189 research outputs found
Incorporación de aceites poliinsaturados, alfatocoferol y minerales en pienso: Efectos sobre la composición y oxidación lipídica de plasma, hígado y carne de conejo
No full text[spa] En la presente Tesis Doctoral se estudió el efecto de la incorporación de aceites poliinsaturados, α-tocoferol y minerales en piensos sobre la composición en ácidos grasos, el contenido en α-tocoferol, la oxidación (índice del ATB) y la susceptibilidad a la oxidación (método inducido del naranja de xylenol) de plasma, hígado y carne de conejo. También se estudiarion los efectos de la cocción y la conservación a refrigeración de la carne cocida sobre estos parámetros. En un primer estudio se ensayaron diferentes dosis y tipos (girasol y linaza) de grasas en pienso, y la suplementación de la dieta con AT (100 mg/kg). Dosis y tipo de aceite, así como la suplementación con AT modificaron la composición en AG de plasma, hígado y carne, tanto por incorporación de AG de la dieta, como por modificación de la biosíntesis de ciertos AG. También alteraron la oxidación (índice del ATB) y la susceptibilidad a la oxidación (índice del naranja de xilenol o FOX) de plasma, hígado y carne de conejo. Cocción y refrigeración produjeron incrementos en la oxidación de la carne, que fueron menores tras suplementar las dietas con AT, siendo esto menos efectivo cuando los piensos contenían un 3% de linaza. El contenido en α-tocoferol del plasma fue indictivo del contenido en α-tocoferol de hígado y carne, y de su estado oxidativo. La cocción y la refrigeración de la carne cocida implicaron una pérdida de α-tocoferol y un incremento en la oxidación de la carne. La evaluación de la susceptibilidad a la oxidación mediante el método inducido del naranja de xilenol fue un buen predictor de la oxidación alcanzada tras la cocción. Entre los tratamientos estudiados, el que ofreció una composición en AG nutricionalmente más favorable y una mejor estabilidad oxidativa fue el que contenía 1,5% de linaza y 100 mg/kg de AT. En el segundo estudio se ensayaron diferentes niveles de oxidación en el aceite añadido a los piensos (sin oxidar, alto contenido en compuestos de oxidación primaria, y alto contenido en compuestos de oxidación secundaria), y la suplementación con AT y con Zn. La incorporación de aceites oxidados a los piensos no modificó de forma sustancial la composición en AG de plasma, hígado y carne de conejo, ni su oxidación. Sin embargo, cuando el aceite presentaba un alto contenido en compuestos de oxidación primaria, se redujo el contenido en αT en ellos, y aumentó la oxidabilidad en carne de conejo. Ésta fue reducida por la suplementación con AT, pero de forma menos efectiva cuando el aceite del pienso presentaba un alto contenido en compuestos de oxidación primaria. El contenido en Zn, Fe o Se en la carne no se modificó por los factores estudiados, pero la suplementación con Zn redujo en contenido en Cu en la carne, aunque esto no afectó a su oxidación. Tal como sucedió en el primer estudio, la cocción y la refrigeración aumentaron la oxidación en la carne, pero los valores de ATB alcanzados fueron menores que en el primer estudio. La evaluación de la susceptibilidad a la oxidación en carne cruda mediante el método inducido del naranja de xilenol fue indicativa de la oxidación alcanzada en la carne tras la cocción.[eng] The effects of the addition of different doses and sources (sunflower and linseed oil) of polyunsaturated oils to rabbit feeds, as well as the dietary supplementation with α-tocopheryl acetate (TA) on the fatty acid composition, the α-tocopherol content, the oxidation (TBA value) and the susceptibility to oxidation (FOX value) of rabbit plasma, liver and meat were assessed. The fatty acid composition of rabbit plasma, liver and meat was modified by the dose and source of oil added to feeds, and the dietary supplementation with TA, both by direct incorporation of fatty acids from diets and by the modification of some biosynthetic pathways. Also, liver and meat oxidation and susceptibility to oxidation were altered. Cooking and refrigeration of cooked meat decreased its α-tocoferol content and increased its TBA value. This increase was lower in meats from TA supplemented diets. From the studied diets, the 1.5% linseed oil (plus 1.5% animal fat) and 100 mg/kg of TA was the diet that produced meat with a more nutritionally favorable fatty acid composition and a better oxidative stability. In a second study, the effects of the addition of oils with a different oxidation level (not oxidized, high content of primary oxidation compounds or high content of secondary oxidation compounds) to rabbit feeds on the fatty acid composition, α-tocopherol content, oxidation (TBA value) and susceptibility to oxidation (FOX value) were assessed. Also, the effects of the dietary supplementation with TA and zinc were assessed. The incorporation of oxidized oils to feeds did not substantially alter the fatty acid composition of rabbit plasma, liver and meat, but when oil presented a high content of primary oxidation compounds it led to a reduced α-tocopherol content in rabbit plasma, liver and meat, as well as to an increase in meat susceptibility to oxidation. This was reduced by the dietary supplementation with TA, but it was less effective than when the oil added to feeds was not oxidized or contained a high content of secondary oxidation compounds
