1,721,009 research outputs found
Strumenti e modelli per la gestione digitale del patrimonio costruito
No full textLarge building stocks’ management, conservation, and renovation processes must consider a
complex requirement framework. On the one hand, asset managers have to maintain and improve
the physical characteristics of buildings constantly; on the other hand, they need to allow their
compatibility with the functional, environmental, and economic issues that change over time.
Deep knowledge of built assets is the fundamental premise for their sustainable development.
This knowledge needs to be well structured, made usable through shared languages, exchanged
between multiple actors and between various life cycle phases, for various uses and in an interoperable
manner. In recent years, the digital transition introduced new paradigms to open new
scenarios in building information management. However, the accessibility to building data for
non-digital experts still represents a barrier to the digital revolution of the sector.
This paper defines and tests a method for data acquisition, structuring, sharing, and visualizing on
a selected listed building belonging to the University of Bologna. Based on the service-oriented
five-dimensional digital twin model proposed by the literature in the manufacturing field, the
method consists of four main steps; these are the development of an ontological data model, the
realization of information templates, the collection and elaboration of building information, and
the design of a data visualization environment.
Prototypes of visualization dashboards, designed to support administrators in building energy
management, are provided. They allow the handlers to monitor energy consumption over time
and compare different intervention strategies for the energy improvement of the building in terms
of life cycle costs, showing that not the most expensive intervention solution is the cheapest during
the intervention lifetime
Il paradigma del gemello digitale per la gestione prestazionale del patrimonio costruito. The Digital Twin Paradigm for the Performance-based Management of Built Heritage
No full textBuilding management has become a significant issue in recent years. Many outdated buildings built in
the 20th century need daily upgrades and improvements related to safety, operation, and maintenance,
involving high costs and impacts. Nevertheless, building management practices are only sometimes
equipped to effectively address the complexity of the contemporary requirement framework, often
facing challenges such as lack of expertise and coordination, financial limitations, poor information,
and scarce data visualisation tools. The digital transition of the Architecture, Engineering, Construction
and Operation (AECO) sector presents an opportunity to solve these issues. In particular, the Digital
Twin (DT) paradigm has been emerging in recent years since, integrating different technologies,
it can improve building operations and support asset managers in decision-making by giving reliable
estimations and predictions about building performance. This paper illustrates a new framework for
including the performance dimension in digital built asset management, focusing on the operation
phase of existing buildings. Based on a service-oriented DT model, this framework guides the development
of a DT platform prototype combining Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Building
Performance Simulation (BPS) data collected from a case study belonging to the University of Bologna,
Italy. Information is structured according to a specific methodological approach to drive future
sensor data integration in the platform
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Sustainable density : form, built environment, energy = Densità sostenibile : forma, ambiente costruito, energia
Full text linkCotutela Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya i Università degli Studi di Roma La SapienzaThis research aims at exploring meanings, qualities and analytical abilities of density concept and its potential interpretations in architecture and sustainability fields. Despite the growing unsustainability of today's city facing an effective energy and environmental crisis, recent statistics have confirmed the increasing attractive power of metropolitan areas. Within the context of European compact city, new building models based on energy conservation principles account for an insignificant percentage compared to the great mass of existing city whose functioning remarkably affects the inefficiency of the whole metropolitan system. Therefore an approach determining design instruments and methods at urban and architectural scale must be found in order to set out conditions more appropriate to the compact city. At this analysis stage, the relationship between energy and form takes a central role in the variation of energy performances; at the same time the concept of density has showed the ability to describe the morphological performances of the built form. The general aim of the present research is to determine the relationships among built-form, energy and urban fabrics by the density parameter in compact city with Mediterranean climate. This research is composed by four interconnected parts. The first one examines the relationship among current urban and energy dynamics to comprehend the role and contribution of the building industry in the light of the scientific progress and the implementation of present operational and regulatory instruments. The second one investigates
