233 research outputs found
Folio
No full textPreamble. pp. 5-7; Muhammad Zakria-Profile. pp. 8; Editorial. pp. 9-10; Jahanzaib Jilani-Formanites. pp. 11; Khalid Rashid-Folio's Journey. pp. 12-15; Khalid Rashid-A Galaxy of Distinguished Formanites. pp. 16-19; Khalid Rashid-Taught Now Teachers at F.C.C. pp. 20-21; Muzammil Abbas-A to Z of Life. pp. 22; Nasrullah Khan-Speech-Chairman's Address on the Occasion of 115th Annual Athletic Championship 2001-2002. pp. 23-25; List Showing the Participation and Performance of the Students in Extra Curricular Activities 2001-2002. pp. 26-27; Nadeem Ullah-Pakistan a Foreigner's Perspective. pp. 28-29; Syed Imad-ud-Din Asad-Article-Quaid-e-Azam: a Great Personality. pp. 30-32; Khalid Rashid-Article-Role of Testing and Evaluation in the Process of Islamization of Education. pp. 33-37; Article-Idealism in Literature. pp. 38-45; Altaf-ur-Rehman Malik-On Neighbors. pp. 46-47; Mian Muhammad Nadeem Akhtar-What is Life. pp. 47; Khazima Tahir-Ponder A Moment. pp. 48-49; Aiza Ehsan-Anger. pp. 50; Hafsa Rasti-Article-Virginia Wolf as a Feminist Writer. pp. 51-56; Shahid Imtiaz-Article-A Study of Symbols in Yeats Poetry. pp. 57-61; Bashir Ahmed Ch-Poetry-Quaid-e-Azam: The Founder of Pakistan. pp. 62; Bashir Ahmed Ch-Poetry-Pakistan. pp. 63-64; M. Arif Qureshi-Poetry-Musings. pp. 65; M. Arif Qureshi-Poetry-Requiem. pp. 66; M. Arif Qureshi-Poetry-Music. pp. 66; Academic Medals. pp. 67-29; Sports Awards. pp. 70-71; Folio [Punjabi]. 44 p.; Folio [Urdu]. 84 p.Dr Muhammad Zakria Butt. after page 8; Several College Event Photos at the end of Punjabi Sectio
Multi Proxy Approach towards Delineating Source Potential of Hot Springs in Kotli District (Azad Kashmir, Pakistan)
No full textMulti Proxy Approach towards Delineating Source Potential of Hot Springs in Kotli District (Azad Kashmir, Pakistan)
No full textAnalysis of Human Gait Cycle with Body Equilibrium based on leg Orientation
Get PDFGait analysis identifies the posture during movement in order to provide the correct actions for a normal gait. A person\u27s gait may differ from others and can be recognized by specific patterns. Healthy individuals exhibit normal gait patterns, while lower limb amputees exhibit abnormal gait patterns. To better understand the pitfalls of gait, it is imperative to develop systems capable of capturing the gait patterns of healthy individuals. The main objective of this research was to introduce a new concept in gait analysis by computing the static and dynamic equilibrium in a real-world environment. A relationship was also presented among the parameters stated as static \& dynamic equilibrium, speed, and body states. A sensing unit was installed on the designed metal-based leg mounting assembly on the lateral side of the leg. An algorithm was proposed based on two variables: the position of the leg in space and the angle of the knee joint measured by an IMU sensor and a rotary encoder. It was acceptable to satisfy the static conditions when the body was in a fixed position and orientation, whether lying down or standing. While walking and running, the orientation is determined by the position and knee angle variables, which fulfill the dynamic condition. High speed reveals a rapid change in orientation, while slow speed reveals a slow change in orientation. The proposed encoder-based feedback system successfully determined the flexion at 47, extension at 153, and all seven gait cycle phases were recognized within this range of motion. Body equilibrium facilitates individuals when they are at risk of falling or slipping
Introducing Iqbal the Economist
Get PDFThe Iqbal Memorial Lecture was instituted in 1994 when the Pakistan Society of Development Economists (PSDE) celebrated the completion of a decade of steady progress. A brief announcement stated: “The Iqbal Memorial Lecture attributed to the national poet [Emphasis added], Allama Muhammad Iqbal has been included in the programme for the first time. Professor Ian M. D. Little is delivering that lecture” [Secretary’s Report (1994), p. 1472]. Iqbal, the poet and philosopher par excellence, has made incisive remarks or comments on economic and social issues in his poetry, philosophical writings, and in the course of his discourses as well as some famous letters, particularly those written to the Quaid-i-Azam, Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the founder of Pakistan. But these do not make Iqbal an economist. The Secretary of the PSDE was, therefore, careful in observing that the lecture commemorates our “national poet”. However, it will be of great interest to this largest national congregation of economists and other scholars concerned with development to know that the very first published book of Iqbal related neither to poetry nor philosophy, but economics. It was written in Urdu. He also taught the subject at undergraduate and Master’s level, even though he had not studied it as a student. At the Government College, Lahore, Iqbal studied English, Philosophy and Arabic for his B.A. and then completed the M.A. in Philosophy.
