696 research outputs found
Analogia mentis
No full textIl capitolo affronta alcuni problemi relativi al pensiero analogico e all'analogia come motore centrale dei processi cognitivi, fornendo una disamina approfondita del pensiero di Douglas Hofstadter in merito. Il capitolo è inoltre un tentativo di inquadrare le ricerca compiuta in questo campo da Douglas Hofstadter all'interno del quadro sempre in evoluzione delle scienze cognitive, fornendo alcune riflessioni epistemologiche in merito allo studio del sistema mente-cervello in relazione con i processi percettivi e rappresentativi che permettono la categorizzazione e le funzioni astrattive
Fluid concepts & creative analogies computer models of the fundamental mechanisms of thought
No full textSince 1977, Douglas R. Hofstadter and his graduate students at Indiana University and the University of Michigan have been developing computer models of discovery, creation, and analogical thought. What has emerged is a sophisticated and unorthodox vision of the mind in which perception, at an abstract level, is the key: perception of situations, of patterns, of patterns among patterns, even perception of one's perceptions. Fluid Concepts and Creative Analogies conveys this bold vision to a broad public as well as to cognitive scientistsTwo ideas pervade the research. One is that the key question to answer is "What is a concept?" This means understanding how concepts overlap and trigger one another, how their fluid boundaries come about, how they give rise to generalizations and analogies, and so on. The second idea is that mental activity is fundamentally parallel, with many tiny agents independently carrying out small "subcognitive" acts and collectively building up coherent mental structures. Such agents lie far above the neural level, yet far below the conscious level; the hypothetical level of the brain at which they reside thus constitutes a largely uncharted substrate for thought. With these intuitions as guides, Hofstadter and the members of the Fluid Analogies Research Group have developed computer models that operate in small but extraordinarily challenging domains: playful anagram and number puzzles, analogy puzzles involving letter strings or tabletop objects, and fanciful alphabetic stylesThese subtle ideas are spelled out with verve, charm, and clarity by Hofstadter and his co-workers in a series of chapters alternating with prefaces; the latter tie the projects together and give insight into their evolution. Readers of earlier works by Hofstadter will find this book a natural extension of his style and his ideas about creativity and analogy; in addition, psychologists, philosophers, and artificial-intelligence researchers will find in this elaborate web of ingenious ideas a deep and challenging new view of min
Fractional Chern Insulators in Harper-Hofstadter Bands with Higher Chern Number.
No full textThe Harper-Hofstadter model provides a fractal spectrum containing topological bands of any integer Chern number C. We study the many-body physics that is realized by interacting particles occupying Harper-Hofstadter bands with |C|>1. We formulate the predictions of Chern-Simons or composite fermion theory in terms of the filling factor ν, defined as the ratio of particle density to the number of single-particle states per unit area. We show that this theory predicts a series of fractional quantum Hall states with filling factors ν=r/(r|C|+1) for bosons, or ν=r/(2r|C|+1) for fermions. This series includes a bosonic integer quantum Hall state in |C|=2 bands. We construct specific cases where a single band of the Harper-Hofstadter model is occupied. For these cases, we provide numerical evidence that several states in this series are realized as incompressible quantum liquids for bosons with contact interactions
Translation Theory of Douglas Hofstadter
No full textBakalářská práce se zabývá překladovou teorií Douglase Hofstadtera, která je popsána v knize Le Ton beau de Marot: In Praise of the Music of Language, kde Douglas R. Hofstadter komentuje různé styly a přístupy různých lidí k překladu francouzské básně A une damoyselle malade. Zároveň také zmiňuje své zkušenosti a názory na překlad a svůj postup při překládání literatury na které se práce zaměřuje. Několik těchto překladů je v práci ukázáno a okomentováno. Nadále se práce zabývá převedením převedením básně A une damoyselle malade do českého jazyka, komentářem těchto překladů a zjišťováním, jestli lze převést všechny prvky původní básně do češtiny a jaké problémy to stěžují. Také je proveden a okomentován překlad vytvořený programem ChatGPT, aby byl ukázán pokrok překládacích programů. Nakonec se bude práce zabývat porovnáním překladových teorií Douglase R. Hofstadtera a Josepha L. Malona, kde budou zjišťovány jejich rozdíly a pro co se jaká teorie dá lépe využít.The bachelor thesis is focused on the translation theory of Douglas Hofstadter, which is presented in the book Le Ton beau de Marot: In Praise of the Music of Language, where Douglas R. Hosfstadter comments on various styles and approaches of numerous people on the translation of a French poem A une damoyselle malade. These approaches are explained further in the thesis. Douglas Hofstadter then talks about his experience and opinions about translation and his process of translating poetry, which the thesis also discusses. The thesis will than focus on the conversion of the poem A une damoyselle malade into Czech, commentary on these translations and whether it is possible to transfer all of the properties of the original poem into Czech and what problems make this transfer harder. There is also shown a commented on translation made by a program ChatGPT to show the advancement of translation programs. At the end, the thesis will focus on comparison of translations theories of Douglas R. Hofstadter and Joseph L. Malone, their differences and what each of the translation theories is more suited for.
