7 research outputs found
232 Establishing Quality and Universal Access for LGBTQIA2+ Patients (EQUAL)
No full textOBJECTIVES/GOALS: LGBTQIA2+ patients experience many healthcare inequities and often do not seek healthcare due to stigma andprevioustraumatic experiences in the healthcare system. A paucity of healthcare centersprovidesreduced-fee or free healthcare to LGBTQIA2+ individuals. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: This project was initiated by the primary author who volunteered at an established student-run free clinic in Columbus, OH. The primary author engaged other students and faculty members, including the co-authors. A needs assessment was conducted by the authors, highlighting the unique needs of LGBTQIA2+ patients in central Ohio. In April 2022, members of the community and volunteer faculty providers established the Rainbow Clinic. The Rainbow Clinic provides primary care services including sexual health/STI testing and gynecology care. The Rainbow Clinic exclusively serves members of the LGBTQIA2+ community in central Ohio and creates a safe and inclusive space to educate medical and nurse practitioner students on the care of LGBTQIA2+ patients in a culturally sensitive way. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The Rainbow Clinic has provided care for 60 patients equating to 78 visits. Most patients sought care for general primary care (17.9%), gynecological care (11.5%) or STI testing and treatment (7.7%). In addition to medical services, social work services are also provided as part of available mental health services and to provide additional linkage to care. To our knowledge, The Rainbow Clinic is the first student-run free clinic in Ohio to offer pre-exposure HIV prophylaxis (PrEP) medication as well as the required laboratory monitoring. The Rainbow Clinic has ongoing research evaluating patient comfortability throughout their encounters and has launched research studies to evaluate how best to address social determinants of health that affect the health and healthcare of the LGBTQIA2+ community. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: The Rainbow Clinic deliversfree healthcareand social work servicesto patients who experience healthcare inequities anddisparities.Additionally, the Rainbow Clinic is a source of education for medical and nurse practitionerstudents to ensure their cultural humility in treating future LGBTQ+ patients
The Siberian Branch of the Shibanid Dynasty in Sh. Marjani’s Studies
No full textObjectives and research materials: In 1885, Shihabuddin Marjani wrote the work “Mustafa al-Akhbar fi ahwal Kazan va Bulgar” (“The Mine of Information about Events in Kazan and Bulghar”). By analyzing chapters of the history on the Siberian branch of the Shibanid dynasty, the author of the present article aims to identify the main sources for the hypotheses proposed by S. Marjani. In the part of the work published in Russian, there are several stories related to representatives of the branch of the Shibanid dynasty who were enthroned in Tyumen and Siberia. Stories about them are scattered in various sections: “Section about the Toqtamishids”, “Section about the New State with the Capital in Kazan”, “Section about the Kasimov Khanate in the Lands of Kirman”, “Section about the Siberian Khans”. In addition, some information is available in the “Section about the Sheibanid Khans” and “Section about the Sheibanids Who Ruled in Mawarannahr”.
