1,720,972 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of fluorinated peptide inhibitors of Cathepsin D
No full textLa Cathepsine D est une protéase aspartique que l'on trouve dans la majorité des cellules et des tissus des mammifères. Les fonctions physiologiques de cette enzyme sont principalement la dégradation métabolique des protéines intracellulaires, l'activation et la dégradation des hormones polypeptidiques et des facteurs de croissance et la régulation de la mort cellulaire programmée. Cependant, depuis plusieurs années, il a été démontré une corrélation entre cette enzyme et plusieurs types de maladies. En particulier, la communauté scientifique s'est intéressée à la relation entre l'augmentation du taux de Cathepsine D et certains types de cancer. Plusieurs travaux ont montré une implication directe de l'augmentation du niveau de Cathepsine D et la formation de métastases. Ainsi, l'utilisation d'inhibiteurs de la Cathepsine D pourrait être une stratégie prometteuse pour le traitement du cancer. Plusieurs inhibiteurs de cette enzyme sont connus, qu'il s'agisse de composés naturels ou synthétiques. Parmi eux, la Pepstatine A, un penta-peptide contenant deux résidus Statine, un acide β-hydroxy--aminé non naturel, est le meilleur inhibiteur connu avec une IC50 sub-nanomolaire. Néanmoins, en raison de sa faible stabilité métabolique, de sa faible sélectivité et de ses mauvaises propriétés pharmacocinétiques, son utilisation pour le traitement du cancer est limitée.L'expertise de notre laboratoire dans la synthèse asymétrique d'acides aminés fluorés nous a permis de développer une nouvelle série d'analogues fluorés de la Pepstatine A. L'introduction d'acides aminés fluorés dans la chaîne peptidique de la Pepstatine A pourrait en effet améliorer sa stabilité métabolique, ses propriétés pharmacocinétiques, sa sélectivité vis-à-vis d'autres protéases aspartiques et ouvrir la voie à des tests fonctionnels basés sur la RMN 19F.Dans ce contexte, nous avons synthétisé et évalué plusieurs inhibiteurs peptidiques fluorés de la Cathepsine D, et nous avons montré que le remplacement de la Valine en position N-terminale par une D-Trifluorométhionine dans la structure de la Pepstatine A conduit à un analogue très actif et plus sélectif.Parallèlement, nous avons conçu et synthétisé un substrat peptidique fluoré qui nous a permis de développer un test basé sur la RMN 19F (FABS : Fluorine Atoms for Biochemical Screening) pour tester l'activité biologique de nos composés sur les protéases aspartiques. Les résultats ont été comparés avec ceux obtenus avec un kit commercial de criblage d'inhibiteurs de Cathepsine D basé sur la fluorescence.Cathepsin D is an aspartyl protease which is found in almost all the cells and tissues of mammals. The physiological functions of this enzyme are mainly the metabolic degradation of intracellular proteins, activation and degradation of polypeptide hormones and growth factors and regulation of programmed cell death. However, since several years it has been demonstrated a correlation between this enzyme and several types of diseases. In particular the scientific community focused on the relation between increased level of Cathepsin D and certain types of cancer. Several works showed a direct implication of the increased level of Cathepsin D with poor prognosis and formation of metastasis. Thus, the use of inhibitors of Cathepsin D could be a promising strategy for the treatment of cancer. Several inhibitors of this enzyme are known, both natural and synthetic compounds. Among them Pepstatin A, a penta-peptide containing two residues of the non-natural -hydroxy -amino acid Statin, is the best inhibitor known with a sub-nanomolar IC50. Nevertheless, due to its poor metabolic stability, poor selectivity and poor pharmacokinetic properties, its use for the treatment of cancer is limited.The expertise of our laboratory in the asymmetric synthesis of fluorinated amino acids allowed us to develop a new series of fluorinated analogs of Pepstatin A by replacing parts of this compound with fluorinated scaffolds. The introduction of fluorinated amino acids in the peptidic scaffold of Pepstatin A, in fact, could improve the metabolic stability, the pharmacokinetic properties the selectivity despite other aspartyl proteases and open the way to 19F NMR based functional assays.In this context, we designed, synthesized and evaluated several fluorinated peptide inhibitors of Cathepsin D and we showed that the replacement of a N-terminal Valine with a D- Trifluoromethionine in the structure of Pepstatin A leads to a very potent and selective analogue.At the same time, we designed and synthesized a fluorinated peptide substrate that allowed us to develop a 19F NMR FABS (Fluorine Atoms for Biochemical Screening) based assay to test the biological activity of our compounds towards aspartyl proteases. The results have been compared with a commercial available fluorescence-based Cathepsin D inhibitors screening kit
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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