Folio
No full textPlatinum EditionGod Bless Them! pp. 1; In Memory of Prof. Khurshid A. Gill. pp. 2; Sandhu, M. Y.-Poetry-Memories of the Bye-gones. pp. 2; Arif Qureshi-In dulcet memory... pp. 3-4; Arif Qureshi-Poetry-Reminiscences. pp. 4; Ravia Shabeen-The Folio (Registering its History). pp. 5-6; Folio (Year by Year). pp. 7-8; Interview-The Living Legend (F.E. Chaudhry is the oldest Formanite alive, to the best of our knowledge). pp. 9-10; Interview-An Hour with Mian Muhammad Somroo. pp. 11-12; Zainab Mohsin-Buildings. pp. 13-14; Agha Mohsin Sohail-Formanites Are Great. pp. 15-17; Once A Formanite... Always A Formanite. pp. 18-20; Haque Nawaz Cheema-Love for my Institution. pp. 21; Agha Saeed-Old is Gold, New is Silver. pp. 22; Lamia Islam Khan-My Favourite Place. pp. 23; Sara Kanwal-Motivation Forever. pp. 24-25; Bilkis Hussain-Before Sunset. pp. 26; Farid A. Malik-Back to 1958. pp. 27-28; The Excellers. pp. 29-30; Position Holders (Convocation 2008). pp. 31; Survey. pp. 33-34; Donald Alfred Smith-Poetry-A Valentine. pp. 35; Easha Farooq-Love - A Human Need. pp. 36; Fatima Majeed-Defining Love. pp. 37; Bahawal Shehryar-A Fundamentalist. pp. 38; Farhat Aziz-Essay-Concept of Love in Christianity and Islam. pp. 39-40; Fatima Tahir-Mother's Love. pp. 41; Rabiya Khawar-A Blessing for the Two Worlds. pp. 42; Anam Khalid-Etymology of Love. pp. 43; Noor Nisha-Beauty of Love. pp. 44; Ayesha Rana-The Ultimate Aim. pp. 45; Madiha Sundas Rana-I Love thee for a Heart that is Kind. pp. 46; Rabiya Khawar-True Love Never Dies. pp. 47; Amina Jamil-Love - A Timeless Essence. pp. 48; Farhan Hashmi-Love Its Immortal. pp. 49; Kashifa Khalid-A Quest. pp. 50; Daud Aziz Khokher-Love!!! pp. 51-52; Bilkis Hussain-The Truth about Love!!! pp. 53; Alvi, M. Zohaib-Love in Politics. pp. 54; Fatima Arif-Waiting to be Loved like Before. pp. 55-56; Azzam Saddique-Essay-My Symphony for the Deaf. pp. 57-59; Rabiya Khawar-The Quaid-e-Azam. pp. 60-61; Tajwar Ali-Essay-The Unique Location of My Gilgit Baltistan. pp. 62-63; Ramla Ashfaq-Turn Minus Into Plus. pp. 64; Furqan Ali Akhtar-My Childhood Love. pp. 65-66; Kashifa Khalid-Silent Screams. pp. 67-68; Beenish Khokhar-Where we Started? Where we end? pp. 69-70; Omer Habib-Falling Apart. pp. 71; Sobia Kiran-A Speech by my Dream-Minister. pp. 72-74; Interview-An Evening with Javed Iqbal. pp. 75-79; Adil Khurram-Story-Deception. pp. 81-82; Shehzad, M. Shehril-Story-Whatever happened to... pp. 83; Bhatti, M. Umar-Story-Spell. pp. 84-85; Usman Khalid-Story-Love. pp. 86; Umer Murtaza Qureshi-Story-Road Kill. pp. 87-88; Shehzad, M. Shehril-Story-...as I sat down, I sensed something was Different... pp. 89; Hassan Noor Assad-Story-Born Again. pp. 90; Muhammad Adeel-Story-The Cookies. pp. 91-92; Waseem Anwar-Poetry-Out West and the Rule of the Law. pp. 93; Zainab Mohsin-Poetry-Life goes on. pp. 94; Bilkis Hussain-Poetry-Paint me, please. pp. 94; Minam Ahmed-Poetry-Mother. pp. 95; Usman Nasir-Poetry-My tears. pp. 95; Jahanzaib Aslam-Poetry-Untitled. pp. 96; Mehwish Shafi-Poetry-A Fairy Who Lives with Me. pp. 96; Rashion Sajid-Poetry-Old days. pp. 97; Abdul Rehman-Poetry-Essence. pp. 97; Saadia Riaz Sehole-Poetry-Can you justify it? pp. 98; Saad Sarfraz Sheikh-Poetry-The Wishlist thing of mine. pp. 98; Razzaq, M. Sarmad-Poetry-Till we meet again. pp. 99; Fariha Qayyum-Poetry-We...The Formanite. pp. 99; Sohaib Zaheer-Poetry-By Love Serve One Another. pp. 100; Fakiha Komal-Poetry-The Lost Love. pp. 100; Irteza Rehman-Poetry-Realization. pp. 101; Sana Jennifer-Poetry-The Art of Giving. pp. 102; Rizwan Kamran-Poetry-Guess! Who is it? pp. 102; Kamran Akram Gondal-Poetry-Common Things. pp. 103; Rabia Ashfaq-Poetry-The Dying Sun. pp. 103; Hafiz Muhammad Hamza Sehole-Poetry-My Dear Parents. pp. 104; Farhan Hashmi-Poetry-Innocence. pp. 104; Ahmed Farooq-Poetry-All I see is You. pp. 105; Sadia Riaz Sehole-Poetry-Life is at Risk. pp. 105; Goraya, M. Furqan-Poetry-Friendship. pp. 106; Omar Farooq-Poetry-Birth. pp. 106; Iqbal, M. Shaheer-Poetry-In the Shades of Blossom. pp. 107; Nauman Ahmed-Poetry-Life is not what I thought it to be. pp. 107; Haider, S. Zulqarnain-Poetry-Truth. pp. 108; Goraya, M. Furqan-Poetry-Examinations. pp. 108; Prof. Arif Qureshi-Poetry-Dreams. pp. 109; Sheraz Ashraf-Poetry-Lonely Heart. pp. 109; Easha Farooq-Poetry-Winter's Tale. pp. 110; Sana Alvi-Poetry-After She Left Me. pp. 110; Sandhu, M. Y.