1,451 research outputs found
Geophysical characterization of hydrothermal systems and intrusive bodies, El Chichón volcano (Mexico)
Get PDF[1] The 1982 explosive eruptions of El Chichón volcano (Chiapas, Mexico) destroyed the inner dome and created a 1-km-wide and 180-m-deep crater within the somma crater. A shallow hydrothermal system was exposed to the surface of the new crater floor and is characterized by an acid crater lake, a geyser-like Cl-rich spring (soap pool), and numerous fumarole fields. Multiple geophysical surveys were performed to define the internal structure of the volcanic edifice and its hydrothermal system. We carried out a high-resolution ground-based geomagnetic survey in the 1982 crater and its surroundings and 38 very low frequency (VLF) transects around the crater lake. A 3-D inversion of the ground-based magnetic data set highlighted three high-susceptibility isosurfaces, interpreted as highly magnetized bodies beneath the 1982 crater floor. Inversion of a digitized regional aeromagnetic map highlighted four major deeply rooted cryptodomes, corresponding to major topographic highs and massive lava dome outcrops outside and on the somma rim. The intracrater magnetic bodies correspond closely to the active hydrothermal vents and their modeled maximum basal depth matches the elevation of the springs on the flanks of the volcano. Position, dip, and vertical extent of active and extinct hydrothermal vents identified by VLF-EM surveys match the magnetic data set. We interpret the shallow lake spring hydrothermal system to be mostly associated with buried remnants of the 550 BP dome, but the Cl-rich soap pool may be connected to a small intrusion emplaced at shallow depth during the 1982 eruption
Understanding the effect of nanomodifier addition upon the properties of fibre reinforced laminates
No full textThis work presents a survey of the effect of three different commercially available nano-modifiers on the mechanical properties of an epoxy/anhydride unidirectional carbon fibre reinforced laminates. The nano-modifiers consisted of an organo-modified layered silicate, vapour grown carbon fibre (VGCF) and a triblock copolymer (SBM). The work has shown that tensile modulus exhibited little difference between the unmodified laminates while a modest decrease was observed for the tensile strength. Properties related to the toughness of the matrix, demonstrated improvements compared to the unmodified laminate such as the notch sensitivity under compression, ILSS and G(IIC) performance. The improvement of the G(IIC) for the VGCF modifier in particular was found to be over 100%. It was suggested that high aspect ratio of the nano-additive helped to constrain the growth of the micro-cracks which in turn delayed failure. Mode I G(IC) performance however, was found to decrease as a result of the fibre tows preventing optimum dispersion of the modifier. The effect of this was a very high "effective" clay concentration in the interlayer resin rich regions and a less than optimum fibre dispersion, results in promotion of the propagating crack rather than inhibition
Cromwell Varley FRS, electrical discharge and Victorian spiritualism
No full textThis is a preprint version of an article published in Notes and Records of the Royal Society. The definitive version is available at: http://publishing.royalsociety.org/index.cfm?page=1083Cromwell Fleetwood Varley is chiefly remembered as a leading Victorian electrical engineer who was closely involved in the testing and laying of the successful transatlantic telegraph cables of the 1860s. Historians of physics principally regard him as a key figure in the 'prehistory' of the electron because in 1871 the Proceedings of the Royal Society published a paper in which he seemed to anticipate the corpuscular nature of cathode rays. For many Victorians, however, Varley was as notable for his spiritualism as for his electrical researches. This paper argues that for Varley spiritualism was one of the most significant contexts of use for the 1871 paper. The latter work sought explicitly to unravel the mystery of the electrical discharge through rarefied gases but also showed the hazy boundary between the invisible and visible and material and immaterial domains. This suggested that one of the invisible powers associated with spiritualism—the 'od' force—might be photographed and rendered scientifically more credible, and also made it easier to understand how imponderable spirits could have apparently material attributes. Although the physical implications of Varley’s 1871 publication were not explored until the 1890s, Varley's 'spiritualistic' uses of it shaped the way in which some late-Victorian scientists investigated the puzzling phenomena of psychical research
Rheological and Mechanical Properties of Compatibilized engineering plastic/Thermotropic polymer blends
No full textThe effect of compatibilization on the behavior of a polycarbonate/polymer liquid crystal blend
No full textThe Evaluation of the Match External Load in Soccer: Methods Comparison.
