117 research outputs found
Criteri di codificazione delle neoplasie della vescica urinaria: gli effetti sulla sopravvivenza
No full textMediterranean Phenology
No full textAbstract
This chapter describes the five Mediterranean zones around the world and discusses vegetation and environmental factors, including climate, that make the Mediterranean Climate zones unique. Several key reports on the role of climate and climate change on phenological development of Mediterranean ecosystems are presented and discussed. The chapter talks about the impact of current and projected temperature and precipitation on phenology and emphasizes the importance of precipitation patterns on response to higher temperature. One conclusion is that more studies are needed on drought impact on phenology since water stress can increase plant temperature and result in even faster phenological development. Drought can speed up phenological development, but it can also impede growth and lead to reduced productivity. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media B.V
Temperature data for phenological models
No full textIn an arid environment, the effect of evaporation on energy balance can affect air temperature recordings and greatly impact on degree-day calculations. This is an important consideration when choosing a site or climate data for phenological models. To our knowledge, there is no literature showing the effect of the underlying surface and its fetch around a weather station on degree-day accumulations. In this paper, we present data to show that this is a serious consideration, and it can lead to dubious models. Microscale measurements of temperature and energy balance are presented to explain why the differences occur. For example, the effect of fetch of irrigated grass and wetting of bare soil around a weather station on diurnal temperature are reported. A 43-day experiment showed that temperature measured on the upwind edge of an irrigated grass area averaged 4% higher than temperatures recorded 200 m inside the grass field. When the single-triangle method was used with a 10°C threshold and starting on May 19, the station on the upwind edge recorded 900 degree-days on June 28, whereas the interior station recorded 900 degree-days on July 1. Clearly, a difference in fetch can lead to big errors for large degree-day accumulations. Immediately after wetting, the temperature over a wet soil surface was similar to that measured over grass. However, the temperature over the soil increased more than that over the grass as the soil surface dried. Therefore, the observed difference between temperatures measured over bare soil and those over grass increases with longer periods between wettings. In most arid locations, measuring temperature over irrigated grass gives a lower mean annual temperature, resulting in lower annual cumulative degree-day values. This was verified by comparing measurements over grass with those over bare soil at several weather stations in a range of climates. To eliminate the effect of rainfall frequency, using temperature data collected only over irrigated grass, is recommended for long-term assessment of climate change effects on degree-day accumulation. In high evaporative conditions, a fetch of at least 100 m of grass is recommended. Our results clearly indicate that weather stations sited over bare soil have consistently higher degree-day accumulations. Therefore, especially in arid environments, phenology models based on temperature collected over bare soil are not transferable to those based on temperature recorded over irrigated grass. At a minimum, all degree-day-based phenology models reported in the literature should clearly describe the weather station site
Epidemiology of malignant pleural mesothelioma in the province of Sassari (Sardinia, Italy). A population-based report
No full textCLASSIC KAPOSI'S SARCOMA AND OTHER SYNCHRONOUS OR HETEROCHRONOUS TUMOURS: A POPULATION-BASED STUDY
No full textIntroduction: The aim of this study was to define the incidence of classic Kaposi's sarcoma in Sardinian patients with another synchronous or heterochronous malignancy, and to evaluate the role of classic Kaposi's sarcoma as a risk factor for cancer.Materials and methods: Data from the cancer registry of Sassari province, including all incident cases of classic Kaposi's sarcoma, as well as all other types of cancer during an 18 year period (1992-2010) were used for analysis.Results: The European adjusted incidence rates of Kaposi's sarcoma in North Sardinia was high in both males (2.25/100.000) and females (0.85/100,000). However, a decreasing incidence trend was observed in the period under investigation. Odds ratio between these patients and those with multiple neoplasias other than Kaposi's sarcoma was 3.40.Conclusions: A high incidence but a decreasing trend of classic Kaposi's sarcoma was detected in North Sardinia during the period under investigation. Our data suggest that classic Kaposi's sarcoma may have a role in the development of further malignancies in affected patients
Lung Cancer Epidemiology in North Sardinia, Italy
No full textBackground: The aim of this study was to analyze and describe the epidemiological characteristics and trends of lung cancer in North Sardinia, Italy, in the period 1992–2010. Methods: Data were obtained from the tumor registry of Sassari province which is a part of a wider registry web, coordinated today by the Italian Association for Tumor Registries. Results: The overall number of lung cancer cases registered was 4,325. The male-to-female ratio was 4.6:1 and the mean age 68.1 years for males and 67 years for females. The standardized incidence rates were 73.1/100,000 and 13.5/100,000 and the standardized mortality rates 55.7/100,000 and 9.9/100,000 for males and females, respectively. An increasing trend in incidence of lung cancer in women was evidenced. Conversely, incidence was found to decrease in males. Relative survival at 5 years from diagnosis was low (8.8% for males and 14.9% for females). Furthermore, an increase in mortality rates was observed in both sexes in the period under investigation. Conclusions: Our data show an increasing trend of lung cancer incidence in women in North Sardinia in the last decades. Conversely, a reduction of incidence rates was observed in males. Furthermore, a slightly increasing trend in mortality rates was observed in both sexes, suggesting the need to enhance smoking control strategies, consider adoption of effective surveillance policies, and improve diagnosis and treatment methods
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