Douglas R. Hofstadter, Le ton beau de Marot : In praise of the music of language
No full textArleo Andy. Douglas R. Hofstadter, Le ton beau de Marot : In praise of the music of language. In: Cahiers de l'APLIUT, volume 17, numéro 4, 1998. pp. 79-81
Models of the Hofstadter type
No full textSpectra and eigenfunctions of discrete hamiltonians are computed using algebraic, analytic and numerical tools. In particular we consider the Hofstadter and the Second Neighbor Square Lattice model, the Triangular Lattice model in an inhomogenous magnetic field, the Doubly-discrete Quantum Pendulum and the Honeycomb model. Qualitative properties of the spectra are related to symmetries. Semiclassical analysis in the algebraic setting for the Doubly-discrete Quantum Pendulum is shown to match numerical results well. The connection to integrable models is mentioned. (orig.)Available from TIB Hannover: RR 1596(209) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman
Gödel, Escher, Bach: an eternal golden braid
No full textDouglas Hofstadter\u27s book is concerned directly with the nature of maps or links between formal systems. However, according to Hofstadter, the formal system that underlies all mental activity transcends the system that supports it. If life can grow out of the formal chemical substrate of the cell, if consciousness can emerge out of a formal system of firing neurons, then so too will computers attain human intelligence. Gödel, Escher, Bach is a wonderful exploration of fascinating ideas at the heart of cognitive science: meaning, reduction, recursion, and much more.https://commons.library.stonybrook.edu/library_books/1000/thumbnail.jp
Hofstadter spectrum in a semiconductor moir\'e lattice
No full textRecently, the Hofstadter spectrum of a twisted
heterobilayer has been observed in experiment [C. R. Kometter, et al.
Nat.Phys.19, 1861 (2023)], but the origin of Hofstadter states remains unclear.
Here, we present a comprehensive theoretical interpretation of the observed
Hofstadter states by calculating its accurate Hofstadter spectrum. We point out
that the valley Zeeman effect, a unique feature of the transition metal
dichalcogenide (TMD) materials, plays a crucial role in determining the shape
of the Hofstadter spectrum, due to the narrow bandwidth of the moir\'e bands.
This is distinct from the graphene-based moir\'e systems. We further predict
that the Hofstadter spectrum of the moir\'e flat band, which was not observed
in experiment, can be observed in the same system with a larger twist angle
. Our theory paves the way for further
studies of the interplay between the Hofstadter states and correlated insulting
states in such moir\'e lattice systems.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure
On Some Properties of the Hofstadter–Mertens Function
No full textMany mathematicians have been interested in the study of recursive sequences. Among them, a class of “chaotic” sequences are named “meta-Fibonacci sequences.” The main example of meta-Fibonacci sequence was introduced by Hofstadter, and it is called the Q-sequence. Recently, Alkan–Fox–Aybar and the author studied the pattern induced by the connection between the Q-sequence and other known sequences. Here, we continue this program by studying a “Mertens’ version” of the Hofstadter sequence, defined (for x>0) by x↦∑n≤xμnQn, where µ(n) is the Möbius function. In particular, as we shall see, this function encodes many interesting properties which relate prime numbers to “meta-sequences”
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