-Poetry-She comes Not. pp. 111; Erum George-Poetry-Change. pp. 111; Muhammad Adeel-Poetry-Peace. pp. 112; Adeel Anwar-Poetry-Vengeance. pp. 112; Azzam Saddique-A ""Prefect"" Story. pp. 113-114; Muhammad Adeel-Flirtation. pp. 115; Saad Sarfraz-Misery Loves Company. pp. 116-117; Haider F. Halim-No Donkeys in New York. pp. 118-119; Lamia Islam Khan-How to prepare a Bride? pp. 120; Saba Zareen-Modern Love Letter. pp. 121; Lamia Islam Khan-Load Shedding. pp. 122; Zafar Khattak-Application to the Staff Editor. pp. 123; Augustine, Milcah-Cartoons. pp. 124-126; Riaz Akbar Somairi-Article-Prospects of Peace in Multicultural South Asia. pp. 127-128; Bakhtawar Khan-Caste System. pp. 129-130; Abdur Rehman Farrukh-Women are not born. They are made. pp. 131-132; Fraaz Mehmud-Romanticism as a Pillar of Nationalism. pp. 133-134; Fizza Ali Shah-Is mobile phone use among youngsters really a menace? pp. 135-136; Mehreen Ali Kasana-One Muffled Scream. pp. 137-138; Kamal ud Din-Dr. Kamal ud Din. pp. 139-140; Miss Zara Hussain. pp. 141; Miss Saima Saleem. pp. 142; Beenish Khokhar-Unforgettable Tour. pp. 143-144; Rizwan Kamran-The Teacher. pp. 145; Maryam Azhar-IT: A New, Challenging Dimension. pp. 146-148; Folio [Urdu] 148 p.Editorial Board (English). 2 pages before Editorial; Advisory Board. 1 page before Editorial; Prof. Khurshid A. Gill & Mr Perviaz Rehmatullah. page 1; F. E. Chaudhry. after page 10; Mian Muhammad Somroo. before page 11; Society Presidents. before page 29; Political Cartoons created by Javed Iqbal (Famous Cartoonist). on 2 pages, after page 79; 20 pages of pictures, Memories, Commencement 2008: Convocation, Valedictory 2009, Sports Day, Line Work, The Story of Yester Years, People Who Make Difference, Campus Life, Societies, Drama. after page 148; Folio Team with Prof Dr K. K. Aziz. after page 8 (Urdu side); Editorial Board (Urdu). 1 page before Urdu Content
Behavior and Impact of Zirconium in the Soil–Plant System: Plant Uptake and Phytotoxicity
Get PDFBecause of the large number of sites they pollute, toxic metals that contaminate terrestrial ecosystems are increasingly of environmental and sanitary concern (Uzu et al. 2010, 2011; Shahid et al. 2011a, b, 2012a). Among such metals is zirconium (Zr), which has the atomic number 40 and is a transition metal that resembles titanium in physical and chemical properties (Zaccone et al. 2008). Zr is widely used in many chemical industry processes and in nuclear reactors (Sandoval et al. 2011; Kamal et al. 2011), owing to its useful properties like hardness, corrosion-resistance and permeable to neutrons (Mushtaq 2012). Hence, the recent increased use of Zr by industry, and the occurrence of the Chernobyl and Fukashima catastrophe have enhanced environmental levels in soil and waters (Yirchenko and Agapkina 1993; Mosulishvili et al. 1994 ; Kruglov et al. 1996)
Study of natural radioactivity in Mansehra granite, Pakistan: environmental concerns
