1,720,998 research outputs found
Observation of substrate-type inversion in high resistivity silicon structures irradiated with high-energy electrons
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Radiation damage of silicon structures with electrons of 900 MeV
No full textWe present first results on the irradiation of double-sided silicon microstrip detectors and test structures performed at the Elettra synchrotron radiation facility at Trieste, Italy. The devices were irradiated with 900 MeV electrons. The test structures we used for studying bulk, surface and oxide irradiation damage were guard ring diodes, gated diodes and MOS capacitors. The test structures and the double-sided microstrip detectors were produced by Micron Semiconductor Ltd. (England) and IRST (Trento, Italy). For the first time, bulk-type inversion is observed to occur after high-energy electron irradiation. Current and inter-strip resistance measurements performed on the microstrip detectors show that the devices are still usable after type inversion. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Mechanisms of sphingolipid functions during heat stress in "Saccharomyces cerevisiae"
Full text linkSphingolipids are important membrane constituents in all eukaryotic cells. Ongoing sphingolipid synthesis is required for a variety of cellular processes including response to heat shock. During heat stress, de novo sphingolipid synthesis is upregulated and mutants defective in the biosynthesis of sphingolipids show a significantly greater loss of viability. To dissect the mechanisms of sphingolipid functions during heat stress we made use of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae lcb1-100 mutant. This mutant is conditionally impaired in serine palmitoyltransferase activity, the first committed step in sphingolipid biosynthesis. lcb1-100 cells are highly sensitive to heat shock and die at elevated temperatures. In this study we could show that the increased sensitivity to heat stress in lcb1-100 cells correlated with a lack of induction of the major heat shock proteins at high temperature. This defect could be restored by the overexpression of ubiquitin, a situation that increased turnover of proteins and prevented accumulation of protein aggregates in lcb1-100 cells. These data showed that the essential function of heat shock protein induction is the removal of misfolded or aggregated proteins. Furthermore it suggested that heat stressed cells do not die because of the loss of protein activity due to their denaturation, but because of the inherent toxicity of the denatured and/or aggregated proteins. In addition we tried to explain the lack of induction of heat shock proteins in lcb1-100 cells. We could show that transcription and nuclear export of heat shock protein mRNA was not affected in these cells. Under heat stress conditions, lcb1-100 cells exhibit a strong decrease in protein synthesis and polysome analyses demonstrated a defect in translation initiation. Furthermore we demonstrate that efficient translation under these conditions relies upon the synthesis of sphingoid base. Deletion of the eIF4E binding protein Eap1p partially restores translation initiation and the synthesis of heat shock proteins in lcb-100 cells. Thus, sphingoid bases signal to the cap-dependent translation initiation apparatus to enhance heat shock protein synthesis. In addition, ubiquitin overexpression in the lcb1-100 mutant allowed recovery of translation, but not at the initial phase where heat shock proteins are made. Therefore the recovery process seems to be dependent upon the function of the heat shock proteins that are made during the initial phase of heat stress. Altogether we have uncovered a new function for sphingoid bases and provide an explanation for the sphingoid base synthesis requirement for survival during heat stress
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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