603 research outputs found
Role of Ozone in Forest Decline on Wank Mountain (Alps)
No full textFrom crown-thinning of spruce it has been estimated that one-third of the mountain forests in the Bavarian Alps are severely damaged (Kennel 1990). Photo-oxidants transported above inversion layers have been thought to be responsible for the damage observed in these forests (Seiler 1988; Fabian 1990). As 03 is a key product of photo-oxidative chain reactions in the troposphere and tropospheric 03 concentrations change with increasing altitude, 03 has been implicated as the central cause of this forest decline (Seiler 1988). Climatic stress, nutrient deficiencies, forest management and genetic properties of the trees have also been considered as predisposing or triggering factors (Rennenberg and Reuther 1991). The general objective of the studies performed in the Bavarian Alps at the Wank mountain research site has been to test this hypothesis using an interdisciplinary approach. To meet this objective, scientists working in forestry, meteorology, air chemistry, tree physiology, soil sciences, ecology and taxonomy participated in these studies which lasted for almost a decade. The individual objectives of the research performed were (1) to characterize the particular stand, especially the atmospheric and pedospheric environment, and to assess the vitality and the nutritional status of the trees and (2) to identify and characterize those physiological parameters that exhibit changes with altitude similar to those associated with 03 (Rennenberg and Reuther 1991). In this chapter, the results obtained in the studies at the Wank mountain research site are summarized. In addition, the question is addressed as to whether altitude-dependent changes of the parameters studied provide evidence for stress to the trees, can be connected with the damage observed, and are the result of O3 exposure
P. R. Dürselen: Homiletik und Psychologie. Ein Beitrag zur praktischen Theologie, insbesondere zur Topik. Berlin, Reuther u. Reichard, 1897. V u. 100 S.
No full textP. R. DÜRSELEN: HOMILETIK UND PSYCHOLOGIE. EIN BEITRAG ZUR PRAKTISCHEN THEOLOGIE, INSBESONDERE ZUR TOPIK. BERLIN, REUTHER U. REICHARD, 1897. V U. 100 S.
Zeitschrift für Psychologie und Physiologie der Sinnesorgane (-)
Zeitschrift für Psychologie und Physiologie der Sinnesorgane (21) (a0006)
P. R. Dürselen: Homiletik und Psychologie. Ein Beitrag zur praktischen Theologie, insbesondere zur Topik. Berlin, Reuther u. Reichard, 1897. V u. 100 S. (21) (p0122
New Aspects of Thromboangiitis obliterans (von Winiwarter-Buerger's Disease)
No full textThe existence of thromboangiitis obliterans as a clinical entity has been a matter of debate for many years. In contrast to other immunovasculitides there is no organ involvement while peripheral vessels are affected. Heavy smokers under 40 years of age have a high predisposition for the disease. The cerebral form shows relapsing brain infarctions which can be visualized in CCT while panarteriography remains negative. Apart from unspecific inflammatory signs in blood and CSF there are distinctive laboratory findings proving the autoimmunological character of von Winiwarter-Buerger's disease. In the serum anti-elastin antibodies, IgE and anticollagen antibody activity are detectable. In 3 patients the authors detected specific immunohistochemical findings in a biopsy specimen of the temporal artery. In addition to platelet-inhibiting substances corticoids in acute and azathioprine in chronic treatment becomes necessary
Variable search for orientation, uniformly optimal search for identity
No full textWe compare eye movement strategies across a range of different stimulus sets to test the prediction that eye movements are guided by expected information gain. When searching for a simple target that has been defined based on orientation, inter-individual variability is high, and a large proportion of eye movements are directed to locations where peripheral vision would have been sufficient to determine whether the target was present there or not. In contrast, when searching for a target defined based on identity, eye movements are similar across individuals and highly efficient, being directed almost exclusively to the locations where central vision is most needed. The results suggest that for most people, the way they search for a simple feature (orientation) is not directly representative of the way they search for objects based on their identity. More generally, the results highlight that because humans are adaptable, contradictory theories can be accurate descriptions of search in particular contexts and individuals. For a complete and accurate account of human search behaviour to be achieved, the conditions that shift us from one mode of behaviour to another need to be part of our models
Relevance of the Heisenberg-Kitaev model for the honeycomb lattice iridates A2IrO3
No full textCombining thermodynamic measurements with theoretical calculations we demonstrate that the iridates A(2)IrO(3) (A = Na, Li) are magnetically ordered Mott insulators where the magnetism of the effective spin-orbital S = 1/2 moments can be captured by a Heisenberg-Kitaev (HK) model with interactions beyond nearest-neighbor exchange. Experimentally, we observe an increase of the Curie-Weiss temperature from theta approximate to -125 K for Na2IrO3 to theta approximate to -33 K for Li2IrO3, while the ordering temperature remains roughly the same T-N approximate to 15 K. Using functional renormalization group calculations we show that this evolution of theta and T-N as well as the low temperature zigzag magnetic order can be captured within this extended HK model. We estimate that Na2IrO3 is deep in a magnetically ordered regime, while Li2IrO3 appears to be close to a spin-liquid regime
