1,351 research outputs found
Annie A. Moore correspondence with Mrs. Ames, 1862 November 21
No full textLetter dated 1862 November 21, from Annie A. Moore to Mrs. Ames thanking her for donations of money and clothing made by Mrs. Ames and her husband and also telling her about “Aunty Bigelow’s” illness. There is an addendum to the letter by H. R. Sharples also referencing the donations and Mrs. Bigelow’s illness
Annie A. Moore correspondence with Mrs. Ames, 1862 November 21
No full textLetter dated 1862 November 21, from Annie A. Moore to Mrs. Ames thanking her for donations of money and clothing made by Mrs. Ames and her husband and also telling her about “Aunty Bigelow’s” illness. There is an addendum to the letter by H. R. Sharples also referencing the donations and Mrs. Bigelow’s illness
Internal tidal mixing as a control on continental margin ecosystems
No full textWe show that a breaking internal tide at a shelf edge is a fundamental control on the structural and functional properties of ecosystems. Contrasts in vertical mixing of nitrate between the shelf and the open ocean correspond with horizontal and vertical changes in phytoplankton communities, with largest cells found in surface waters at the shelf edge. Intense fishing activity is commonly seen at continental shelf edges, targeting spawning fish stocks. We suggest that the internal tide, a globally ubiquitous physical process at steep shelf edge bathymetry, supports shelf edge fisheries by providing large-celled phytoplankton for first-feeding fish larvae. The repeatability of the internal tide removes fish from the need to time spawning with a spring bloom. Also, with large phytoplankton cells dominating particulate organic carbon export, the internal tides could be an important influence on spatial and temporal variability in patterns of global carbon sequestration in deep water and sediments. Citation: Sharples, J., C. M. Moore, A. E. Hickman, P. M. Holligan, J. F. Tweddle, M. R. Palmer, and J. H. Simpson (2009), Internal tidal mixing as a control on continental margin ecosystems, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L23603, doi:10.1029/2009GL040683
An Analysis of the Educational Potential of Augmented Reality Games for Learning
No full textSchmitz, B., Specht, M., & Klemke, R. (2012). An Analysis of the Educational Potential of Augmented Reality Games for Learning. In M. Specht, J. Multisilta, & M. Sharples (Eds.), Proceedings of the 11th World Conference on Mobile and Contextual Learning 2012 (pp. 140-147). October, 16-18, 2012, Helsinki, Finland.This paper presents a review of practical research papers on augmented reality games for learning. The study evaluates how these games may impact motivation (affective learning outcomes) and knowledge gain (cognitive learning outcomes). For the analysis, we use game design patterns for mobile games and Bloom’s taxonomy of educational objectives. Our study results substantiate the generally assumed motivational potential of augmented reality games. Also, they indicate that augmented reality games may have the potential to bring about cognitive learning outcomes
Multi-State Models for Panel Data: The msm Package for R
No full textPanel data are observations of a continuous-time process at arbitrary times, for example, visits to a hospital to diagnose disease status. Multi-state models for such data are generally based on the Markov assumption. This article reviews the range of Markov models and their extensions which can be fitted to panel-observed data, and their implementation in the msm package for R. Transition intensities may vary between individuals, or with piecewise-constant time-dependent covariates, giving an inhomogeneous Markov model. Hidden Markov models can be used for multi-state processes which are misclassified or observed only through a noisy marker. The package is intended to be straightforward to use, flexible and comprehensively documented. Worked examples are given of the use of msm to model chronic disease progression and screening. Assessment of model fit, and potential future developments of the software, are also discussed.
Internal tide dissipation, mixing, and vertical nitrate flux at the shelf edge of NE New Zealand
No full textAn internal tide on the NE shelf of New Zealand was observed with a combination of moored temperature loggers and current meters and vertical profiling with a microstructure probe. Internal tide energy flux across the shelf edge was calculated to be 400 W m -1, with considerable variability driven by the passage of a storm through the region. Energy associated with the internal tide was significantly greater than the energy of the barotropic tide or of inertial shear. Dissipation of the internal tide calculated from the energy loss between two of the moorings was estimated to be 15 10 mW m -2. The associated vertical eddy diffusivity was (4 3) 10 -4 m 2 s -1. The microstructure observations indicated internal tide-driven vertical diffusivities at the nitracline of 7 10 -4 m 2 s -1. The observations of vertical eddy diffusivities are combined with measurements of the vertical nitrate gradient to suggest that mixing driven by the internal tide is the dominant mechanism for driving diapycnal nutrient supply during summer. The calculated flux of about 12 mmol N m -2 d -1 into the photic zone is suggested to drive significant new subsurface production throughout the summer, amounting to a possible contribution to annual new production on the shelf of 100 g C m -2
Mimicking exercise in three‐dimensional bioengineered skeletal muscle to investigate cellular and molecular mechanisms of physiological adaptation
No full textBioengineering of skeletal muscle in-vitro in order to produce highly aligned myofibres in relevant three dimensional (3D) matrices have allowed scientists to model the in-vivo skeletal muscle niche. This review discusses essential experimental considerations for developing bioengineered muscle in order to investigate exercise mimicking stimuli. We identify current knowledge in the use of electrical stimulation and co-culture with motor neurons to enhance skeletal muscle maturation and contractile function in bioengineered systems in-vitro. Importantly, we provide a current opinion on the use of acute and chronic exercise mimicking stimuli (electrical stimulation and mechanical overload) and the subsequent mechanisms underlying physiological adaptation in 3D bioengineered muscle. We also identify that future studies using the latest bioreactor technology, providing simultaneous electrical and mechanical loading and flow perfusion in-vitro, may provide the basis for advancing knowledge in the future. We also envisage, that more studies using genetic,
pharmacological and hormonal modifications applied in human 3D bioengineered skeletal muscle may allow for an enhanced discovery of the in-depth mechanisms underlying the response to exercise in relevant human testing systems. Finally, 3D bioengineered skeletal muscle may provide
an opportunity to be used as a pre-clinical in-vitro test-bed to investigate the mechanisms underlying catabolic disease, whilst modelling disease itself via the use of cells derived from human patients without exposing animals or humans (in phase I trials) to the side effects of potential therapies
A scheme for review, annotation and correction of specifications
No full textIn this paper we outline a scheme for marking suggested edits and
annotations on specifications during the process of review and correction.
The scheme is based on a formal model of negotiation and typographic
marking methods used in conventional document preparation. The
scheme permits precise and interpretable marking and annotation of
complex structured documents which use many different notations. It
supports and guides the process of correction. Some examples and a
sample visual notation are given. Tool support for using this scheme is
discussed
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