No full textThe aim of this study was to test the interchangeability of two match-analysis approaches for
external-load detection considering arbitrary selected speeds and metabolic power (MP) thresholds
in male top-class level soccer. Data analyses were performed considering match physical performance of team data (1200 player cases) of randomly selected Spanish, German and English first division championship matches (2013-14 season). Match analysis was performed with a validated semi-automated multi-camera system operating at 25 Hz. During a match players
covered 10673±348m of which 1778±208 and 2759±241m were performed at High-Intensity using
the speed (≥16 km·h-1, HI) and metabolic power notations (≥20 watt·kg-1, MPHI). High-intensity
notations were nearly perfect associated (r=0.93, p<0.0001). A huge method bias (980.63± 87.82m.
d=11.67) was found when considering MPHI and HI. Very large correlations were found between match total distance covered and MPHI (r=0.84, p<0.0001) and HI (r=0.74, p<0.0001). Players
high-intensity decelerations (≥-2 m·s2) coverage was very largely associated with MPHI (r=0.73,
p<0.0001). The results of this study showed that the speed and MP methods are highly
interchangeable at relative (magnitude rank) but not absolute (measure magnitude) level. As a
results the two physical match analysis methods can be independently used to track match external-
load in elite level players. However match-analyst decisions must be based on single method use in
order to avoid bias in external-load determination
Predicting the block-and-ash flow inundation areas at Volcán de Colima (Colima, Mexico) based on the present day (February 2010) status
No full textBRCA1, BRCA2 and TP53 mutations in very early-onset breast cancer with associated risks to relatives
No full textPathological mutations in BRCA1, BRCA2 and TP53 are associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. This study evaluated mutation frequency of these genes in early-onset breast cancer patients, and correlated this with family history and determined relative risks to family members. Patients with breast adenocarcinoma diagnosed <= 30 years were ascertained between 1980 and 1997. Family history was established and mutation screening of BRCA1, BRCA2 and TP53 genes was performed. Estimates of penetrance and relative risk were undertaken. DNA was obtained from 100/139 women. 17/36 familial cases had a BRCA1, BRCA2 or TP53 mutation. Of 64 non-familial cases, one BRCA2, two BRCA1 and two TP53 mutations were detected. Penetrance estimates (by age 70) for breast cancer were 84% for BRCA1 mutations and 91% for BRCA2 mutations and for ovarian cancer, 60% and 26%, respectively Relative risks associated with mutations were consistent with previous studies. BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in patients with breast cancer <= 30 years are predicted strongly by family history. The majority of families with ovarian cancer were due to mutations in BRCA1/2 whereas these mutations only accounted for 30-50% of the excess breast cancers. <br/
Safe on Seven Domestic Violence Center
No full textDirected by John Varley. The Safe on Seven Project is supported by Grant No. 2010-WE-AX-0066 awarded by the Office of Violence Against Women, U.S. Department of Justice; Grant No. 034-1-09-VA-AW-226 awarded by the NC Governors Crime Commission; and the County of Forsyth. The opinions, findings, conclusions, and recommendations expressed in this program are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of Justice, Office of Violence Against Women, the NC Governors Crime Commission, or the County of Forsyth. Special thanks to Suzanne Reynolds, Executive Associate Dean, Academic Affairs, Wake Forest University School of Law; Marc Langston, J.D. Candidate, 2011, Wake Forest University School of Law; James R. O'Neill, Forsyth County District Attorney; Valene Franco, Managing Attorney (Family Law), Legal Aid of North Carolina; Forsyth County Sheriff's Office; North Carolina Bar Association. Staff of Safe on Seven: Alison Cranford, Family Services, Inc.; Christina Thompson, Office of the Clerk of Court; Harrietta Mickle, Legal Aid of NC; Virginia Artice, Forsyth County District Attorney's Office, Domestic Violence Unit; Veronica Nesbit, Forsyth County District Attorney's Office, Domestic Violence Unit; Kristin McKoy, Forsyth County District Attorney's Office, Domestic Violence Unit; Liz Valier, Forsyth County District Attorney's Office; Deputy Fletcher Gist, Forsyth County Sheriff's Office. Copyright 2011. TRT: 22:37
Global fits of the nonuniversal Higgs model
Get PDFWe carry out global fits to the nonuniversal Higgs Model (NUHM), applying all relevant present-day constraints. We present global probability maps for the NUHM parameters and observables (including collider signatures, direct, and indirect detection quantities), both in terms of posterior probabilities and in
terms of profile likelihood maps. We identify regions of the parameter space where the neutralino dark matter in the model is either binolike, or else higgsinolike with mass close to 1 TeV and a spinindependent
scattering cross section ˜10¯⁹–10¯⁸ pb. We trace the occurrence of the higgsinolike region to be a consequence of a mild focusing effect in the running of one of the Higgs masses, the existence of which in the NUHM we identify in our analysis. Although the usual binolike neutralino is more prominent, higgsinolike dark matter cannot be excluded, however its significance strongly depends on the prior and statistics used to assess it. We note that, despite experimental constraints often favoring different regions of parameter space to the constrained minimal supersymmetric standard model, most
observational consequences appear fairly similar, which will make it challenging to distinguish the two models experimentally
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