142 research outputs found
Risk Factors and Comorbidities for Occasional and Daily Smoking in European Adolescents: Results of the Seyle Project
No full textEuropean Congress of Psychiatry (EPA 2015) (23º. 2015. Viena)Banzer, R; Haring, C; Buchheim, A; Oehler, S; Carli, V; Hoven, CW; Wasserman, C; Sarchiapone, M; Kaess, M; Apter, A; Balazs, J; Bobes, J; Brunner, R; Corcoran, P; Cosman, D; Kahn, JP; Postuvan, V; Varnik, A; Wasserman, D
Factors associated with different smoking status in European adolescents: results of the SEYLE study
No full textOpen access funding provided by University of Innsbruck and Medical University of Innsbruck. The SEYLE project is supported by the European Union through the Seventh Framework Program (FP7), Grant agreement number HEALTHF2-2009-223091.Banzer, R., Haring, C., Buchheim, A., Oehler, S., Carli, V., Wasserman, C., Kaess, M., Apter, A., Balazs, J., Bobes, J., Brunner, R., Corcoran, P., Cosman, D., Hoven, C.W., Kahn, J.P., Keeley, H.S., Postuvan, V., Podlogar, T., Sisask, M., Värnik, A., Sarchiapone, M., Wasserman, D
Acupuncture and sports medicine : effects and application perspectives
No full textVor dem Hintergrund der gestiegenen medizinischen und sozioökonomischen Relevanz von Akupunktur und Laserakupunktur werden im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit Anwendungsfelder und Forschungsperspektiven in der präventiven und rehabilitativen Sportmedizin skizziert. Hierzu zählen insbesondere die Therapie von Sportverletzungen und Sportschäden, die Steigerung der körperlichen Leistungsfähigkeit, die Unterstützung und Förderung der Regeneration sowie die Vorbeugung von belastungsinduziertem Asthma. Aufbauend auf den aktuellen Forschungsstand werden eigene Originalarbeiten vorgestellt, die sich mit der Evaluation spezifischer Effekte der Akupunktur und Laserakupunktur befassen.Against the background of the increasing medical and socioeconomic importance of acupuncture and laser acupuncture, the present work aims at outlining scientific and practical applications in fields related to preventive and rehabilitative sports medicine. These include, in particular, the treatment of acute and chronic sports injuries, the enhancement of physical performance, the promotion of recovery, as well as the prevention of exercise-induced asthma. Based on current research, the author presents his original investigations dealing with specific effects of acupuncture and laser acupuncture
Utilizing Smartphones as an Effective Way to Support Patients with Bipolar Disorder: Results of the Monarca Study
No full textMulti-twist polarization ribbon topologies in highly-confined optical fields
No full textElectromagnetic plane waves, solutions to Maxwell's equations, are said to be 'transverse' in vacuum. Namely, the waves' oscillatory electric and magnetic fields are confined within a plane transverse to the waves' propagation direction. Under tight-focusing conditions however, the field can exhibit longitudinal electric or magnetic components, transverse spin angular momentum, or non-trivial topologies such as Möbius strips. Here, we show that when a suitably spatially structured beam is tightly focused, a 3-dimensional polarization topology in the form of a ribbon with two full twists appears in the focal volume. We study experimentally the stability and dynamics of the observed polarization ribbon by exploring its topological structure for various radii upon focusing and for different propagation planes
Bi-directional longitudinal associations between different types of bullying victimization, suicide ideation/attempts, and depression among a large sample of European adolescents
No full textThe SEYLE project is supported by the European Union through the Seventh Framework Program (FP7), Grant agreement number HEALTH-F2-2009-223091.Brunstein Klomek, A., Barzilay, S., Apter, A., Carli, V., Hoven, C.W., Sarchiapone, M., Hadlaczky, G., Balazs, J., Kereszteny, A., Brunner, R., Kaess, M., Bobes, J., Saiz, P.A., Cosman, D., Haring, C., Banzer, R., McMahon, E., Keeley, H., Kahn, J.-P., Postuvan, V., Podlogar, T., Sisask, M., Varnik, A., Wasserman, D
Observation of optical polarization Möbius strips