Results and novelty of the research: A comparison of Marjani’s accounts with the sources published in Russian at that time allows us to suggest that Marjani could have made use of “The Genealogical Tree of the Turks” by Abu-l-Ghazi, the “Sheibaniade” by an unknown author and published in Kazan in 1849 by I. Berezin, the “Collection of Materials Relating to the History of the Golden Horde” by V. Tizengauzen (Volume I. Extracts from Arabic sources), and “Studies of the Kasimov Tsars and Princes” by V.V. Velyaminov-Zernov. With a certain degree of probability, he also could have used the work, “Mukim-Khan’s history” by Muhammad Yusuf Munshi. In such a case, Marjani was apparently the first historian in the Russian milieu who used Munshi’s text and briefly reviewed the history of the formation and collapse of the Uzbek khanate of Abu al-Khair. Although suffering from certain factual flaws, the work of Marjani contained important information on the history of the Shibanids. Moreover, in some cases, the author’s assumptions were ahead of the historical scholarship of his time; for example, regarding the khan’s titles of Ali and Ishim. This observation indicates the need for further research into the sources used by this author
Hâfız-ı Ebrû'nun Mecma'u't-tevârîh isimli eserinin ismâilîler kısmı (giriş-tercüme-değerlendirme)
No full textBu çalışma, Hâfız-ı Ebrû’nun hayatı, eserleri ve tarihçiliği hakkında bilgi vermek ve Mecmaʿu't-tevârîh isimli eserinin İsmâilîler kısmının çevirisini sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Hâfız-ı Ebrû, Timurlu döneminin ünlü İranlı coğrafyacısı ve tarihçisidir. Ancak, onun hayatı hakkında çok fazla bilgi bulunmamaktadır ve doğum yeri, unvanları ve lakapları konusunda da bazı tartışmalar vardır. Hâfız-ı Ebrû olarak meşhur Şihabüddîn Abdullah b. Lütfûllah b. Abdilreşid el-Bihdadinî el-Hâvafî, Herat’a bağlı Bihdadin köyünde dünyaya gelmiştir. Hamedan’da eğitim görmüş ve yükselmiştir. İsmi Abdullah olan müellifin Künyesi Şihabüddîn, Lakabı da Hâfız-ı Ebrû’dur. Batı Literatüründe daha çok Hâfız-ı Ebrû olarak anılmaktadır. Tarih ve coğrafya alanlarında son derece yetkin birisi olan Hâfız-ı Ebrû gençlik yıllarından itibaren Emir Timur’un dikkatini çekmiş ve onun satranç arkadaşı olmuştur. Emir Timur’a yakınlığı sayesinde onun seferlerine katılma fırsatı bulmuş, hem elçi olarak görevlendirilmiş hem de seferler sırasında mühendis olarak da görev almıştır. Bu konumu sayesinde hem Timur döneminde hem de onun halefleri olan Şahruh Mirza ve Baysungur döneminde yaşanan hâdiseleri eserlerinde detaylı bir şekilde aktarabilmiştir. Eserlerinde sade bir dil kullanmayı tercih eden Hâfız-ı Ebrû, tarih ve coğrafya alanlarında birçok eser kaleme almıştır. Onun tarih alanında çalışmaları oldukça değerlidir. Bu alanda kaleme alınan, çalışmanın da konusunu oluşturan “Mecma‘u't-tevârîh” ya da tam adıyla “Mecmaʿu’t-tevârîhi’s-sultâniyye” önemli bir umumî tarih niteliğindedir. Yine onun kaleme aldığı “Mecmûʿa-i hâfız-ı ebrû” önemli bir derleme niteliğindedir. Onun “zeyl” çalışması da bulunmaktadır. Bu önemli zeylin ismi Zeyl-i Câmiʿu’t-tevârîh-i reşidî’dir ve bu eser adında da anlaşılacağı üzere Reşîdüddîn Fazlulah-ı Hamedânî’nin Câmiʿu’t-tevârîh isimli eserine yapılmış bir zeyldir. Coğrafya alanında da çalışması olan müellifin eseri “Coğrafya-yi hâfız-ı ebrû”dur. Müellif bu eserinde İslâm dünyasının önemli yerleri hakkında detaylı bilgiler vrmiştir. Tarih ve coğrafya alanında oldukça önemli eserler kaleme alan Hâfız-ı Ebrû, 25 Haziran 1430 yılında Azerbaycan’dan, Şahruh’un Karakoyunlularla yaptığı savaşın dönüşünde Zencân yakınlarındaki Serçem’de vefat etmiş ve naaşı Zencân’a taşınan Hâfız-ı Ebrû, Şeyh Ebü’l-Ferec-i Zencânî’nin türbesine defnedildimiştir.This work aims to provide information about the life, works, and historiography of Hafiz-i Abru and to present the translation of the Ismaili section of his work “Mecmaʿu't-tevârîh.” Hafiz-i Abru was a renowned Iranian geographer and historian during the Timurid period. However, there is limited information about his life, and there are debates about his birthplace, titles, and nicknames. Shihabuddin Abdullah bin Lutfullah bin Abdilreshid al-Bihdadini al-Hawafi, famously known as Hafiz-i Abru, was born in the village of Bihdadin near