1,720,974 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Regarding “the safety, efficacy, and pharmacoeconomics of low-dose alteplase compared with urokinase for catheter-directed thrombolysis of arterial and venous occlusions”
No full textWe read with interest the article by Sugimoto et al (J Vasc Surg 2003;37:512-7) reporting that continuous overnight infusion of low-dose tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) combined with subtherapeutic dosage of heparin is equally efficacious and safe compared with urokinase for treatment of arterial occlusive disease and deep vein thrombosis. We would like to point out that both of these diseases and the effect of anticoagulant therapy demonstrate significant temporal variation, which should not be overlooked in planning studies and interpreting their results. Like many other acute cardiovascular events, acute arterial occlusion of the limbs and pulmonary embolism exhibit a circadian pattern of occurrence, with higher incidence in the morning. This morning excess appears to be related to increased platelet aggregability and reduced endogenous fibrinolysis during this time. Opposite circadian patterns, characterized by lower levels of tissue-type plasminogen- activator and higher values of t-PA and higher values of t-PA inhibitor-1, with variations up to 250%, have been reported. On the other hand, circadian changes in anticoagulant effect of heparin, even when infused intravenously at a constant rate, have been reported. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), thrombin time (TT), and coagulation factor Xa inhibition assay achieve maximal values at night, with differences between night and morning values of almost 50% for aPTT, 60% for TT, and 40% for factor Xa inhibition assay. As a consequence, a constant dose could have poor effects in the morning and enhance the risk for bleeding at night. A morning increase in resistance to thrombolysis performed to treat acute myocardial infarction has also been reported with both intracoronary urokinase and intravenous t-PA. In light of these data, it appears that, in comparing the efficacy and safety of various thrombolytic therapies, an imbalance in onset time of the event or time of administration of anticoagulant or fibrinolytic agent could justify possible differences in clinical outcome. Tailoring thrombolytic therapy and adjusting dosages according to the high-risk time of onset of acute events could lead to better results in providing patency, reduced dosages during low-risk times, and less adverse hemorrhagic effects, and save drugs and money, as well
Influence of circadian rhythm on mortality after myocardial infarction: data from a prospective cohort of emergency calls
No full textAbstract: Myocardial infarction (MI) occurs more frequently in the morning as a result of the concomitant unfavorable timing of several physiological parameters and/or biochemical conditions. However, little is known about the possible influence of this circadian pattern on prognosis. To evaluate whether the time of symptom onset could potentially influence mortality from acute MI, this prospective study considered all consecutive MIs admitted to the ED of Ferrara, Italy, after a call to the Emergency Coordinating Unit from January 1, 1998, to December 31, 2001. The total sample consisted of 442 MIs (mean age, 68.7 years; males, 72%). Eighty patients (males, 82.5%) died in the ED; the remaining 362 were admitted to the hospital. Of these, 50 (males, 60%) died during their hospital stay. Based on the timing of their symptom onset, cases were categorized both into 24 1-hour intervals and four 6-hour intervals (midnight to 5:59 AM, 6:00 AM to 11:59 AM, noon to 5:59 PM, and 6:00 PM to 11:59 PM), and the circadian distributions of fatal versus nonfatal MIs were compared. The circadian variation of MI peaked between 6:00 Am and noon (P < .001), and in this period, there was a trend toward a higher frequency of fatal cases (41.5% vs. 35.2%; x(2) = 1.911, P = .167). To verify whether this higher frequency of fatal events in the morning hours could be related to possible higher severity of cases observed in that hours, a further separate analysis considering age, infarct site, and peak levels of MB was made. Again, no significant temporal differences among the four 6-hour intervals were found between fatal and nonfatal Mis, although a trend toward older age was observed in morning MIs. Not only the frequency, but also the mortality, of acute MI could be increased in the morning hours. This could be of practical interest for emergency doctors and could have significant implications for acute treatment, because several studies have reported a lowered efficacy of thrombolytic drugs in the morning hours
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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