554 research outputs found
3-4 Listopada 1943. Erntefest. Zapomniany epizod Zagłady, red. W. Lenarczyk, D. Libionka, Państwowe Muzeum na Majdanku, Lublin 2009
No full textW 2009 roku na rynku książkowym ukazała się ważna publikacja traktująca o Zagładzie Żydów na Lubelszczyźnie pt. 3-4 listopada 1943. Erntefest. Zapomniany epizod Zagłady pod redakcją Dariusza Libionki oraz Wojciecha Lenarczyka, pracowników działu naukowego Państwowego Muzeum na Majdanku. Rzecz dotyczy istotnego epizodu Zagłady – wydarzeń, które miały miejsce w obozie koncentracyjnym na Majdanku oraz w obozach pracy w Trawnikach i Poniatowej w dniach 3-4 listopada 1943 r. Operacja oznaczona kryptonimem „Erntefest” (pol. dożynki) była etapem finalnym prowadzonej od wczesnej wiosny 1942 r. operacji „Reinhardt”. W ciągu zaledwie dwóch dni zamordowano wówczas ponad 42 tys. więźniów żydowskich. Publikacja wydana przez Państwowe Muzeum na Majdanku stanowi zbiór artykułów, których autorami są historycy zajmujący się zawodowo tematyką Holokaustu: Tomasz Kranz, Wojciech Lenarczyk, Piotr Weiser, Alina Skibińska, Witold Mędykowski, Ryszard Gicewicz, Dariusz Libionka, Robert Kuwałek, Jochen Böhler. Artykuł zgrabnie wyłuskuje z niej najciekawsze spostrzeżenia i wątki, przybliżając odbiorcy zagadnienia związane z Operacją „Dożynki”.In 2009, an important publication about the extermination of Jews in the Lublin region, entitled November 3-4, 1943. Erntefest. A forgotten episode of the Holocaust edited by Dariusz Libionka and Wojciech Lenarczyk, employees of the research department of the State Museum at Majdanek. It concerns a significant episode of the Holocaust – the events that took place in the concentration camp at Majdanek and in the labor camps in Trawniki and Poniatowa on November 3-4, 1943. The operation codenamed „Erntefest” (Polish harvest festival) was the final stage of the in the early spring of 1942, Operation Reinhardt. In just two days, more than 42,000 were murdered at that time. Jewish prisoners. The publication published by the State Museum at Majdanek is a collection of articles written by historians professionally dealing with the subject of the Holocaust: Tomasz Kranz, Wojciech Lenarczyk, Piotr Weiser, Alina Skibińska, Witold Mędykowski, Ryszard Gicewicz, Dariusz Libionka, Robert Kuwałek, and Jochen Böhler. The article neatly draws the most interesting observations and threads from it, introducing the recipient to the issues related to the Operation „Erntefest”
Patent Pledges in the Context of Polish Legal Institutions, with Special Emphasis on Licences of Right
No full textLegal monograph by Dr Gabriela Lenarczyk explores the fascinating world of patent pledges, a novel mechanism challenging traditional notions of patent exclusivity. As the first comprehensive analysis of patent pledges in Polish intellectual property law and the first monographic treatment of this topic in continental law globally, this work offers unique insights into an emerging trend in patent utilisation.The book systematically explores the evolving landscape of patent pledges, instruments by which patent holders voluntarily commit to limiting the enforcement or other exploitation of their patents. These pledges represent a significant departure from the conventional view of patents as tools for maintaining market exclusivity, instead promoting broader access to patented innovations.This work introduces the first civil-law definition of patent pledges, contributing to the global academic discourse on this topic. It provides a critical analysis of existing doctrine and case law related to patent pledges, examining their legal status within the Polish legal system and potential avenues for enforcement. The author also analyses them in comparison with the mechanism of licence of right, offering insights into how established legal frameworks might accommodate or parallel these new private initiatives.Set against the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic, which highlighted the critical importance of rapid innovation sharing, this book offers timely and relevant analysis for legal scholars, practitioners and policymakers grappling with the evolution of patent law in the 21st century. It bridges the gap between private ordering initiatives and formal legal structures, providing a roadmap for integrating these emerging practices into continental legal systems. The book concludes with concrete proposals for legal reforms that could enable licences of right to serve technology dissemination as effectively as patent pledges. This forward-looking approach makes the book an essential resource for anyone interested in the future of patent law and innovation policy.Patent Pledges in the Context of Polish Legal Institutions, with Special Empha-sis on Licences of Right is a legal monograph that explores the fascinating worldof patent pledges, a novel mechanism challenging traditional notions of patentexclusivity. As the first comprehensive analysis of patent pledges in Polish intel-lectual property law and the first monographic treatment of this topic in con-tinental law globally, this work offers unique insights into an emerging trend inpatent utilisation.The book systematically explores the evolving landscape of patent pledges,instruments by which