role and evolution of the density concept as parameter, design instrument and basis of theoretical categories, especially referring to interactions with urban form and sustainability. In the third part the analytical and interpretative abilities of density are employed in order to prove the environmental implications and verify the existence of interactions among urban sustainability indicators and density. Finally, the fourth part enquires into the relationships among form, building, density and energy set up in the compact fabrics in Rome and Barcelona by models and simulations in order to control the main formal, building and energy factors parametrically. The influence of urban morphology, built-form and constructive features on solar access and energy demand for conditioning are shown by different density indicators that are the more suitable to express reliable trends. Firstly results point out that the contribution of the built environment to the complex energy issue arisen by metropolitan systems must be focused on the reduction of the demand - even before on the consumption and impact - operating with multi-scale instruments and methods for the transformation of existing city. The density has a preferred role in the relationship between sustainability and form thanks to its interpretative skills and meanings undertaken as theoretical and design category. At the metropolitan scale, urban quality indicators and density do not always show evident relationships with energy and environmental implications. Built-form typology and constructive features are the main factors that occur on energy performances variation of urban fabrics. The investigation of these kind of performances by density parameters leads to the comprehension of the different energy behavior in each urban texture, offering a contribution to the energy analysis at urban scale. Methodology and the defined parameters of density show themselves as knowledge base for aware transformations of Mediterranean compact city as well as applications in other urban contexts both for existing and new constructions.La ricerca esplora significati, proprietà e capacità analitiche del concetto di densità e delle sue possibili interpretazioni nell’ambito dell’architettura e della sostenibilità. Il suo obiettivo è la determinazione di relazioni tra costruito, energia e forma dei tessuti urbani della città compatta mediterranea ricorrendo alla densità quale parametro utile a decifrarne le specificità. A dispetto della sempre maggiore insostenibilità della città odierna, di fronte alla crisi energetica ed ambientale in atto, recenti statistiche hanno confermato il crescente potere attrattivo delle aree metropolitane. Nel contesto della città compatta europea, i nuovi modelli insediativi basati su principi di risparmio energetico rappresentano una percentuale insignificante rispetto alla città esistente che, nel funzionare, incide notevolmente sull’inefficienza dell’intero sistema metropolitano. In questo quadro, potrebbe essere risolutivo identificare un approccio che individui strumenti e metodi progettuali alla scala urbana piuttosto che a quella architettonica, utili a
definire condizioni più appropriate e realmente incisivi per la città compatta. Se riferito in primo luogo a tale scala il rapporto tra energia e forma assume un ruolo centrale sulla variazione delle prestazioni energetiche; allo stesso tempo il concetto di densità appare un’efficace strumento di analisi delle prestazioni morfologiche del costruito. La ricerca si compone di cinque parti. La prima analizza la condizione odierna delle dinamiche
urbane ed energetiche, per comprendere ruolo e contributo dell’edilizia alla luce dell’avanzamento del pensiero scientifico e degli strumenti operativi disponibili. La seconda affronta il significato e l’evoluzione del concetto di densità quale parametro di misura, strumento progettuale e fondamento teorico, facendo riferimento in particolare alle interazioni con la forma urbana e la sostenibilità. Nella terza si utilizzano le capacità
analitiche della densità per comprovare le implicazioni ambientali e verificare l’esistenza di leggi di dipendenza tra indicatori di sostenibilità urbana e densità. La quarta pone le basi per la comprensione delle relazioni tra densità ed energia alla scala urbana. La quinta parte, infine, indaga tali relazioni nei tessuti compatti di Roma e Barcellona declinandole in termini di caratteri formali e costruttivi, con l’ausilio di modellazioni e simulazioni strutturate allo scopo di controllare i corrispondenti fattori. S’illustra l’influenza di morfologia urbana e caratteri tipologico-costruttivi su guadagno solare e domanda energetica per riscaldamento e climatizzazione, individuando per mezzo di differenti definizioni d’indicatori di densità, i più adeguati ad esprimere con queste leggi di variazione affidabili. I risultati evidenziano che il contributo dell’edilizia alla complessa questione energetica posta dai sistemi metropolitani deve concentrarsi sulla riduzione della domanda - ancor prima che su consumo e impatto - operando con strumenti e metodi interscalari per la trasformazione della città esistente. La densità ha un ruolo privilegiato nel rapporto forma-sostenibilità per capacità interpretative e significati assunti quale categoria teorica e progettuale. A scala metropolitana, indicatori di sostenibilità urbana e densità non sempre mostrano chiare relazioni con le implicazioni ambientali ed energetiche. Morfologia, tipologia e aspetti costruttivi sono i fattori che più