No full textMöbius strips are three-dimensional geometrical structures, fascinating for their peculiar property of being surfaces with only one "side"—or, more technically, being "nonorientable" surfaces. Despite being easily realized artificially, the spontaneous emergence of these structures in nature is exceedingly rare. Here, we generate Möbius strips of optical polarization by tightly focusing the light beam emerging from a q-plate, a liquid crystal device that modifies the polarization of light in a space-variant manner. Using a recently developed method for the three-dimensional nanotomography of optical vector fields, we fully reconstruct the light polarization structure in the focal region, confirming the appearance of Möbius polarization structures. The preparation of such structured light modes may be important for complex light beam engineering and optical micro- and nanofabrication
Bullying Victimization and Suicide Ideation and Behavior Among Adolescents in Europe: A 10-Country Study
No full textThe SEYLE project is supported by the European Union through the Seventh Framework Program (FP7), Grant agreement number HEALTH-F2-2009-223091. Judit Balazs was supported by the Janos Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of SciencesBarzilay, S., Brunstein Klomek, A., Apter, A., Carli, V., Wasserman, C., Hadlaczky, G., Hoven, C.W., Sarchiapone, M., Balazs, J., Kereszteny, A., Brunner, R., Kaess, M., Bobes, J., Saiz, P., Cosman, D., Haring, C., Banzer, R., Corcoran, P., Kahn, J.-P., Postuvan, V., Podlogar, T., Sisask, M., Varnik, A., Wasserman, D
Computer assisted quantitative morphometry of osteoporotic vertebral height reductions in comparison with the bone mineral density aquired with quantitative computed tomography (QCT)
No full textOsteoporose kann in den westlichen Industrieländern zu den Volkskrankheiten
gezählt werden. Wirbelkörperfrakturen und –sinterungen stellen eine der
häufigsten Spätkomplikationen der Osteoporose dar. Hieraus ergibt sich der
Wunsch nach einer frühzeitigen Diagnose der Osteoporose selbst und auch der
osteoporotischen Fraktur, da letztere das Risiko, weitere Frakturen zu
erleiden, erhöht. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde untersucht, ob ein
Zusammenhang zwischen einer prozentualen Höhenminderung über 20% (in dieser
Arbeit als signifikante Höhenminderung/Fraktur definiert) und der
Knochendichte besteht. Ferner wurde der Frage nachgegangen, ob dieser
vermutete Zusammenhang quantitativ linear korreliert werden kann. Es wurden
303 Patienten (252 Frauen, 51 Männer, Altersdurchschnitt 70 Jahre)
retrospektiv in die Untersuchung eingeschlossen. Bei diesen Patienten wurden
in vorliegenden lateralen Röntgenaufnahmen der Wirbelsäule die Wirbelkörper
(WK) Th4 bis L5 mittels quantitativer Wirbelkörpermorphometrie erfasst und
ausgewertet. Die Knochendichte war zuvor durch eine quantitative
Computertomographie (QCT) bestimmt worden. Eine Anamnese hinsichtlich
osteoporotischer Risikofaktoren (kategorial und metrisch aufgebauter
Fragebogen analog der Risiken der DVO-Leitlinien zur Osteoporose) ergab in der
Gesamtheit ein osteoporotisches Patientenkollektiv mit signifikanten
Zusammenhängen von Knochendichte (BMD) und Risikofaktor. Signifikante
Wirbelkörperhöhenminderungen (WKH) ergaben sich bei 202 Patienten (66,6%) an
insgesamt 567 signifikant höhengeminderten WK. Patienten mit signifikanter WKH
hatten eine signifikant niedrigere BMD mit 55,88 mgHA/cm3 gegenüber 83,47
mgHA/cm3 in der Gruppe ohne signifikante WKH. Die Korrelationsberechnungen
wiesen in unterschiedlichen Berechnungsmodellen keine lineare Beziehung
zwischen den quantitativen Messwerten der QCT und der Morphometrie auf
(Korrelationskoeffizient nach Pearson maximal: rP = - 0,31). Nicht-lineare,
signifikante Zusammenhänge lassen sich jedoch nachweisen: Bei Patienten mit
Höhenminderungen über 40% (Genant Score 3) liegt die BMD im Mittel bei 39,13
mgHA/cm3 und somit signifikant unter der BMD von Patienten mit
Höhenminderungen von 25-40% (Genant Score 2), welche im Mittel bei 48,05
mgHA/cm3 liegt. Patienten mit Höhenminderungen von 20-25% (Genant Score 1)
liegen mit dem BMD Mittelwert von 52,52 mgHA/cm3 oberhalb beider Gruppen.