No full textA part of Mansehra Granite was selected for the assessment of radiological hazards. The average activity concentrations of (226)Ra, (232)Th and (40)K were found to be 27.32, 50.07 and 953.10 Bq kg(-1), respectively. These values are in the median range when compared with the granites around the world. Radiological hazard indices and annual effective doses were estimated. All of these indices were found to be within the criterion limits except outdoor external dose (82.38 nGy h(-1)) and indoor external dose (156.04 nGy h(-1)), which are higher than the world's average background levels of 51 and 55 nGy h(-1), respectively. These values correspond to an average annual effective dose of 0.867 mSv y(-1), which is less than the criterion limit of 1 mSv y(-1) (ICRP-103). Some localities in the Mansehra city have annual effective dose higher than the limit of 1 mSv y(-1). Overall, the Mansehra Granite does not pose any significant radiological health hazard in the outdoor or indoor
Determinanten und Einfluss von Marketing Capabilities in jungen technologieorientierten Berliner Unternehmen: Eine empirische Studie
No full textUnternehmen sehen sich heute verstärkt mit immer schwierigeren Rahmenbedingungen konfrontiert. Verschwimmende Unternehmens- und Industriegrenzen, wachsende Unsicherheit und abnehmende Planbarkeit haben ein turbulentes Umfeld geschaffen, welches durch Veränderung, Komplexität, Chaos und Widersprüchlichkeit charakterisiert ist (Hitt und Reed 2000). Durch sich ständig verschiebende und überlappende Märkte treten Unternehmen gleichzeitig als Wettbewerber, Kunden und Kollaborateure auf. Bestehende Distributionskanäle werden umgestaltet, rekonfiguriert und umgangen. Weiterhin hat der erleichterte Zugang zu Informationen die Anforderungen der Kunden erhöht. Diese Entwicklungen zwingen Unternehmen nachhaltige Wettbewerbsvorteile zu erzielen um am Markt bestehen zu können. Die Resource-Based Theory (Wernerfelt 1984, Barney 2001) sieht in den materiellen und immateriellen Ressourcen eines Unternehmens die Quelle nachhaltiger Wettbewerbsvorteile (Hall 1993). Die Generierung von Ressourcen in den unterschiedlichen Funktionsbereichen ist demzufolge ausschlaggebend bei der Erzielung von Wettbewerbsvorteilen (Prahalad und Hammel, 1990). Die Marketingfähigkeiten eines Unternehmens wurden dabei als Schlüsselfaktor für die Erzielung nachhaltiger Wettbewerbsvorteile identifiziert (Mckee et al., 1989; Day und Wensley, 1998; Day, 1994). Marketingfähigkeiten werden durch Marketingaktivitäten wie die Generierung von Marktinformationen, Marktsegmentierung, Entwicklung von Produkten und Dienstleistungen zur Befriedigung von Kundenwünschen, Preisbildung, Kommunikation von Produktvorteilen an potenzielle Kunden sowie die Distribution von Produkten an die Kunden entwickelt (Day, 1993, 1994) und somit von unterschiedlichen Faktoren beeinflusst. Die vorliegende Arbeit präsentiert ein Modell zur Darstellung der Einflussfaktoren und Auswirkungen der Entwicklung von Marketingfähigkeiten und trägt somit zur Forschung auf diesem Gebiet bei. Das externe Umfeld stellen den Ausgangspunkt des Modells dar und wird durch die Faktoren Market Turbulence und Technological Turbulence abgebildet. Dabei wird ein direkter Einfluss des externen Umfelds auf das interne Umfeld (z. B. immateriellen Ressourcen und Fähigkeiten) der Unternehmen postuliert, welche durch die Faktoren Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO), Market Orientation (MO) und Strategic Orientation (SO) dargestellt sind. Diese internen Faktoren beeinflussen einander auf unterschiedlicher Art und Weise und wirken sich zusätzlich auf die Marketingfähigkeiten eines Unternehmens aus. Entrepreneurial-, Market- und Strategic-orientierte Unternehmen tendieren dazu Marketing anders einzusetzen als Unternehmen mit entgegengesetzter Orientierung. In einem turbulenten Umfeld sollte der Entrepreneuship-Gedanke in allen Aspekten des Marketings eingeführt und der Fokus auf die Antizipation und dem schnellen Reagieren auf Aktivitäten der Konkurrenz gelegt werden. Weiterhin sollten Marketingaktivitäten auf die individuellen Bedürfnisse der Kunden zugeschnitten sein (Deshpande 1999; Sanchez 1999). Die Entwicklung von kreativen Wegen zum Auf- und Ausbau von Kundenbeziehungen und die parallele Erforschung neuer Marktsegmente sind