317 research outputs found
Phytotoxic Activity of Bioactive Compounds from Four Plants against Selected Weeds in Agriculture
Full text linkAim of the study:
Heavy doses of synthetic weed control chemicals have caused herbicide resistance in weeds. Natural compounds produced by living organisms constitute a wide field for ecologically safe herbicides. The current investigation was directed to test allelopathic potential of hexane extracts of selected plants against common weeds of agriculture.
Material and methods:
Allelopathic potential of Carica papaya, Rhazya stricta, Lantana camara and Pinus roxburghii hexane extracts against weeds viz. Euphorbia helioscopia, Rumex dentatus, Phalaris minor, Avena fatua and Chenopodium album was determined at 100%, 75% and 50% concentration on soil, filter paper and agar. Parameters for assessing allelopathic potential were the germination (%), plumule and radicle size (cm). Data analysis was performed using the software STATISTIX 9.
Results and conclusions:
Based on the findings, it was determined that R. stricta, C. papaya, L. camara and P. roxburghii hexane extract possesses possible suppression effects among which L. camara had the most conspicuous inhibition effects on selected weeds. The inhibitory effects of germination and growth were establishing in order R. stricta > L. camara > C. papaya > P. Roxburghii. Field analysis to assess the phytotoxic ability of these species to be used as herbicide is recommended
Rescue therapy with Sofosbuvir /Velpatasvir/ Voxilaprevir in a patient infected with Hepatitis C virus multidrug resistant variant—a much needed option for DAA-treatment failures in Pakistan? A case-report
Full text linkPrimary non-response to the currently available direct acting anti-viral (DAAs) in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) is rare and expected in approximately only 3-4% of the patients. Among the plausible explanations, HCV resistant variant may be one of the causes among the several other viral and host factors implicated in cases who do not achieve cure.
Ever since the approval of licensed DAAs in 2014, focus has been mainly on high cure rates. Hence, significantly less attention has been given to the few difficult to treat cases.
We present, herein, the case of a 50-year old male who had previously failed to respond to the currently available first and second-line DAA treatment and was then approved for a special treatment access programme. According to our knowledge this is the first case-report from Pakistan in favour of the physician’s directive for special treatment access for HCV DAA-experienced patients.
Keywords: Hepatitis C virus, Direct acting anti-virals, Standard of care, Pakistan
Role of biocontrol agents in weed management – recent developments and trends
Full text linkWithin integrated pest management programs, biological control of unwanted plants has remarkable capacity to provide viable, effective, and economic control of weeds. When using bio-herbicides, crop production and quality improve with virtually no damage to the ecosystem. Bioherbicides are target-specific, destroy only selected weeds that have been sprayed for and do not cause harm to non-target plants. Bio-herbicides can be quickly incorporated into weed control programs, which can reduce chemical herbicide dependence. We are also raising the chance of environmental pollution by pesticides. There are only a few bio-herbicides available on commercial bases although work began earlier in the 1940s. Sources of commercialized bioherbicides include Phytophthora palmivora (Devine), Collectotrichum gleosporiodes (Collego), Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Binomial) and Streptomyces viridochromogenes (Bialaphos and Glufosinate). Virulence for pathogens and their environmental requirement are major constraints for bioherbicide development. Specific bio-herbicides should be useful in finding position in irrigated fields, wildlife while thriving weeds with pests or resistant weed control.Within integrated pest management programs, biological control of unwanted plants has remarkable capacity to provide viable, effective, and economic control of weeds. When using bio-herbicides, crop production and quality improve with virtually no damage to the ecosystem. Bioherbicides are target-specific, destroy only selected weeds that have been sprayed for and do not cause harm to non-target plants. Bio-herbicides can be quickly incorporated into weed control programs, which can reduce chemical herbicide dependence. We are also raising the chance of environmental pollution by pesticides. There are only a few bio-herbicides available on commercial bases although work began earlier in the 1940s. Sources of commercialized bioherbicides include Phytophthora palmivora (Devine), Collectotrichum gleosporiodes (Collego), Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Binomial) and Streptomyces viridochromogenes (Bialaphos and Glufosinate). Virulence for pathogens and their environmental requirement are major constraints for bioherbicide development. Specific bio-herbicides should be useful in finding position in irrigated fields, wildlife while thriving weeds with pests or resistant weed control
Synergistic Effects of Coenzyme Q10 & L-Carnitine on Oligodendrocyte Necrosis and Myelination, in a Rat Model of Multiple Sclerosis
Full text linkObjective: Determining the synergistic effect of Coenzyme Q10 & L-Carnitine on Oligodendrocyte necrosis and
Myelination, in a rat model of Multiple sclerosis.