From fly ashes of lignocellulose waste combustion to sustainable activated carbons for VOCs removal
No full textThe rapid expansion of global industrial activities, combined with population growth, has significantly intensified the exploitation of natural resources and driven up energy demand, leading to the generation of large amounts of diverse waste materials (Xing et al., 2023; Yang et al., 2025). In order to address these challenges, there is an increasing need to shift from traditional linear economy models towards more sustainable practices. The circular economy offers a promising alternative, emphasizing the reduction, reuse, and recycling of waste materials to promote resource sustainability (Cabrera-Codony et al., 2021; Moustakas and Loizidou, 2022) [...]The financial support for this work was provided by the PRI-Asturias, cofinanced with FEDER funds under the Projects PC07-15 and PC10-39. Alba Cabrera-Codony acknowledges Agencia Estatal de Investigación of the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MCIU) for partially funding this research through the Juan de la Cierva fellowship (IJC2019-038874-I). LEQUIA has been recognized as “consolidated research group” (Ref 2021 SGR1352) by the Generalitat de Catalunya Agencia de Gestio d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca. The authors thank the Spanish paper biofactory, ENCE-Navia, for providing the samples.Peer reviewe
Biochar-based polymeric film as sustainable and efficient sorptive phase for preconcentration of steroid hormones in environmental waters and wastewaters
No full textSewage biogas efficient purification by means of lignocellulosic waste-based activated carbons
No full textThe present paper evaluates the efficiency of sustainable activated carbons obtained from the valorization of lignocellulosic waste in removing siloxanes and volatile organic compounds for the purification of anaerobic digester biogas. Pyrolized and non-pyrolized lignocellulosic residues generated in food and wood industries were used as precursor materials to obtain experimental adsorbents by a chemical activation process using several activating agents. The highest porosity was obtained by non-pyrolized residue activated by K2CO3 at 900 °C. The performance of the experimental materials was compared with that of commercial activated carbons in gas adsorption tests of siloxanes (octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane and hexamethyldisiloxane) and volatile organic compounds (toluene and limonene). The waste-based activated carbons developed in this work proved to be more efficient for the removal of both siloxanes and VOCs than the commercial samples in most of the conditions tested. Adsorption capacities correlated with porosity, while the more relevant pore size depends on the adsorbateThis work was funded by MINECO – Spain (CTQ2014-53718-R) co-funded by FEDER
and University of Girona. Eric Santos-Clotas thanks Universitat de Girona for his
predoctoral grant (IFUdG-2015/51). Alba Cabrera-Codony acknowledges support from
the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the
Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 712949 (TECNIOspring PLUS) and from
the Agency for Business Competitiveness of the Government of Catalonia (TECSPR16-
1-0045). LEQUIA has been recognized as consolidated research group by the Catalan
Government (2017-SGR-1552
Evaluation of total hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol in extra virgin olive oils
No full textOlive oil phenolic compounds have been correlated to several health benefits. Nevertheless, the use of such information for commercial purposes was forbidden until 2006, when a European Regulation on health claims in food products was enacted (Reg. 1924/2006). In the case of olive oil, Regulation 432/2012 states that the health effect can be claimed only if the oil contains more than 5 mg of hydroxytyrosol and its derivatives (e.g., oleuropein complex and tyrosol) in 20 g of oil. The present work deals with the optimization of a method for performing hydrolysis after the extraction of polyphenols from olive oil was optimized, followed by derivatization and gas chromatographic analysis. The derivatization step was carefully optimized comparing different reagents and testing their efficiency, both on a standard solution and in a real sample conveniently spiked. Some commercial samples were analyzed and the results compared with the total amount of polyphenols calculated according the recommended method reported by the International Olive Council. A good correlation was obtained between the two methods (higher than 0.900)
Regeneration of siloxane-exhausted activated carbon by advanced oxidation processes
No full textIn the context of the biogas upgrading, siloxane exhausted activated carbons need to be regenerated in order to avoid them becoming a residue. In this work, two commercial activate carbons which were proved to be efficient in the removal of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) from biogas, have been regenerated through advanced oxidation processes using both O3 and H2O2.After the treatment with O3, the activated carbon recovered up to 40% of the original adsorption capacity while by the oxidation with H2O2 the regeneration efficiency achieved was up to 45%. In order to enhance the H2O2 oxidation, activated carbon was amended with iron. In this case, the regeneration efficiency increased up to 92%This work was funded by Ministerio de Innovacion y Ciencia (MICINN) (SIRENA CTQ2011-24114). A. Cabrera-Codony thanks Generalitat de Catalunya DEC for her predoctoral grant (2013FI_B1 00054). R. Gonzalez-Olmos also wants to thank MICINN for his Juan de la Cierva fellowship (JCI-2010-07104). LEQUIA has been recognized as consolidated research group by the Catalan Government with code 2014-SGR-1168. Authors thank Gemma Rustullet for technical suppor