unerlässlich geworden. Unternehmen sind somit angehalten Marketingaktivitäten pro aktiv, risikoorientiert, innovativ, kundenfokussiert und wertschaffend zu gestalten. Dem Aufbau von Marketingfähigkeiten werden sowohl finanzielle als auch nicht-finanzielle Auswirkungen zugesprochen (Narver und Slater 1990, Davis, Morris und Allen 1991; Miles und Arnold 1991; Jaworski und Kohli 1993). Die oben dargestellten Beziehungen wurden in Hypothesen überführt und mit Hilfe eines auf Befragungen basierenden Datensatzes empirisch überprüft. Im Fokus der Befragung standen junge Technologie-basierte Unternehmen, sogenannte New Technology-Based Firms (NTBFs). Von 800 angeschriebenen Unternehmen beinhaltet der generierte Datensatz Informationen von 143 NTBFs aus den Sektoren Dienstleistung und produzierendes Gewerbe. Zur Überprüfung der Hypothesen wurden sowohl eine Mehrfachregressionsanalyse (multiple regression analysis) als auch Strukturgleichungsmodelle eingesetzt. Die Strukturgleichungsmodelle wurden durch den Einsatz der Software-Programme PLS und AMOS analysiert. Im Rahmen der Analysen wurden alle Hypothesen unterstützt. Der Faktor Environmental Turbulence hat einen signifikanten Einfluss auf die drei internen Faktoren. Die internen Faktoren beeinflussen einander wie postuliert und wirken sich positiv auf die Marketingfähigkeiten eines Unternehmens aus. Die Marketingfähigkeiten wiederum haben einen signifikanten und positiven Einfluss auf den Unternehmenserfolg. Die Ergebnisse bestätigen die Wichtigkeit der Auf- bzw. Ausbau von Marketingfähigkeiten für den Unternehmenserfolg.Companies today operate in an environment consisting of increased risk, uncertainty, decreased ability to forecast, fluid firm and industry boundaries. It is a competitive landscape characterised by the overriding forces of change, complexity, chaos and contradiction (Hitt and Reed 2000). The markets are shifting, overlapping and frag¬menting and the firms interact as competitors, customers, and collaborators in global knowledge economy. The distribution channels are being reshaped, reconfigured and bypassed. The customers are more knowledgeable and demanding. This has forced the companies to seek and achieve sustainable competitive advantages. The resource based view of the firm (Wernerfelt 1984, Barney 2001) places a great emphasis on competing on the basis of capabilities, both tangible and intangible (Hall 1993). To achieve com¬pe¬titive advantage, businesses must develop capabilities in different functional areas (Prahalad and Hammel, 1990). The development of marketing capabilities has been identified as one of the important ways firms can achieve a competitive advantage (Mckee et al., 1989; Day and Wensley, 1998; Day, 1994). To develop marketing capabilities, firms must develop processes that allow them to collect information about market opportunities, develop goods and servi¬ces to meet the needs of targeted customers in selected markets, price these products according to market information, communicate product advantages to potential custo¬mers and distribute products to customers (Day, 1993, 1994). These decisions are not made in a vacuum and researchers have identified various factors influencing these product-market decisions. To carry out the research, this study presents a conceptual model delineating the lin¬kages between marketing capabilities and its drivers and outcomes. The model starts with the condition in the external environment. The environmental turbulence is represented by market turbulence and technological turbulence. The model posits that the levels of external environmental turbulence directly affect the various aspects of the internal environment of the firm (intangible resources and capabilities) i.e. entrepre¬neu¬rial orientation (EO), market orientation (MO) and strategic orientation (SO) of the firm. These internal variables