Hieraus ergibt sich, dass eine quantitative Korrelation zwischen BMD und
morphometrisch bestimmter WKH nur schwach, ein nicht-linearer Zusammenhang
jedoch signifikant gegeben ist. Die alleinige BMD-Messung oder Morphometrie
bleibt nach den vorliegenden Ergebnissen der Kombination der Methoden
unterlegen, da die Ergebnisse der Einzelmessungen zwar in Zusammenhang stehen,
sich jedoch nicht quantitativ linear korrelieren lassen. Darüberhinaus bleibt
neben der Knochendichtebestimmung eine visuelle Beurteilung des Röntgenbildes
aus differenzialdiagnostischen Erwägungen immer erforderlich.Osteoporosis can be considered as a widespread disease among western
industrial nations. Vertebral fractures (significant vertebral height
reductions) are known to be among the most common complications. This explains
an urge for early diagnosis of osteoporosis and for an early recognition of
vertebral fractures as they can lead to subsequent fractures. This work
examines a supposed connection between significant vertebral height reduction
(defined as height loss >20%) and bone mineral density (BMD). Furthermore was
examined if this supposed connection can be quantified in a linear
correlation. 303 patients (252 women, 51 men, mean age 70 years) were
retrospectively included in the study. In these patients the shape of
vertebral bodies Th 4 – L 5 in previously acquired lateral x-ray images of the
spine were analyzed using computer assisted quantitative vertebral
morphometry. The BMD was measured using quantitative computed tomography (QCT)
beforehand. A survey on the patients osteoporotic risk factors (using a
categorial and metric designed questionnaire analogue to risk factors
described by the DVO consensus on osteoporosis) showed an overall osteoporotic
collective with statistically significant relations between BMD and risk
factors. 202 patients (66,6%) showed significant vertebral height reduction
(VHR) in 567 height reduced vertebral bodies altogether. These patients also
had a significantly lower BMD (55,88 mgHA/cm3) compared to the group without
significant vertebral heigt reduction (83,47 mgHA/cm3). Different computations
of correlations showed no linear connection between QCT and Morphometry
(Pearson´s correlation coefficient at max.: rP = - 0,31). Non-linear
significant connections can be shown in categorised patient groups: Patients
with height reduction greater than 40% (Genant score 3) showed a significantly
lower BMD (39,13 mgHA/cm3) compared to the group with height reduction of
25-40% (Genant score 2) with a mean BMD of 48,05 mgHA/cm3. Patients with
height reduction of 20-25% (Genant score 1) have a significantly higher BMD
(mean 52,52 mgHA/cm3) than both other groups. In conclusion a quantitative
correlation between BMD and vertebral height reduction evaluated by
quantitative vertebral morphometry is weak. On the other hand a non-
quantitativ connection can be found at a statistically significant level. The
sole measurement of either BMD or height reduction is in accordance to the
results of this thesis considered to be inferior to the combination of the
methods as the findings suggest a connection of both methods, but cannot be
significantly expressed in a quantitative correlation. Furthermore a visual
evaluation of the x-ray image remains an absolute necessity for differential
diagnostic considerations apart from the measurement of the bone mineral
density
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