patent holders voluntarily commit to limiting the enfor-cement or other exploitation of their patents. These pledges represent a signi-ficant departure from the conventional view of patents as tools for maintainingmarket exclusivity, instead promoting broader access to patented innovations.This work introduces the first civil-law definition of patent pledges, contri-buting to the global academic discourse on this topic. It provides a critical ana-lysis of existing doctrine and case law related to patent pledges, examining theirlegal status within the Polish legal system and potential avenues for enforcement.The author also analyses them in comparison with the mechanism of licence ofright, offering insights into how established legal frameworks might accommo-date or parallel these new private initiatives.Set against the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic, which highlighted thecritical importance of rapid innovation sharing, this book offers timely and rele-vant analysis for legal scholars, practitioners and policymakers grappling with theevolution of patent law in the 21st century. It bridges the gap between privateordering initiatives and formal legal structures, providing a roadmap for integra-ting these emerging practices into continental legal systems.The book concludes with concrete proposals for legal reforms that couldenable licences of right to serve technology dissemination as effectively as patentpledges. This forward-looking approach makes the book an essential resource foranyone interested in the future of patent law and innovation policy
Peri-procedural management, implantation feasibility, and short-term outcomes in patients undergoing implantation of leadless pacemakers: European Snapshot Survey
No full textThe aim of this European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) prospective snapshot survey is to assess procedural settings, safety measures, and short-term outcomes associated with implantation of leadless pacemakers (LLPM), across a broad range of tertiary European electrophysiology centres. An internet-based electronic questionnaire (30 questions) concerning implantation settings, peri-procedural routines, complications, and in-hospital patient outcomes was circulated to centres routinely implanting both LLPMs and transvenous pacemakers (TV-PM). The centres were requested to prospectively include consecutive patients implanted with either LLPMs or TV-PMs during the 10-week enrolment period. Overall, 21 centres from four countries enrolled 825 consecutive patients between November 2018 and January 2019, including 69 (9%) implanted with LLPMs. Leadless pacemakers were implanted mainly under local anaesthesia (69%), by an electrophysiologist (60%), in the electrophysiology laboratory (71%); 95% of patients received prophylactic antibiotics prior to implantation. Most patients on chronic oral anticoagulation were operated on-drug (35%), or during short-term (to 48 h) drug withdrawal (54%). Implantation was successful in 98% of patients and the only in-hospital procedure-related complication was groyne haematoma in one patient. This EHRA snapshot survey provides important insights into LLPM implantation routines and patient outcomes. These findings suggest that despite the unfavourable clinical profile of pacemaker recipients, LLPM implantation is associated with relatively low risk of complications and good short-term outcomes
Mobile health applications for managing atrial fibrillation for healthcare professionals and patients: A systematic review
No full textAims: A plethora of mobile health applications (m-health apps) to support healthcare are available for both patients and healthcare professionals (HCPs) but content and quality vary considerably and few have undergone formal assessment. The aim is to systematically review the literature on m-health apps for managing atrial fibrillation (AF) that examine the impact on knowledge of AF, patient and HCP behaviour, patients' quality-of-life, and user engagement. Methods and results: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and PsychInfo were searched from 1 January 2005 to 5 September 2019, with hand-searching of clinical trial registers and grey literature. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they reported changes in any of the following: (i) knowledge of AF; (ii) provider behaviour (e.g. guideline adherence); (iii) patient behaviour (e.g. medication adherence); (iv) patient quality-of-life; and (v) user engagement. Two reviewers independently assessed articles for eligibility. A narrative review was undertaken as included studies varied widely in their design, interventions, comparators, and outcomes. Seven studies were included; six m-health apps aimed at patients and one at HCPs. Mobile health apps ranged widely in design, features, and method of delivery. Four studies reported patient knowledge of AF; three demonstrated significant knowledge improvement post-intervention or compared to usual care. One study reported greater HCP adherence to oral anticoagulation guidelines after m-health app implementation. Two studies reported on patient medication adherence and quality-of-life; both showed improved quality-of-life post-intervention but only one observed increased adherence. Regarding user engagement, five studies reported patient perspectives on usability, three on acceptability, and one on feasibility; overall all m-health apps were rated positively. Conclusion: Mobile health apps demonstrate improvements in patient knowledge, behaviour, and quality of life. Studies formally evaluating the impact of m-health on HCP behaviour are scarce and larger-scale studies with representative patient cohorts, appropriate comparators, and longer-Term assessment of the impact of m-health apps are warranted
