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Plasminogen activator production in a rat model of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonae
No full text“Plasminogen activator production in a rat model of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonae”
E. angelici, C. Contini, M. Spezzano, R. Romani, P. Carfagna, P. Serra, R. Canipari.
Microbiol. Immunol. 45 (8) pp. 605-611, 2001
Evaluation of Anti-Pneumocystis carinii activity of Terbinafine vs atovaquone, albendazole and trimethoprim sulfametoxazole in rat models with Pneumocystosis
No full textObiective: P.C seems more closely related to fungi than to protozoans. We have investigated the efficacy of an antiprotozoan and antifungal compound, the terbinafine, together with that of trimethoprim sulphamethoxazole (TMP-SMX), atovaquone (ATQ) and albendazole (ALB) on immunosuppressed rats with established pneumocystosis. Methods: Drugs were administered orally (terbinafine in dosages of 80 mg/Kg/d, TMP 12.5 mg/Kg/d plus SMX 62.5 mg/Kg/d, ATQ 100 mg/Kg/d and ALB 600 mg/Kg/d) to 5 groups each one consisting of 15 rats including controls. Rats were sacrificed and lungs were removed for histological assessment and impression smears (infectivity score). Results: P. carinii pneumonia (PCP) developed in 90% of the controls which exhibited a significantly marked P.C burden and lung’s weight than the other treatment groups. In terbinafine group, P.C infection developed weakly in 2 rats (18%, infectivity score 6±1.2) and histological lung changes were absent or minimal with respect to other drugs. For ALB and ATQ treatment group, the rate of infection were 58.3% and 45.4% with scores 19.4±7.1 and 23±2.1 respectively. In TMP-SMX group, P.C was found in 2 rats (mean score 8±1.1) but rat survival was greater. Conclusions: Terbinafine targets the squalene 2,3 epoxidase with an increased squalene content in fungal cell. This could lead to the disruption of the P.C plasma membrane by a “cidal” effect.
Supported by a grant of Italian Ministry of Education (40%) and Sandoz Pharma, Italy
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Pneumocystis carinii directly stimulates plasminogen activator in mononuclear phagocytes
No full textThe authors describe the findings regarding the in vivo experiments (rats Sprague Dowley) after stimulation of plasminogen activator by Pneumocystis carinii in mononuclear phagocytes
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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