in the control of cellular functions, being ideal modulators of hepatic proliferation and carcinogenesis.
METHODS & RESULTS:
We used a previously validated RT-qPCR platform to profile modifications in the expression of all 49 members of the NR superfamily in mouse liver during LR. Twenty-nine NR transcripts were significantly modified in their expression during LR, including fatty acid (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, PPARs) and oxysterol (liver X receptors, Lxrs) sensors, circadian masters RevErbα and RevErbβ, glucocorticoid receptor (Gr) and constitutive androxane receptor (Car). In order to detect the NRs that better characterize proliferative status vs. proliferating liver, we used the novel Random Forest (RF) analysis to selected a trio of down-regulated NRs (thyroid receptor alpha, Trα; farsenoid X receptor beta, Fxrβ; Pparδ) as best discriminators of the proliferating status. To validate our approach, we further studied PPARδ role in modulating hepatic proliferation. We first confirmed the suppression of PPARδ both in LR and human hepatocellular carcinoma at protein level, and then demonstrated that PPARδ agonist GW501516 reduces the proliferative potential of hepatoma cells.
CONCLUSIONS:
Our data suggest that NR transcriptome is modulated in proliferating liver and is a source of biomarkers and bona fide pharmacological targets for the management of liver disease affecting hepatocyte proliferation
Neuron-derived orphan receptor 1 promotes proliferation of quiescent hepatocytes
No full textBACKGROUND & AIMS: Studies of the transcriptional networks that regulate nuclear receptor-mediated proliferation of quiescent hepatocytes could lead to new information about liver growth and hepatoprotective strategies. METHODS: We used quantitative real-time PCR to analyze expression of neuron-derived orphan receptor 1 (Nor-1) and its target genes during liver regeneration after hepatectomy in mice, and in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) samples from patients. We used adenoviral vectors to express Nor-1 in normal liver (Ad/CMV/V5-Nor-1), or reduce its level with small hairpin RNAs (Ad/BLOCK-iT/Nor-1(small hairpin RNA)) after partial hepatectomy. RESULTS: Levels of Nor-1 messenger RNA and protein, and transcription of Nor-1 target genes (Ccnd1 and Vcam-1), increased during the late priming and proliferative phases of liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy. Levels of NOR-1 messenger RNA and transcription of its target gene CCND1 and of the NOR-1 subfamily member NUR-77 also increased in human HCC samples compared with paired HCC-free tissue. Ad-Nor-1(small hairpin RNA) reduced the hepatocyte proliferation after hepatectomy. Overexpression of Nor-1 in normal livers of mice induced proliferation of quiescent hepatocytes independently of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α signaling. In gene expression profile analysis, Nor-1 altered expression of genes involved in the cell cycle, proliferation, and tumorigenesis. CONCLUSIONS:
In mice, the orphan nuclear receptor Nor-1 activates proliferation of quiescent hepatocytes and is required for hepatocyte proliferation after partial hepatectomy. Nor-1 and its gene targets are also up-regulated in human HCC samples. Nor-1 activates a transcriptional program that induces hepatocyte proliferation independently of inflammatory signaling pathway
Recommendations for the use of molecular diagnostics in the diagnosis of allergic dis-eases
No full textThe Study Group on Allergology of the Italian Society of Clinical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (SIPMeL) and the Associazione Italiana degli Allergologi e Immunologi Territoriali e Ospedalieri (AAIITO) developed the present recommendations on the diagnosis of allergic diseases based on the use of molecular allergenic components, whose purpose is to provide the pathologists and the clinicians with information and algorithms enabling a proper use of this second-level diagnostics. Molecular diagnostics allows definition of the exact sensitization profile of the allergic patient. The methodology followed to develop these recommendations included an initial phase of discussion between all the components to integrate the knowledge derived from scientific evidence, a revision of the recommendations made by Italian and foreign experts, and the subsequent production of this document to be disseminated to all those who deal with allergy diagnostics
Heterogenity of IgE response to walnut and hazelnut in italian allergic patients.
No full textBackground:The prevalence of IgE reactivity against genuine walnut and hazelnut allergens is poorly defined. Objective: The IgE response to walnut and hazelnut was investigated in Italian patients with primary allergy to these nuts. Methods: Sera from 36 patients allergic to hazelnut and/or walnut, not reactive to PR-10, profilin, and LTP, underwent immunoblot analysis with extracts of both nuts.Results:Most patients had a history
of systemic symptoms following the ingestion of the offending food(s).Twelve patients were sensitized to both walnut and hazelnut, and 13 were sensitized to other nuts and seeds (cashew, peanut, sesame, pine nut, almond, Brazil nut, and pistachio). On walnut immunoblot, the 7 sera which scored positive showed much variability in their IgE profile. Two reacted uniquely at 10 kDa, and the others at 35 , 40, 45, 50, 67, and > 67 kDa.The
profiles obtained under reducing and non-reducing conditions showed several differences. The 7 sera positive on hazelnut immunoblot under reducing conditions recognized sera at 10 kDa and at <10 kDa (n=1), 20 kDa (n=4), at about 22, 24, 30, 40, 43, 58, 60, and 90 kDa, and higher m.w. in other cases. Under non-reducing conditions IgE reactivity at 20, 28, 35, 40, 45, 60, 90, and 100 kDa,was detected.Only two sera scored positive under
both conditions and showed an IgE profile that partly changed from one assay to another. Conclusion: The current list of walnut and hazelnut allergens is far from being complete. Both reducing and non-reducing conditions are needed to detect IgE reactivity in individual patients
Are IgE levels to food other than rosaceae predictive of allergy in lipid transfer protein-hypersensitive patients?
No full textBackground: Lipid transfer protein (LTP), the most frequent cause of primary food allergy in Italy, is a cross-reacting plant pan-allergen. Markers able to predict whether a patient sensitized to a certain food but not
yet clinically allergic will develop allergy would be extremely helpful.
Objective: It was the aim of this study to investigate the relevance of IgE levels to some plant foods other than Rosaceae as predictors of either local or systemic allergic reaction in LTP-allergic subjects.
Methods: One hundred (40 males, 60 females , mean age 29 years) peach-allergic patients monosensitized to LTP seen at 14 Italian centres in 2009 were studied. Walnut, hazelnut, peanut, tomato, rice and/or maize allergy was ascertained by interview and confirmed by positive skin prick test. IgE levels to these foods and to rPru p 3 were measured.
Results: Higher levels of IgE to Pru p 3 were associated with a higher prevalence of allergy to hazelnut, peanut and walnut. For all study foods, except rice, median IgE levels in allergic subjects significantly exceeded those in tolerant subjects, though within single allergic groups, the differences between patients reporting systemic or local (oral) symptoms were not significant. Ninety-five percent cut-off IgE levels predictive of clinical allergy were established for study foods although the marked overlaps between allergic and tolerant subjects made them of limited usefulness.
Conclusion: Specific IgE levels are only partially predictive of clinical allergy. The reasons why some individuals showing low specific IgE levels develop clinical allergy whereas others showing high IgE levels do not, despite similar exposure to the allergen, remain unclear
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