1,721,017 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Développement de marqueurs génétiques (SNPs) à partir du génome de la tique Ixodes ricinus pour l’étude de la structure génétique de ses populations à l’échelle du paysage
No full textIxodes ricinus is the main vector species for pathogenic agents transmitted by ticks in Europe. A better knowledge of its genetic variability is especially useful for the design of control methods (against tick vaccine…). Through population genetics and the assessment of gene flow, it also allows to estimate tick dispersal and hence a better understanding of tickborne diseases. We have developed a new type of molecular markers (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) by generating by pyrosequencing a large amount of sequencing reads (643 billions of nucleotides) from the I. ricinus genome. Without any reference genome available, we have used a unique bioinformatics pipeline (DiscoSneap) to isolate 1765 SNPs. Each of 384 selected loci have been validated by the genotyping of 480 individual nymphs sampled in an area located in the north of the Bretagne region containing a 1000 hectare forest surrounded by hedges. An heterozygous deficiency was observed, even at the finest spatial scale investigated, indicating a large inbreeding that could be due to the weak dispersal abilities of larvae and/or the existence of host races. All the population genetic analysis conducted suggest a large amount of gene flow within the whole studied area. Those markers provide an important tool for the investigation of genetic variability in this tick, from the building of a genetic map to the identification of genes of involved in the epidemiology of tick-borne diseases.Ixodes ricinus est la principale espèce vectrice d’agents pathogènes transmises par les tiques en Europe. Une meilleure connaissance de sa variabilité génétique constitue un apport majeur pour le développement de méthodes de lutte (vaccins anti-tiques…). Via les outils de la génétique des populations et la mesure des flux de gènes, elle permet aussi d’estimer la dispersion des tiques et donc une meilleure compréhension de l’épidémiologie de ces maladies vectorielles. Nous avons développé un nouveau type de marqueurs, les Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms en générant par pyroséquençage une quantité importante de séquences (643 millions de nucléotides) du génome d’I. ricinus. En l’absence de génome de référence, nous avons utilisé une suite originale de logiciels bioinformatiques (DiscoSneap) pour isoler 1765 SNPs. Chacun des 384 loci retenus ont été validés par le génotypage de 480 nymphes individuelles collectées dans une zone du nord de l’Ille et Vilaine comprenant un massif forestier de 1000 hectares entouré par du bocage plus ou moins dense. Un déficit en hétérozygotes a été observé, même à l’échelle la plus fine étudiée, indiquant une forte consanguinité qui pourrait être due à la faible dispersion des larves et/ou l’existence de races d’hôtes. L’ensemble des analyses de génétique des populations suggère l’existence d’importants flux de gènes à l’échelle de l’ensemble de la zone d’étude. Ces marqueurs constituent aussi un apport important pour l’étude de la variabilité génétique de cette tique, depuis l’établissement d’une carte génétique jusqu’à l’identification de gènes du vecteur impliqués dans l’épidémiologie des maladies transmises par les tiques
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Les techniques de Nouvelles Générations de Séquençage (NGS) : apports pour la génétique des populations
No full textNational audienc
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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