1,721,122 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
A la conquête des ondes guidées : un pas de plus vers des structures multifonctionnelles intelligentes
No full textToday's structures integrate a whole ecosystem that goes far beyond their sole mechanical strength. Smart and multifunctional vibrating structures are equipped with sensors, actuators, and algorithms that enable them to perform different functions based on their vibratory dynamics. One of these functions gives them the ability to diagnose their health status autonomously (SHM for Structural Health Monitoring). This is done via, for example, the permanent installation on their surface of piezoelectric elements (PZT) capable of emitting and receiving Lamb waves. This manuscript thus presents a synthetic vision of my research activities at PIMM around the SHM of aeronautical structures in composite materials by Lamb waves. Three characteristics of these waves must be considered in order to understand their propagation in composite materials: the evolution of their velocity with frequency, their attenuation in composite materials, and the dependence of their properties on their propagation direction. My contributions in this area are related to the semi-analytical prediction of the propagation characteristics of Lamb waves in arbitrary composite stacks and to the experimental validation of these predictions.The interactions with damages encountered in composite materials can then be classified according to three families: diffraction which makes that a damage could be seen as a secondary source of waves, mode conversion which explains the transfers of energy between various types of waves, nonlinear ``waves/damages'' interactions which generate new spectral contents. The contributions I have made in this theme are associated with the characterization of nonlinear wave-damage interactions.The industrial deployment of Lamb wave SHM requires the design of a dedicated dispersed PZT network. It is first necessary to dimension a PZT and to ensure its good operation in situ before approaching the design of a complete sparse network of PZTs (number of elements, positions, etc...). My contribution was the study of the impact of operational conditions and the proposal of a generic methodology for the sizing and placement of a dispersed array of PZTs on arbitrarily complex aeronautical parts.The implementation of these networks of PZTs must finally be carried out in operating situations close to real conditions and on complex aeronautical parts. My contribution was to propose and experimentally validate algorithms for the different steps of the SHM process: detection, localization, classification and quantification of damages as well as for the compensation of environmental effects. These different algorithms have been grouped in a Matlab library called ``SHM@PIMM''.The majority of the approaches retained for the realization of the SHM of aeronautical structures by Lamb waves are based on a linear vision of the interaction ``waves/damages''. However, these interactions are also the seat of non-linear phenomena that can be exploited for SHM purposes. My contribution is here related to the development of tools for the estimation of nonlinear dynamical systems and their use in the development of SHM algorithms.However, there are few industrial applications of intelligent multifunctional vibrating structures. In the continuity of this work, a first perspective that I propose is to develop generic and flexible models describing the interrogation of structures by waves and encompassing the variability of cases encountered in real life. Different active materials alternative to PZT have furthermore been recently developed and offer new possibilities in terms of application in addition to SHM. A second perspective that seems relevant to me is related to the design of a multifunctional structure directly by the choice of its constituent electroactive materials and by the specification of the functions it must perform.Les structures actuelles intègrent tout un écosystème allant bien au-delà de leur seule tenue mécanique. Les structures vibrantes intelligentes et multifonctionnelles sont ainsi équipées de capteurs, d’actionneurs, et d’algorithmes, qui les rendent capables de réaliser différentes fonctions basées sur leur dynamique vibratoire. L’une de ces fonctions les dote de la capacité de diagnostiquer leur état de santé en toute autonomie (SHM pour ``Structural Health Monitoring''). Cela se fait via, par exemple, l’installation permanente à leur surface d’éléments piézoélectriques (PZT) capables d’émettre et de recevoir des ondes de Lamb. Ce manuscrit présente une vision synthétique de mes activités de recherche autour de la thématique du contrôle de la santé des structures aéronautiques en matériaux composites par ondes de Lamb au PIMM. Trois caractéristiques de ces ondes doivent être considérées pour comprendre leur propagation dans les matériaux composites: l’évolution de leur vitesse avec la fréquence, leur atténuation dans les matériaux composites, et la dépendance de leurs propriétés avec leur direction de propagation. Mes contributions dans cette thématique sont liées à la prédiction semi-analytique des caractéristiques de propagation des ondes Lamb dans des empilements composites arbitraires et à la validation expérimentale de ces prédictions.Les interactions avec les dommages rencontrés dans les matériaux composites peuvent ensuite être classées selon trois familles : les phénomènes de diffraction qui font qu’un dommage pourra être vu comme une source d’ondes secondaire, la conversion de modes qui explique les transferts d’énergie entre différents types d’ondes, et les interactions ``ondes/dommages'' non-linéaires qui génèrent de nouveaux contenus spectraux. Les apports que j'ai réalisés dans cette thématique sont associés à la caractérisation des interactions ``ondes/dommages'' non-linéaires.Le déploiement industriel du SHM par ondes de Lamb nécessite ensuite la conception d’un réseau dispersé de PZT dédié. Il faut d'abord dimensionner un PZT et s’assurer de son bon fonctionnement in situ avant d’aborder la conception d’un réseau dispersé complet de PZTs (nombre d’éléments, positions, etc...). Mon apport a été ici l’étude de l’impact des conditions opérationnelles et la proposition d’une méthodologie générique pour le dimensionnement et le placement d’un réseau dispersé de PZTs sur des pièces aéronautiques arbitrairement complexes.La mise en œuvre de ces réseaux de PZTs doit enfin être réalisée dans des situations d’exploitation se rapprochant des conditions réelles et sur des pièces aéronautiques complexes. Ma contribution a ici été de proposer et de valider expérimentalement des algorithmes pour les différentes étapes du processus de SHM : détection, localisation, classification et quantification des dommages tout en tenant compte des effets environnementaux. Ces différents algorithmes ont été regroupés au sein d’une bibliothèque Matlab appelée ``SHM@PIMM'' .La majorité des approches retenues pour la réalisation du SHM de structures aéronautiques par ondes de Lamb sont basées sur une vision linéaire de l’interaction ``ondes/dommages''. Cependant, ces interactions sont aussi le siège de phénomènes non-linéaires exploitables à des fins de SHM. Ma contribution est ici liée au développement d’outils d'estimation de systèmes dynamiques non-linéaires et à leur utilisation pour le développement d’algorithmes de SHM.Il existe cependant peu d'applications industrielles de structures multifonctionnelles vibrantes intelligentes. Dans la continuité de ces travaux, une première perspective que je propose est de développer des modèles génériques et flexibles décrivant l'interrogation des structures par des ondes et englobant la variabilité des cas rencontrés dans la vie réelle. Différents matériaux actifs alternatifs au PZT ont de plus été récemment mis au point et offrent de nouvelles possibilités d'applications en plus du SHM. Une seconde perspective qui me semble pertinente est liée à la conception plus adaptée d’une structure multifonctionnelle directement par le choix de ses matériaux électro-actifs constitutifs et par la spécification des fonctions qu’elle doit réaliser
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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