impact each other in different ways and influence the marketing capabilities of the firm. Where firms demonstrate stronger entrepreneurial, market and strategic orientation, they tend to approach the marketing function differently. As the environment becomes fairly turbulent, marketers must take responsibility for introducing entrepreneurship in all aspects of the firms marketing efforts. The marketers must focus more attention on anti-cipation and quickly responding to the moves of competitors. Marketing efforts have to become more customised and unique, with more customer choice in the form of a variety of value packages for different market segments (Deshpande 1999; Sanchez 1999). Finding creative ways to develop customer relationships while discovering new market segments becomes paramount. In short the firms are incentivised to engage in marketing efforts that are more opportunistic, proactive, risk assumptive, innovative, customer centric and value creating. Higher levels of marketing capabilities are expected to affect both the financial and nonfinancial outcomes. (Narver and Slater 1990, Davis, Morris and Allen 1991; Miles and Arnold 1991; Jaworski and Kohli 1993). A series of hypotheses are posited to explore the relationships discussed above. A field sur¬vey, administered to 800 new technology based firms (NTBFs) in the manufacturing and services sector is used to gather the data. Out of the 800 surveys sent, hypothe¬ses are empirically tested using structural equation modelling software’s (PLS and AMOS) and multiple regression analysis on a data set of 143 firms. Based on the analysis, all hypotheses are supported. The environmental turbulence has a significant impact on the three orientations. These three orientations impact each other as stipulated and impact the marketing capability in a positive way. Lastly, marketing capability has a positive and significant impact on firm performance. This indicates the importance of developing marketing capabilities for higher performanc
Mitigating Risk of Failure by Expanding Family Entrepreneurship and Learning from International Franchising Experiences of Johnny Rockets: A Case Study in Pakistan
No full textIt is generally believed worldwide and backed by research too that startups face a high risk of failure and eight to nine out of ten ideas may not work (Hisrich, Peters, & Shepherd, 2009). However, many experts claim that the situation can turn vice versa for family entrepreneurship (or creative family businesses) and franchise ventures (Francorp, 2016). This exploratory probe aims to discover these two phenomena for Johnny Rockets (JR) Pakistan, which is an international franchise of fast food chain of restaurants, and simultaneously it is a family business extension. Literature is reviewed from four perspectives: family entrepreneurship and business, franchise business, internationalization of companies, and fast food restaurant industry in Pakistan. Primary data is garnered from three sources: in-depth interviews from middle to top management of Johnny Rockets, owners of the franchises, and from its consumers in accordance with phenomenology method and purposive sampling to analyze their lived experiences with JR and its direct rivals. The data analytic techniques comprise thematic analysis and constant comparison. The findings unveil that in the wake of tolerating several difficulties, now Johnny Rockets seems to be on the right path of sustainable growth. The study underpins the notions that family entrepreneurship and franchise ventures enjoy a high probability of success, but it requires an organizational culture of the congenial work environment, and propensity to create a customer-centric modern learning organization, ready to accept trials and errors and continuously innovating its processes and systems
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