Study Design: Laboratory based experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Department of Anatomy, Islamic International
Medical College Rawalpindi, Pakistan from March 2022 to May 2022 in collaboration with NIH Islamabad, for a
duration of 12 weeks.
Methods: A total of fifty male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five randomized groups, each with a
distinct treatment plan. While Group 1 received a standard diet, the remaining four groups were induced with
Multiple Sclerosis and administered 0.2% Cuprizone (CPZ) over a period of 12 weeks. After four weeks, Group 3
was given 150 mg/kg/day of Coenzyme Q10/Ubiquinone (CoQ10), Group 4 received 100 mg/kg/day of LCarnitine (L-Car), and Group 5 was treated with a combination of both, all while still receiving CPZ. Upon
completion of the 12-week protocol, the rats were sacrificed, and their brains were extracted. H & E staining
was performed on coronal sections to assess any changes in oligodendrocyte necrosis, while Luxol Fast Blue
(LFB) staining was utilized to visualize alterations in myelination.
Results: The combination of CoQ10 and L-Car was significantly better than the single agents in controlling the
oligodendrocyte necrosis and controlling vacuolation of myelin, as evidenced by ANOVA and F-test.
Conclusion: This study has unequivocally demonstrated that taking CoQ10 and L-Car together has a greater
effect on promoting myelination and preventing oligodendrocyte necrosis compared to using them
individually. Therefore, it is highly recommended to prescribe both medications simultaneously for those with
multiple sclerosis, as it can potentially provide greater advantages for patients.
How to cite this: Qureshi T, Ali S, Shahid A, Beenish H, Khurshid T, Fahad T. Synergistic Effects of Coenzyme Q10 & L-Carnitine on Oligodendrocyte Necrosis and Myelination, In A Rat Model of Multiple Sclerosis. Life and Science. 2024; 5(4): 471-476. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.54
What Does It Mean to be Othered?
Full text linkIn this essay, the author describes how being a Muslim-American shaped her sense of being other
An exploration of disinfection by-products formation and governing factors in chlorinated swimming pool water
No full textThis paper investigates disinfection by-products (DBPs) formation and their relationship with governing factors in chlorinated swimming pools. The study compares concentrations of DBPs with WHO guidelines for drinking water quality recommended to screen swimming pool water quality. The statistical analysis is based on a global database of 188 swimming pools accumulated from 42 peer-reviewed journal publications from 16 countries. The mean and standard deviation of dichloroacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid were estimated as 282±437 and 326±517 μg L 1, respectively, which most often surpassed the WHO guidelines. Similarly, more than half of the examined pools had higher values of chloral hydrate (102±128 μg L 1). The concentration of total chloramines (650±490 μg L 1) was well above the WHO guidelines in all reported cases. Nevertheless, the reported values remained below the guidelines for most of the studied pools in the case of total trihalomethanes (134±160 μg L 1), dichloroacetonitrile (12±12 μg L 1) and dibromoacetonitrile (8 ±11 μg L 1). Total organic carbon, free residual chlorine, temperature, pH, total nitrogen and bromide ions play a pivotal role in DBPs formation processes. Therefore, proper management of these governing factors could significantly reduce DBPs formation, thereby, contributing towards a healthy swimming pool environment.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Sanitary Engineerin
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