304 research outputs found
An alternative mathematical foundation for Statistics
No full textWe use a version of Non-standard Analysis with a double scale of order of magnitude
to develop an alternative foundation for Statistics. The corresponding theory is intermediate
between Statistics and Probability Theory and we view it as a link between Frequency Statistics
and Probability
Sulla concezione autonoma della morale e dell'antropologia in Hans Kelsen
No full textThe notion of autonomy represents one of the key-concepts of modernity. But what it is its real meaning? Furthermore: what is the relationship of this concept with the categories of emancipation and self-legislation which seem to determine its destiny? This paper addresses these questions by drawing on the philosophical thought of Hans Kelsen. Kelsen adopts, as a matter of fact, the notion of autonomy as one of the central categories of his philosophical – ahead of his juridical – reflection, according to the idea of an authentic return to Kant. This essay offers therefore an original perspective on kelsenian philosophy starting with a comparison with Thomas Aquinas and intends to show how much the claim for the autonomous character of ethics is central in this author. As a matter of fact, in Kelsen’s approach the autonomy of ethics is not only the prerequisite for any anthropology, but also of the same pure doctrine of law.
As a result, this essay contributes to the understanding of Kelsen’s philosophical anthropology beyond the non-personalistic character of his legal theory
Common fragile sites on human chromosomes represent transcriptionally active regions: evidence from camptothecin
No full textCellular processes involved in the expression of fragile sites (FS) have been investigated by studying the possible modulation of their induction by camptothecin, a specific topoisomerase I inhibitor. Expression of FS was induced by aphidicolin and then camptothecin was administered to cultures during G2 phase. Under these conditions, a very high number of chromosome aberrations were obtained: R-bands carrying FS were specifically involved in breakage and, in particular, the common FS (cFS) bands already expressed in aphidicolin-treated cultures were the most affected. These data show that the expressed FS are preferential targets of camptothecin, that is, regions where topoisomerase I-cleavable complexes are formed. This allows us to hypothesize that cFS could represent the cytogenetic expression of transcriptionally active regions. These treatments were able to induce, besides the known FS, four new FS, namely 1p34, 6p21, 6q25, and 15q15
Nitrogen-Bearing Lithium Compounds in Modern Synthesis
No full textNitrogen-containing compounds are ubiquitous and extremely important in synthesis. This chapter encompasses some general aspects on the generation, structure, and reactivity of nitrogen-bearing organolithiums showing the progress made over the last decade. In particular, the chemistry of reactive intermediates lithiated at sp3- hybridized carbon atoms adjacent (a) to a nitrogen atom is described. Recently developed strategies for the generation and use in synthesis of amino-organolithiums deriving from saturated nitrogenated heterocycles as well as from acyclic nitrogenated systems are reported. Starting from simple three-membered ring aziridines up to seven-membered ring azepines, the reactivity and structural features of the corresponding lithiated intermediates are covered. Special attention has been given to the stereochemistry of the reactions employing amino-organolithiums, and to the development of new and efficient protocols, such as the catalytic dynamic resolution and the catalytic asymmetric deprotonation, for controlling the absolute stereochemistry. The chapter underlines the role of substituents able to activate simple amines towards the lithiation as well as to stabilize the resulting intermediates, establishing the tight relationship between structure and reactivity, offering to researchers the background for testing the reactivity of unexplored nitrogenated systems
Modelling Space-time variation of cancer incidence data: a case study
No full textCancer incidence data are typically available as rates or counts for contiguous geographical regions and are
collected over time. Recent methodological developments have moved in the direction of univariate space-time
modeling of incidence data especially in a Bayesian context. Based on an example of data on cancer incidence
collected between 1988 and 2005 in a specific area of France, this work describes an approach to analyze the
space-time evolution of the disease taking into account also of possible non linear effects of other covariates.
For this purpose, we consider Generalized Additive Mixed Models (GAMMs) with a Poisson response. The proposed method allows to incorporate a wide
range of correlation structures. Besides one dimensional smooth functions accounting for non-linear effects
of covariates, the space-time interaction can be modeled using scale invariant tensor product smooths, where
the smoothness parameter is estimated and does not depend on the different scales of the covariate axes.
Another possibility investigated to account for space-time dependency is to use varying coefficient models. In
such case, to explore spatio-temporal patterns, analyzes focused on six time periods, each 3 years in length,
between 1988 and 2005. For model implementations we use the R package mgc
BH3-promoted stereoselective β-lithiation of N-alkyl-2-phenylaziridines
No full textBH3 complexes of N-alkyl-2-phenylaziridines have been synthesized and their structure and stereochemistry proved with DFT calculations and NMR experiments. It has been demonstrated that the Lewis acid complexation is able to promote a regioselective β-lithiation in 2-phenylaziridino- borane complexes. The lithiated intermediates were configurationally stable, allowing an enantioselective preparation of cis-2,3-disubstituted aziridines. © 2011 American Chemical Society
Valutazione della consistenza dei frutti di actinidia mediante un low-mass impact sensor
No full text- …
