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Efectos de diversas modalidades de feedback en el aprendizaje de una tarea motora compleja en el fútbol
Get PDFAquesta tesi doctoral se centra en l’efecte agut del feedback visual en vídeo d’alta velocitat en l’aprenentatge d’una habilitat motora complexa en diferents edats. El marc de referència exposa el rol del feedback en les teories de l’aprenentatge motor, diferenciant-lo en feedback intrínsec i extrínsec a través de les seves modalitats, i aprofundeix en el seu efecte en l’aprenentatge observacional visionant-lo a velocitat real i a càmera lenta. Al mateix temps, conceptualitza el terme “habilitat motora”, profunditzant en la seva especificitat fins a arribar a l’habilitat tècnica, habilitat motora complexa pròpia de l’esport. L’habilitat tècnica del xut en el futbol s’acull com a exemple d’aquesta última i es concreten les variables biomecàniques del seu patró d’execució per realitzar-lo veloç i precís. Per portar a terme la investigació es va realitzar un experiment en el qual el participant havia de xutar una pilota en moviment cap a una diana objectiu. D’aquesta habilitat motora complexa es va valorar l’estabilitat del coeficient de variació de les variables biomecàniques i el rendiment obtingut de la combinació de la velocitat de desplaçament de la pilota i la precisió del llançament en funció de l’edat del subjecte. Durant la realització de l’experiment es va subministrar feedback visual en vídeo d’alta velocitat i verbal entre intents al grup experimental. Es va comprovar el seu efecte agut en l’aprenentatge motor en adolescents (Estudi 1), en nens (Estudi 2) i entre ambdós grups (Estudi 3). També es va comparar amb el feedback visual en vídeo a velocitat real (Estudi 2). Els resultats indiquen que el feedback visual en vídeo d’alta velocitat té un efecte agut positiu en el rendiment en la fase pràctica tant en adolescents com en nens, mostrant un major impacte en el segon grup. Aquest no es manté en la fase de retenció, sent l’afecte agut del feedback visual en vídeo a velocitat real el que obté millors resultats. De la mateixa manera, també modifica el patró motor de l’habilitat tècnica del xut. L’estabilitat del coeficient de variació de les variables biomecàniques varia segons el grup d’edat.Esta tesis doctoral se centra en el efecto agudo del feedback visual en vídeo de alta velocidad en el aprendizaje de una habilidad motora compleja en diferentes edades. El marco de referencia reseña el rol del feedback en las teorías del aprendizaje motor, diferenciándolo en feedback intrínseco y extrínseco a través de sus modalidades, y ahonda en su efecto en el aprendizaje observacional, visionándolo a velocidad real y a cámara lenta. Al mismo tiempo, conceptualiza el término “habilidad motora”, profundizando en su especificidad hasta llegar a la habilidad técnica, habilidad motora compleja propia del deporte. La habilidad técnica del chute en el fútbol se acoge como ejemplo de esta última y se concretan las variables biomecánicas de su patrón de ejecución para realizarlo veloz y preciso. Para llevar a cabo la investigación, se realizó un experimento en el que el participante debía chutar una pelota en movimiento hacia una diana objetivo. De esta habilidad motora compleja se valoró la estabilidad del coeficiente de variación de las variables biomecánicas y el rendimiento obtenido de la combinación de la velocidad de desplazamiento de la pelota y la precisión del lanzamiento en función de la edad del sujeto. Durante la realización del experimento se suministró al grupo experimental, entre un ensayo y otro, feedback visual en vídeo de alta velocidad y verbal. Se comprobó su efecto agudo en el aprendizaje motor en adolescentes (Estudio 1), en niños (Estudio 2) y entre ambos grupos (Estudio 3). También se comparó con el feedback visual en vídeo a velocidad real (Estudio 2). Los resultados indican que el feedback visual en vídeo de alta velocidad tiene un efecto agudo positivo en el rendimiento en la fase práctica tanto en adolescentes como en niños, mostrando un mayor impacto en el segundo grupo. Este no se mantiene en la fase retención, siendo el efecto agudo del feedback visual en vídeo a velocidad real el que obtiene mejores resultados. Del mismo modo, también modifica el patrón motor de la habilidad técnica del chute. La estabilidad del coeficiente de variación de las variables biomecánicas varía según el grupo de edad.This PhD dissertation is focused on the acute effect of high-speed video visual feedback in the learning process of a complex motor skill at different ages. The theoretical framework emphasizes the role of feedback in motor learning theories, making a clear distinction between intrinsic and extrinsic feedback according to its characteristics, and explores its effect on observational learning depending on whether it is used in real or slow motion. At the same time, it defines the notion of complex motor skill, looking into the concept of “technical skill”, a specific sport’s complex motor skill. This research proposes football kicking as an example of this motor skill and offers a description of the different biomechanical variables at stake in the execution pattern of powerful and precise kicking. In order to conduct the investigation, a test was designed in which a participant had to put into practice the complex motor skill of kicking towards a target. In the present study, the stability of motor pattern based on the lack of variation of certain biomechanical variables, and the performance resulting from the speed of the ball as well as the accuracy of the kick and depending on the age of the subject, were assessed. During the execution of the task each experimental group was provided with high-speed video visual feedback as well as verbal feedback, between trials. The acute effects of such types of feedback upon motor learning among teenagers (Study 1), kids (Study 2) and both groups (Study 3) was demonstrated. This impact was also compared with real speed video feedback (Study 2). The results indicate that high-speed video visual feedback has an acute positive effect on the performance during the practice phase on both teenagers and children, yet with a greater impact on the second group. However, this effect did not occur in the retention phase, during which real speed video feedback provides the best results. Similarly, it also modifies the motor pattern of the kicking technical skill. The motor pattern stability of the biomechanical variables varies depending on the age group
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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