Herat. He received education in Hamedan and rose to prominence. The author, whose name is Abdullah, is known by the kunya Shihabuddin, and his nickname is Hafiz-i Abru, though he is more commonly referred to as Hafiz-i Abru in Western literature. Highly proficient in history and geography, Hafiz-i Abru drew the attention of Emir Timur from his youth and became his chess companion. Thanks to his proximity to Emir Timur, he had the opportunity to participate in military campaigns, serving both as an envoy and an engineer. His position allowed him to narrate events in detail during the Timurid era and the reigns of Timur’s successors, Shahrukh Mirza and Baysunghur. Preferring a simple language in his works, Hafiz-i Abru authored numerous works in the fields of history and geography. His contributions to the field of history are particularly valuable, with “Mecma‘u't-Tevârîh” or “Mecmaʿu’t-tevârîhi’s-sultâniyye” being a significant general history. Another notable compilation is “Mecmûʿa-i Hâfız-ı Abrû.” He also wrote a supplemental work named “Zeyl-i Câmiʿu’t-tevârîh-i Reşidî,” an addition to Rashid al-Din Fazlullah Hamedani's “Câmiʿu’t-tevârîh.” In the field of geography, Hafiz-i Abru’s work “Coğrafya-yi Hâfız-ı Abrû” provides detailed information about important locations in the Islamic world. Hafız-ı Abru, who wrote very important works in the fields of history and geography, passed away on June 25, 1430, near Zencan, on his return from Azerbaijan after Shahrukh’s battle with the Kara Koyunlu. His remains were transported to Zencan, where he was buried in the tomb of Sheikh Abul-Faraj Zencani
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in patients with multiple sclerosis: A pilot study
No full textWe explore the safety, and therapeutic benefit of intrathecal injection of ex-vivo expanded autologous bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) in 10 patients with advanced multiple sclerosis (MS). Patients were assessed at 3, 6 and 12 months. Assessment at 3-6 months revealed Expanded Disability Scale Score (EDSS) improvement in 5-7, stabilization in 1-7, and worsening in 1-7 patients. MRI at 3 months revealed new or enlarging lesions in 5-7 and Gadolinium (Gd+) enhancing lesions in 3-7 patients. Vision and low contrast sensitivity testing at 3 months showed improvement in 5-6 and worsening in 1-6 patients. Early results show hints of clinical but not radiological efficacy and evidence of safety with no serious adverse events. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.Assmus B, 2006, NEW ENGL J MED, V355, P1222, DOI 10.1056-NEJMoa051779; Bai LH, 2009, GLIA, V57, P1192, DOI 10.1002-glia.20841; CAROLL WM, 2010, NEW ENGL J MED, V362, P456; Couri CEB, 2006, BRAZ J MED BIOL RES, V39, P1271, DOI 10.1590-S0100-879X2006005000010; Freedman MS, 2010, MULT SCLER J, V16, P503, DOI 10.1177-1352458509359727; Gerdoni E, 2007, ANN NEUROL, V61, P219, DOI 10.1002-ana.21076; Gordon D, 2008, NEUROSCI LETT, V448, P71, DOI 10.1016-j.neulet.2008.10.040; Grigoriadis N, 2002, CLIN NEUROL NEUROSUR, V104, P251, DOI 10.1016-S0303-8467(02)00048-3; Horwitz EM, 2001, BLOOD, V97, P1227, DOI 10.1182-blood.V97.5.1227; Horwitz EM, 1999, NAT MED, V5, P309, DOI 10.1038-6529; Karussis D, 2008, CLIN NEUROL NEUROSUR, V110, P889, DOI 10.1016-j.clineuro.2008.02.008; Karussis D, 2008, J NEUROL SCI, V265, P131, DOI 10.1016-j.jns.2007.05.005; KASSIS I, 2008, ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO, V65, P754; Koc ON, 2002, BONE MARROW TRANSPL, V30, P215, DOI 10.1038-sj.bmt.1703650; Krampera M, 2006, CURR OPIN PHARMACOL, V6, P435, DOI 10.1016-j.coph.2006.02.008; Lunde K, 2006, NEW ENGL J MED, V355, P1199, DOI 10.1056-NEJMoa055706; Martino G, 2010, NAT REV NEUROL, V6, P247, DOI 10.1038-nrneurol.2010.35; Mazzini L, 2006, NEUROL RES, V28, P523, DOI 10.1179-016164106X116791; Mazzini L, 2010, EXP NEUROL, V223, P229, DOI [10.1016-j.expneurol.2009.08.007, 10.1016-j.expneuro1.2009.08.007]; MURRAY TJ, 2009, J NEUROL SCI S1, V277, P3; Patrikios P, 2006, BRAIN, V129, P3165, DOI 10.1093-brain-awl217; Payne N, 2008, J AUTOIMMUN, V31, P288, DOI 10.1016-j.jaut.2008.04.002; Phinney DG, 1999, J CELL BIOCHEM, V75, P424, DOI 10.1002-(SICI)1097-4644(19991201)75:3424::AID-JCB83.0.CO;2-8; Pluchino S, 2009, NEUROSCI LETT, V456, P101, DOI 10.1016-j.neulet.2008.03.097; Polman CH, 2005, ANN NEUROL, V58, P840, DOI 10.1002-ana.206703; Schachinger V, 2006, NEW ENGL J MED, V355, P1210, DOI 10.1056-NEJMoa060186; Scolding N, 2008, J NEUROL SCI, V265, P111, DOI 10.1016-j.jns.2007.08.009; Shihabuddin LS, 2010, NEUROPHARMACOLOGY, V58, P845, DOI 10.1016-j.neuropharm.2009.12.015; Slavin S, 2008, CLIN NEUROL NEUROSUR, V110, P943, DOI 10.1016-j.clineuro.2008.01.014; TALAN J, 2009, NEUROL TODAY, V9, P12; Uccelli A, 2007, REGEN MED, V2, P7, DOI 10.2217-17460751.2.1.7; Uccelli A, 2006, EXPERT OPIN BIOL TH, V6, P17, DOI 10.1517-14712598.6.1.17; UCELLI A, 2010, CURR OPIN NEUROL, V23, P218; Vosoughi R, 2010, CLIN NEUROL NEUROSUR, V112, P365, DOI 10.1016-j.clineuro.2010.03.010; Watorek E, 2006, ARCH IMMUNOL THER EX, V54, P45, DOI 10.1007-s00005-006-0004-4; Wiendl H, 2009, NEUROLOGY, V72, P1008, DOI 10.1212-01.wnl.0000344417.42972.54; Yang JX, 2009, J NEUROL SCI, V276, P1, DOI 10.1016-j.jns.2008.08.020; Zappia E, 2005, BLOOD, V106, P1755, DOI 10.1182-blood-2005-04-1496; Zhang J, 2005, EXP NEUROL, V195, P16, DOI 10.1016-j.expeneurol.2005.03.01877827
Development of Therapies for Spinal Muscular Atrophy Using Gene Therapy and Nanotechnology
No full textSpinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a genetic disease which is characterized by muscle weakness and atrophy. The disease arises from mutations in the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene causing degeneration of spinal cord motor neurons. No effective treatment is currently available for SMA however it may be possible to treat the disease using gene therapy. The aim of this project is to develop potential therapies for SMA by investigating different viral and non-viral gene therapy vectors and assessing the effect of potential disease modifying genes. The data collected are described under four chapters as follows:
1: The aim here was to develop a novel approach based on polymer nanoparticles (polymersomes) for gene delivery. Encapsulation of DNA by polymersomes was optimised and polymersomes were used to restore SMN levels into a fibroblast cell line isolated from a child with severe SMA. 2: The ability of adeno-associated virus serotype 5 (AAV5) vectors expressing GFP to transduce the central nervous system (CNS) following intravenous injection was tested in neonatal wild-type mice. Overall transduction efficiency of AAV5-GFP in the brain was low and very few lumbar spinal cord neurons were found to be transduced, suggesting that AAV5 is not an appropriate vector to treat diseases such as SMA. 3: AAV6 was used to overexpress hnRNP R in an in vivo model of SMA. hnRNP R is a candidate disease modifying gene for SMA due to its interaction with SMN and β-actin. However this strategy had only a very marginal effect on the phenotype and life-span of this SMA mouse model. 4: Finally AAV9 was used to silence phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) in an in vivo model of SMA. PTEN is a negative regulator of growth which acts on the PI3K/Akt pathway. AAV9-mediated PTEN silencing resulted in a significant increase in the lifespan of a SMA mouse model coupled with an improved phenotype.
In conclusion this work highlights two major findings: i) polymersomes can be used to deliver SMN plasmid DNA to restore SMN mRNA and protein levels in an in vitro model of SMA; ii) AAV9-mediated silencing of PTEN can improve the phenotype and increase lifespan of a SMA mouse model