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(Fusion materials R D programs of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor)
No full textThe objective of this travel was to advance provisional planning of an activity to coordinate research and development (R D) activities on fusion materials among the existing fusion materials R D programs of the ITER parties. This objective was accomplished in discussions with the Executive Committee for the IEA Implementing Agreement on Fusion Materials in Karlsruhe, Germany, and with the ITER management and staff of Garching, Germany. The IEA Executive Committee deferred substantive consideration of the topic at the insistence of the Ex-Officio member from European Community (EC), Brussels. Discussions with ITER management and staff were positive. It was noted the the draft ITER Long-Term Technology Research and Development Plan contains recommendations for major program effort in materials R D and includes recommendations for coordination among the existing programs of the parties to meet those materials R D needs. ITER management discussions were in the context that decisions on specific activities for the ITER engineering design activity (EDA) must await formal action by the parties on the ITER EDA
Névetimológia és növényhatározó egy 17. századi nászénekben: jókívánságok David Spillenberger lőcsei orvos és Susanna Regina Reuther esküvőjére (1659)
No full textThe essay presents a series of wedding poems originally printed in the collection of Régi Magyarországi Nyomtatványok nr. 2854, dedicated to the wedding of the above-mentioned couple by their otherwise unknown friend, a certain Combergius Blumboth. The author based his poems on the etymology of the German family name of the groom and on that of the two (one Hebrew, one Latin) Christian names of the bride. Blumboth also inserted footnotes in his compositions in order to give a key to his aenigmas. Blumboth borrowed his ideas about the importance and function of gardens from Justus Lipsius. While writing about a species of lily, Corona imperialis, the author also quoted to the letter a famous handbook of botany written by Johannes Bauhinus, which was printed only eight years before the wedding.A tanulmány egy különleges versfüzért mutat be, amely a lőcsei orvos és természettudós David Spillenberger és Susanna Regina Reuther 1659-ben tartott esküvőjére készült. A versfüzér egyébként ismeretlen szerzője, Combergius Blumboth a vőlegény vezetéknevének, és a menyasszony két keresztnevének felhasználásával a német, a héber és a latin nyelv segítségével megfejthető névrejtvényeket szőtt művébe, amelyekhez kulcsot is közölt. A kertek jelentőségét méltató gondolatait a szerző Justus Lipsius műveiből vette, míg pontos botanikai adatait Johannes Bauhinus svájci természettudós néhány évvel korában megjelent kézikönyvéből merítette
Modern Challenges in Timetabling
No full textTimetabling is a central step in the planning of public transport and important for the quality of service. Thereby, it also faces requirements like punctuality, cost efficiency, flexibility and minimization of travel time. We show the state-of-the-art techniques and their extensions to new challenges, in particular, multi-period timetables and robustness. We conclude with a case study from the Italian Railways that shows the effectiveness of our robustness methods
A new tiered analytical approach and e-Tool for material classification to support the implementation of the EU Nano-Definition
No full textThe EC recommendation for the definition of nanomaterial [2011/696/EU] requires the quantitative size determination of constituent particles in samples down to 1 nm. Accordingly, a material is a nanomaterial if 50 % or more of the particles are in the size range 1-100 nm. The fact that engineered nanomaterials already exist in many industrial and consumer products challenges the development of measurement methods to reliably identify, characterize and quantify their occurrence as substance and in various matrices.
The EU FP7 NanoDefine project [www.nanodefine.eu] has addressed this challenge by developing a robust, readily implementable and cost-effective measurement strategy to obtain quantitative particle size distributions and to distinguish between nano and non-nano materials according to the EU definition. Based on a comprehensive evaluation of existing methodologies and intra- and inter-lab comparisons, validated measurement methods and instrument calibration procedures have been established to reliably measure the size of particles within 1-100 nm, and beyond, including different shapes, coatings and chemical compositions in industrial materials and consumer products. Case studies prove their applicability for various sectors, including food, pigments and cosmetics.
Main outcome is the establishment of an integrated tiered approach including rapid screening (tier 1) and confirmatory methods (tier 2), and a user manual to guide end-users, such as manufacturers, in selecting appropriate methods. Another main product is the “NanoDefiner” e-Tool allowing the standardised / semi-automated selection of appropriate methods for material classification according to the EU definition. Results also contribute to standardization efforts, such as CEN TC 352 or ISO TC 229
Fluidized Bed Combustion of High-Volatile Solid Fuels: an Assessment of Char Attrition and Volatile Matter Segregation
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