1,720,974 research outputs found
Chronological and spatial trends in pottery use revealed through lipid residue analyses of LBK pottery vessels
No full textThe ceramic assemblage recovered from the site of Ludwinowo has been extensively described by Pyzel (chapter 2.3, in this volume). More than 32,000 fragments of pottery were excavated and attributed to the LBK phases of the site, spanning more than 250 years of occupation, extending from phase I of the Kuyavian LBK (ca. 5300 calBC) to phase III (5050–5000 calBC; Pyzel, chapter 2.4 in this volume). The pottery assemblage was dominated by globular vessels (or kümpfe), followed by collared flasks and bowls (in different proportion in the different LBK phases). Potsherds perforated with millimetre-sized holes were also excavated at the site. This type of sherds has been found amongst ceramic assemblages from LBK sites across Central Europe and triggered formulation of the ‘cheese-strainers’ hypothesis by Bogucki (1984). Drawing an analogy to modern and ethnographic cheese strainers and consideration of the structure of cattle herds at the sites, Bogucki (1984) hypothesis
Struktur und Dynamik neolithischer Seeufersiedlungen. Beispiele aus Sutz-Lattrigen (Bielersee, Kanton Bern, Schweiz) zwischen 3900 und 3400 v. Chr.
No full textDie Bucht von Sutz-Lattrigen liegt am flachen Südufer des Bielersees im westschweizerischen Mittelland. Von diesem dicht besiedelten Uferabschnitt sind aus dem 39. bis 34. Jahrhundert v. Chr. die Hinterlassenschaften von fünf Siedlungen und einem Häuserpaar bekannt. Dank zahlreicher dendrochronologisch jahrgenau datierter Bauhölzer kann die Baugeschichte mehrerer Häuser und die Entwicklung verschiedener Siedlungen präzise nachgezeichnet werden. Holzartenbestimmungen und Wachstumsbilder der verwendeten Hölzer geben Hinweise auf den Bauablauf, auf verschiedene Vorlieben bei der Holzauswahl sowie auf weitere Infrastruktur der Siedlungen wie Bohlenwege und Palisaden. Die unterschiedlich alten Siedlungen wurden nach ähnlichem Schema gebaut und es lässt sich in ihnen rein architektonisch keine Hierarchie ablesen. Dennoch setzt die geplante und strukturierte Anlage der Siedlungen gewisse Organisation und Planung der Siedlungsgemeinschaften voraus. Zumindest in zwei Fällen bricht die Besiedlung während oder nur knapp nach dem Bau neuer Häuser ab, was auf eine ungeplante und abrupte Auflassung hinweist; in einem Fall kann anhand des Befundes ein Seespiegelanstieg postuliert werden. Ein Blick auf die Siedlungslandschaft rund um den Bielersee zeigt, dass Siedlungsspuren aus den immer gleichen Zeitabschnitten vorhanden sind respektive fehlen und günstige Lagen über Jahrhunderte immer wieder besiedelt wurden.The Sutz-Lattrigen bay is situated on the flat southern shore of Lake Bienne in Western Switzerland. From this densely populated shore the remains of five settlements and one pair of houses are known, which were built between the 39th and the 34th century BC. Thanks to many dendrochronologically precisely dated timbers numerous buildings of different settlements as well as the constructional history of several villages are retraceable. Determinations of the kind of woods and growing patterns of the used timbers provide information on the construction progress, show bias of the selected wood and show further infrastructure of the settlements like log paved paths and palisades. Generally the villages of different ages were built very similar and the architecture indicates no signs of hierarchical structures. However, the planned and structured construction of the settlements assumes certain forms of organisation and planning of the community of the villages. In two cases at least, the settlement was quit while building a house or briefly afterwards. This suggests an unplanned and abrupt abandoning of the settlements and in one case the archaeological record hypothesises an increase of the water level of the lake. Looking at the settlements’ scenery, we find out that all the known remains of settlements respectively the lacks of settlements date from the same periods and favourable areas were populated again and again over centuries
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Being at Home in the Early Chalcolithic. The Longhouse Phenomenon in the Brześć Kujawski Culture in the Polish Lowlands
No full textThe Brześć Kujawski culture emerged in the Polish Lowlands in the second half of the 5th millennium
BC. It shares many characteristic features with Chalcolithic cultures of the Carpathian Basin indicating that
BKK communities belonged to the wider ‘late Lengyel interaction sphere’. However, there are very striking
regional distinctions in the material culture of these communities, which appear to reflect a conscious
attempt to emphasize local identity, incorporating both innovation and conservatism. This article focuses on
one of the most distinctive features of this culture – trapezoidal longhouses, presented here in the context of
astonishingly various and hierarchical settlement system of the BKK. In this respect the iconic character of
houses expressed by the uniformity of their form and size, seems to be a deliberate decision that stressed local
identity in reference to the LBK heritage as well as other contemporary communities inhabiting the Polish
Lowlands in the 5th millennium BC
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