1,720,994 research outputs found
La spera, tra antichità e tradizione nautica. Strumento per la salvezza di una barca che naviga o si avvicina a terra con mare tempestoso
No full textL'articolo riguarda il sistema usato nella tradizione marinaresca dell'Adriatico occidentale per raggiungere la costa o entrare in porto con mare tempestoso. Consisteva nel trascinamento da poppa di un peso, costituto da una pietra (appunto, la spera o spiera), che, radendo il fondo, consentiva di ridurre la velocità dell'imbarcazione, evitando che, sotto la spinta delle onde, finisse per "prendere la corsa" fuori controllo, impozzare con la prua nel cavo dell'onda antistante, quindi traversarsi all'onda e infine essere rovesciata dall'energia del frangente. Funzionava con un principio simile a quello della spiera di tela a cono, usata tuttora, dunque simile ad un'ancora galleggiante, ma sostanzialmente diversa in quanto a scopo e modalità d'uso. Il lavoro procede attraverso l'analisi comparata dell'evidenza etnografica e storico-archeologica, evidenziando come l'uso delle spiere fosse ampiamente diffuso già nel mondo antico.The article deals with the tackle used traditionally along the western Adriatic shores to reach the coast with stormy sea. It consists in hauling a weight from the stern (the spera), which allow to slow down the run of the boat and avoid its been swept away and capsized by breaker-waves, working by a principle similar to that of the drogue (a device similar to a sea-anchor but different in shape and use). The study proceed through ethnographic and historical-archaeological evidences
Orientamento istintivo e orientamento solare nella navigazione antica
No full textil contributo è dedicato allo studio dei sistemi di orientamento nautico primitivi, rispettivamente attraverso un istinto atavico tipico di molti animali ma anche dell'uomo, che induce a trovare la giusta direzione, e attraverso l'osservazione del corso del sole. Si ipotizza l'impiego di uno strumento per correggere la posizione dei punti ortivi e degli occasi del sole nel corso dell'anno.The deals with the study of primitive nautical orientation systems, respectively through an atavistic instinct typical of many animals but also of man, which induces to find the right direction, and through the observation of the sun course in the sky. It is assumed that an instrument was used to correct the position of the sun risings and settings throughout the year
Meteorologia pratica e navigazione. Elementi a confronto tra antichità e tradizione
No full textDipendendo interamente per la loro vita dal tempo, i marinai, naviganti e pescatori, hanno sempre posto la massima attenzione alle previsioni meteorologiche. Si può riscontrare una straordinaria coincidenza tra quanto tramandano le fonti antiche e le pratiche di previsione sopravvissute nella recente tradizione marinaresca, che, a livello popolare, ha conservato un patrimonio di cultura rimasto sostanzialmente “arcaico”. Le previsioni erano realizzate in modo assolutamente empirico, con l’attenta osservazione del cielo, dell’aspetto del sole e della luna al loro sorgere e al loro tramonto, del comportamento degli animali e di molti altri riferimenti ancora, senza alcuna cognizione scientifica. La loro precisione a breve termine giungeva tuttavia ad un livello tale da farle apparire spesso come pure intuizioni, frutto di un’esistenza completamente immersa negli elementi naturali. Verrà quindi dedicata particolare attenzione alla meteorologia pratica dei pescatori dell’AdriaticoTotally depending by weather in their life, mariners, seamen and fishermen, always gave the greatest importance to the weather forecast. We can find an exceptional coincidence between ancient sources and recent nautical tradition, that, in a popular context, preserved a really “archaic” cultural landscape. Forecasts are made in an absolute empirical way, with attention to the sky condition, to the aspect of the sun and the moon at their rising and setting, to the animal behaviour, without any scientific knowledge. The exactness of short-term forecasts was so exceptional to take the form of pure intuitions, as a result of a life totally embedded in the natural environment. We’ll especially focus on the forecasts of the fishermen of the Adriatic Sea
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