Zadośćuczynienie w razie śmierci osoby bliskiej : analiza prawnoporównawcza ustawodawstwa i praktyki orzeczniczej niektórych państw członkowskich Unii Europejskiej i Szwajcarii
No full textNiniejsza publikacja ma na celu zwięzłą analizę prawno-porównawczą uregulowań prawnych dotyczących zadośćuczynienia w razie śmierci osoby bliskiej w następujących państwach: Czechach, Danii, Francji, Grecji, Hiszpanii, Irlandii, Niemczech, Polsce, Portugalii, Szwajcarii, Szwecji, na Węgrzech i w Wielkiej Brytanii (Anglii, Walii i Irlandii Północnej). Artykuł zawiera zestawienie informacji o rozumieniu zadośćuczynienia jako pojęcia prawnego, kręgu osób legitymowanych, dostępnych środkach prawnych i kwotach orzekanych tytułem rekompensaty w poszczególnych państwach, a także przepisach proceduralnych. Wskazuje także na praktyczne aspekty dochodzenia roszczeń z tytułu zadośćuczynienia, w tym czas trwania postępowania oraz odsetek ugód, w aspekcie doświadczeń członków Pan-European Organisation of Personal Injury Lawyers. W podsumowaniu zawarto ocenę aktualnych polskich regulacji na tle omówionych jurysdykcji oraz sformułowano postulaty de lege ferenda wobec prac Ministerstwa Sprawiedliwości nad zmianą artykułu 446 § 4 Kodeksu cywilnego.This publication aims to briefly compare the legal regulations on non-pecuniary loss of close relatives of the following countries: Czech Republic, Denmark, England and Wales, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Northern Ireland, Poland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland, creating a compendium of information on the perception of non-pecuniary damage, entitled persons, legal recourses available as well as the amounts typically awarded. The article features insight on domestic procedures and practices provided by the members of the Pan-European Organisation of Personal Injury Lawyers, including their estimates of legal proceedings' lengths and settlement frequency levels. Conclusions are drawn as to the current Polish legislation compared to other European countries. The author offers de lege ferenda remarks in light of the Ministry of Justice's works on article 446 § 4 of the Polish Civil Code
Thermal barrier concepts against continuous laser irradiation
No full textRapid development in the high-power laser technology poses new requirements on the thermal protective
materials. Military laser applications have been characterized and the examples have been presented. Existing
materials, which may be used as a protection against high-energy laser beam, have been discussed. Several concepts
of the new thermal barrier materials have been proposed. The proposals include multilayer structures, porous
materials, systems with phase change materials (PCMs), and systems with various thermal contact resistance for
different contact pairs. Comparative study based on numerical simulation results has been performed to assess
efficiency of each proposal.
Three major candidate technologies were considered: the CO2 laser, the HF/DF chemical laser, and the Nd-glass
solid-state laser. The CO2 combustion driven gas laser was built in mid-seventies. Its power was 500 kW with the poor
beam quality. In the context of thermal protection against laser, high conductive material component in a complex
structure might be especially useful, since irradiated surface is usually limited to a small size
Wyniki eksploatacyjno-funkcjonalnych dwuletnich badań instalacji kolektorów fotowoltaicznych
No full textThe operating-functional research was conducted on a set of photovoltaic panels with power of 12.88 kW operating since June 2012. The economic and energetic analysis of the research stand and its practical suitability for a small family farm was performed in order to use the generated electricity to satisfy the farm’s current demands. The research results have shown that the amount of electricity generated by photovoltaic panels would be sufficient to cooperate with other renewable energy sources (e.g. power supply of heat pumps) collecting and processing heat from livestock buildings or ground heat exchangers to heat up tap water and buildings. In the period from June 2012 to June 2013 10480 kWh of electricity with an average production of 815.2 kWh annually was produced, and in the period from June 2013 to June 2014 11519 kWh of electricity with an average production of 959.9 kWh monthly was generated. The panel was inclined at 20° to the Earth’s axis and at 210° to the north (as per the compass rose: S-S-W direction).Przeprowadzono badania eksploatacyjno-funkcjonalne zespołu paneli fotowoltaicznych o mocy 12,88 kW pracującego od czerwca 2012 r. Przeprowadzono analizę ekonomiczno-energetyczną stanowiska oraz jego praktyczną przydatność do zastosowania w