From physical to digital in structural engineering classrooms using digital fabrication
No full textThis is the peer reviewed version of the following article: [ Chacón R, Codony D, Toledo Á. From physical to digital in structural engineering classrooms using digital fabrication. Comput appl eng educ. 2017;25:927–937. https://doi.org/10.1002/cae.21845 ], which has been published in final form at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cae.21845/full. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.In this paper, a set of digital artifacts related to simple examples of structural engineering are presented. The artifacts are real-time applications and visualizations of typical problems students from the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) schools are acquainted with. The real-time nature of the examples allow a high level of interaction between humans and the classic visualization of results, namely, bending and shear force diagrams, internal stresses distributions, and contour plots. These artifacts may provide in AEC a twofold educational target: (i) for users, to provide visual understanding in real time of typical problems that must be understood in classic lectures of structural engineering; (ii) for developers, to provide meaningful applications of applied digital fabrication using sensors, microcontrollers, and GUI's and their potential in the development of tools related to Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) and the Internet of Things (IoT) among students of the AEC sector.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft
From physical to digital in structural engineering classrooms using digital fabrication
No full textThis is the peer reviewed version of the following article: [ Chacón R, Codony D, Toledo Á. From physical to digital in structural engineering classrooms using digital fabrication. Comput appl eng educ. 2017;25:927–937. https://doi.org/10.1002/cae.21845 ], which has been published in final form at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cae.21845/full. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.In this paper, a set of digital artifacts related to simple examples of structural engineering are presented. The artifacts are real-time applications and visualizations of typical problems students from the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) schools are acquainted with. The real-time nature of the examples allow a high level of interaction between humans and the classic visualization of results, namely, bending and shear force diagrams, internal stresses distributions, and contour plots. These artifacts may provide in AEC a twofold educational target: (i) for users, to provide visual understanding in real time of typical problems that must be understood in classic lectures of structural engineering; (ii) for developers, to provide meaningful applications of applied digital fabrication using sensors, microcontrollers, and GUI's and their potential in the development of tools related to Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) and the Internet of Things (IoT) among students of the AEC sector.Peer Reviewe
CO2 in indoor environments: From environmental and health risk to potential renewable carbon source
No full textIn the developed world, individuals spend most of their time indoors. Poor Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) has a wide range of effects on human health. The burden of disease associated with indoor air accounts for millions of premature deaths related to exposure to Indoor Air Pollutants (IAPs). Among them, CO2 is the most common one, and is commonly used as a metric of IAQ. Indoor CO2 concentrations can be significantly higher than outdoors due to human metabolism and activities. Even in presence of ventilation, controlling the CO2 concentration below the Indoor Air Guideline Values (IAGVs) is a challenge, and many indoor environments including schools, offices and transportation exceed the recommended value of 1000 ppmv. This is often accompanied by high concentration of other pollutants, including bio-effluents such as viruses, and the importance of mitigating the transmission of airborne diseases has been highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic. On the other hand, the relatively high CO2 concentration of indoor environments presents a thermodynamic advantage for direct air capture (DAC) in comparison to atmospheric CO2 concentration. This review aims to describe the issues associated with poor IAQ, and to demonstrate the potential of indoor CO2 DAC to purify indoor air while generating a renewable carbon stream that can replace conventional carbon sources as a building block for chemical production, contributing to the circular economy
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