1,720,962 research outputs found
FREE AND CUED SELECTIVE RECALL REMINDING TEST (FCSRT): STANDARDIZZAZIONE ITALIANA ED APPLICAZIONE IN UNA COORTE DI SOGGETTI CON MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT (MCI)
Full text linkAbstract
Background
The presence of episodic memory impairment is required for the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s dementia by all current diagnostic criteria. The new research criteria proposed by Dubois et al. (Lancet Neurol 6:734–746, 2007) require that the impairment should not improve significantly
with cueing, recognition testing nor after the control of effective encoding. This is considered to be the core deficit of ‘‘prodromal Alzheimer’s disease’’. The Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT) is a memory test that allows in assessing these specific features of memory impairment. FCSRT has been proposed as a sensitive marker of the “hippocampal memory deficit” of early Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) (B. Dubois et al. Lancet Neurol 2010; 9:1118-1127).
The aims of this research are:
1) To develop an italian version of the FCSRT and standardize normative data in a sample composed by 227 adult italians homogeneously distributed by age, sex and education (Part 1).
2) To assess the construct validity of FCSRT, in terms of convergent and divergent validity (Part 2).
3) To assess diagnostic accurancy of the FCSRT in a sample composed by Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) affected subjects (Part 3).
Part 1
(P. Frasson et al. Neurological Sciences 2011; DOI 10.1007/s10072-011-0607-3)
We report normative data for an Italian version of the FCSRT. The test is based on the 12 pictorial stimuli, 6 belonging to the living domain, and 6 to the nonliving domain. Six scores were derived from the performance of 227 healthy Italian adults, with age, sex and education homogenously distributed across subgroups: immediate free recall (IFR), immediate total recall (ITR), delayed-free recall (DFR), delayed total recall (DTR), Index of Sensitivity of Cueing (ISC), number of intrusions. In multiple regression analyses, age emerged as an influencing factor for both IFR and DFR, with older people obtaining lower scores. Education and gender appear to influence only IFR, with better performance by more educated subjects and females. Adjusted scores were used to determine inferential cutoff scores and to compute equivalent scores.
Part 2
To assess its construct validity, the FCSRT was administered to 146 community-dwelling (females 57.5% , age 73 ± 7.8 yrs; education 8.8 ± 4.2 yrs) subjects with memory complaints attending two memory clinics (from the L. Sacco Hospital and the IRCCS S. Raffaele). Following both clinical and neuropsychological examination, the study population consisted of 15 patients with mild AD, 80 subjects with MCI, including 12 amnestic MCI, 27 non-amnestic MCI, 41 multiple domain MCI, and 51 subjects with Subjective Memory Impairment. To assess convergent validity five FCSRT scores (IFR, ITR, DFR, DTR) and ISC) were correlated with two episodic memory tests: Story Recall (SR) and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning test immediate (I-RAVLT) and delayed (D-RAVLT) scores. To assess divergent validity a factor analysis was performed including, in addition to the above mentioned memory tasks, the following tests: Raven Coloured Progressive Matrices, both semantic and phonemic fluencies, Rey complex figure copy, Stroop test, and trail making test (part A and B). All FCSRT scores were correlated with SR, I-RAVLT and D-RAVLT scores (Pearson’s r equal to or major of 0.45 in all cases, with p < 0.0001). Free immediate (IFR vs. I-RAVLT) and delayed (DFR vs. D-RAVLT) recall measures were highly correlated (respectively r = 0.60 and r = 0.71). The factor analysis (principal component analysis with varimax rotation) identified three factors (memory, verbal fluency, executive functions), with all the FCSRT scores loading only on the memory factor.
To our knowledge, this is the first study specifically designed to assess the construct validity of the FCSRT. Our results demonstrate that FCSRT is highly correlated with other routinely used memory tests and that it is independent from language and executive tasks. Overall these findings support the construct validity of the FCSRT as a memory measure.
Part 3
To examine the diagnostic accuracy of FCSRT in predicting the progression of MCI to dementia (DSM IV criteria) 108 MCI consecutive patients from the L. Sacco Hospital were followed-up for an average of 14.9 4.42 months. Twenty-six (24%) out of 108 MCI subjects progressed to dementia, including 19 AD cases. These subjects were older at baseline (76.65 vs. 73.33 yrs; p= 0.037) and had lower Minimental State Examination (MMSE) score (24.62 ± 2.64 vs. 25.98 ± 2.42; p=0.016) as compared to non-converters. Moreover the proportion of subjected with spared Instrumental Actvities of Daily Living (IADL) was lower among converters as compared to non-converters (42.3% vs. 69.1%; p= 0.016). At baseline all the FCSRT subscores (IFR, ITR, DFR, DTR,ISC) were statistically significant lower in the MCI group who progressed to dementia, as compared to non-converters (26 vs 82). The ROC analysis showed that the sensitivity and specificity of the FCSRT cut-off subscores were as follow: IFR 69% and 60% , ITR 65% and 66%, DFR 81% and 66%, DTR 62% and 80%, ISC 65% and 68%. The multivariate analysis, adjusted for demographic variables, MMSE score, IADL score and MCI subtypes showed that the risk of progression from MCI to dementia was associated with the pathological score of DFR (OR 8.68; 95% CI 1.26-59.96), loss of autonomy measured by the IADL (OR 4.56; 95% CI 1.35-15.47), increasing age (OR 1.13: 95% CI 1.01-1.25) and the decline of the ISC score (OR 0.001; 95% CI 0.00-0.47).
We conclude that the FCSRT is useful tool in predicting progression of MCI to dementia
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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