małym rodzinnym gospodarstwie rolnym w celu wykorzystania pozyskiwanej energii elektrycznej na bieżące potrzeby gospodarstwa. Wyniki badań wykazały, że ilość pozyskiwanej energii elektrycznej przy pomocy paneli fotowoltaicznej pozwoliłaby na współpracę z innymi źródłami energii odnawialnej - (np. zasilanie pompy ciepła), pozyskującej i przetwarzającej ciepło z budynków inwentarskich lub z wymienników gruntowych do produkcji ciepłej wody użytkowej i na ogrzewanie budynków. W okresie od czerwca 2012 r.do czerwca 2013 r. wyprodukowano 10480 kWh energii elektrycznej, ze średnią produkcją 815,2 kWh/rok. Natomiast w okresie od czerwca 2013 do czerwca 2014 wygenerowano 11519 kWh energii elektrycznej ze średnią 959,9 kWh miesięcznie. Nachylenie kolektora wynosiło 20° względem powierzchni ziemi, oraz 210° względem azymutu N (wg „róży wiatrów” kierunek S-S-W)
„The Life of Matvei Kozhemyakin” by Maxim Gorky: Reflecting on the Genre
No full textThe paper takes up the problem of the genre of Maxim Gorky’s novel/novella The Life of Matvei Kozhemyakin (1911). The author of the article finds the discussed work synthetic in terms of genre, indicating features of various genres (annals, saga, autobiography, several varieties of the novel, including historical, social, and family novel) which form in it a harmonious artistic whole. Following the interpretations of Jerzy Lenarczyk, Ivo Pospíšil and other scholars, the author of the article puts forward the family saga as the predominating generic component and emphasizes that “the family idea” (mysl semeinaia) influenced many of Gorky’s works and shaped their generic structure.В статье рассматривается проблема жанра повести/романа Максима Горького Жизнь Матвея Кожемякина (1911). Автор статьи считает жанр повести синтетическим, ибо в произведении обнаруживаются черты многих жанров, составивших единое художественное целое. В нeм можно отыскать родство с древними летописями/сказаниями, с дневником, а также с несколькими романными разновидностями: с историческим, общественно-бытовым и семейным романами. Вслед за Ежи Ленарчиком, Иво Поспишилом и др. исследователями, автор статьи считает жанровой доминантой произведения семейную хронику, так как во многих горьковских произведениях важное место занимала «семейная мысль», требующая соответствующего ей жанрового оформления
Integrated care for optimizing the management of stroke and associated heart disease: a position paper of the European Society of Cardiology Council on Stroke
No full textThe management of patients with stroke is often multidisciplinary, involving various specialties and healthcare professionals. Given the common shared risk factors for stroke and cardiovascular disease, input may also be required from the cardiovascular teams, as well as patient caregivers and next-of-kin. Ultimately, the patient is central to all this, requiring a coordinated and uniform approach to the priorities of post-stroke management, which can be consistently implemented by different multidisciplinary healthcare professionals, as part of the patient ‘journey’ or ‘patient pathway,’ supported by appropriate education and tele-medicine approaches. All these aspects would ultimately aid delivery of care and improve patient (and caregiver) engagement and empowerment. Given the need to address the multidisciplinary approach to holistic or integrated care of patients with heart disease and stroke, the European Society of Cardiology Council on Stroke convened a Task Force, with the remit to propose a consensus on Integrated care management for optimizing the management of stroke and associated heart disease. The present position paper summarizes the available evidence and proposes consensus statements that may help to define evidence gaps and simple practical approaches to assist in everyday clinical practice. A post-stroke ABC pathway is proposed, as a more holistic approach to integrated stroke care, would include three pillars of management:
• A: Appropriate Antithrombotic therapy.
• B: Better functional and psychological status.
• C: Cardiovascular risk factors and Comorbidity optimization (including lifestyle changes)
Clinical and subclinical acute brain injury caused by invasive cardiovascular procedures
No full textOver the past 50 years, the number and invasiveness of percutaneous cardiovascular procedures globally have increased substantially. However, cardiovascular interventions are inherently associated with a risk of acute brain injury, both periprocedurally and postprocedurally, which impairs medical outcomes and increases health-care costs. Current international clinical guidelines generally do not cover the area of acute brain injury related to cardiovascular invasive procedures. In this international Consensus Statement, we compile the available knowledge (including data on prevalence, pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical presentation and management) to formulate consensus recommendations on the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of acute brain injury caused by cardiovascular interventions. We also identify knowledge gaps and possible future directions in clinical research into acute brain injury related to cardiovascular interventions
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