intervengono sulla variazione delle prestazioni energetiche dei tessuti urbani. Analizzarli mediante parametri di densità conduce alla comprensione del diverso comportamento energetico, fornendo un contributo agli strumenti d’indagine a scala urbana e favorendo una connotazione più efficiente del costruito riconducibile alla dimensione della densità sostenibile. Il metodo e gli strumenti individuati si offrono come base di conoscenza per
trasformazioni consapevoli della città compatta mediterraneaEl presente estudio indaga significados, propiedad y capacidad analíticas del concepto de densidad y de su posible interpretación en el ámbito de la arquitectura y de la sostenibilidad. El principal objetivo es determinar las relaciones entre ambiente construido, energía y forma de los tejidos urbanos recurriendo a la densidad como parámetro útil para descifrar sus especificidades de la ciudad compacta mediterránea. A pesar de una siempre mayor insostenibilidad de la ciudad actual, frente a la crisis energética y ambiental en curso, estadísticas recientes han confirmado el creciente poder atractivo de las metrópolis. En el contexto de la ciudad europea, los modelos de asentamiento actuales, basados en principios de ahorro energético, constituyen un porcentaje insignificante frente a la ciudad existente que, funcionando, grava notablemente en consumo el sistema metropolitano. En esta situación, podría ser resolutivo identificar un acercamiento que identifique herramientas y métodos para el proyecto a escala urbana, que sean útiles para definir condiciones más apropiadas y sean realmente eficaces para la ciudad compacta. Si se refiere en primer lugar a dicha escala, la relación entre energía y forma asume una función central para la variabilidad de la prestación energética; al mismo tiempo el concepto de densidad parece una herramienta eficaz para analizar las prestaciones morfológicas del ambiente construido. La investigación se compone de cinco partes. La primera analiza las dinámicas urbanas y energéticas actuales, para entender capacidad y contribución de la construcción a la luz del avance del pensamiento científico y de las herramientas disponibles. La segunda trata el significado y la evolución del concepto de densidad como parámetro de medida, herramienta del proyecto y origen teórico de la arquitectura, con particular referencia a las interacciones con la forma urbana y la sostenibilidad. En la tercera se utilizan las capacidades analíticas de la densidad para comprobar las repercusiones ambientales y verificar la existencia de leyes de dependencia entre indicadores de sostenibilidad urbana y densidad. La cuarta explica las relaciones entre densidad y energía a la escala urbana. La quinta, finalmente, estudia estas relaciones en los tejidos compactos de Roma y Barcelona, explicándolas en función de forma i construcción, con el auxilio de modelos y simulaciones. Se muestra la influencia de la morfología urbana y las características tipológicas y constructivas sobre la captación solar y la demanda energética por calefacción y climatización, individualizando entre diferentes indicadores de densidad los más apropiados para representar tendencias fiables. Los resultados prueban que la contribución de la construcción a la compleja cuestión energética tiene que basarse en la reducción de la demanda - antes que del consumo y del impacto - utilizando herramientas y métodos multi-escalares para la transformación de la ciudad existente. La densidad tiene una función privilegiada en la relación forma-sostenibilidad que depende de sus capacidades analíticas y significados en calidad de categoría teórica y del proyecto. A escala metropolitana, los indicadores de sostenibilidad urbana y densidad no siempre muestran una relación clara con las repercusiones ambientales y energéticas. Morfología, tipología y aspectos constructivos son los factores que más influyen sobre la variación de la prestación energética de los tejidos urbanos. Analizarlos recurriendo a parámetros de densidad, lleva a entender el diferente comportamiento energético, contribuye a las investigaciones a escala urbana y favorece la eficiencia del ambiente construido, con lo cual se reconduce el análisis al concepto de densidad sostenible. La metodología y las herramientas individualizadas se ofrecen como base de conocimiento para orientar las transformaciones de la ciudad compacta mediterránea.DOCTORAT EN ÀMBITS DE RECERCA EN L'ENERGIA I EL MEDI AMBIENT A L'ARQUITECTURA (Pla 2007
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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