1,720,960 research outputs found
Les variants du nombre de copies dans les neuropathies périphériques héréditaires : identification et développement d’un modèle cellulaire.
No full textInherited peripheral neuropathies (IPNs) are caused by genetic alterations leading to lesions in motor and/or sensory nerves. In 1991, the duplication of PMP22 was described as the first pathogenic variation associated with IPNs. Today, with advancements in Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technologies, over 100 genes have been identified in patients with IPNs. However, the majority of detected variants in these genes are point mutations or small insertions or deletions, while Copy Number Variants (CNVs) are rarely described. In this study, we first conducted a bioinformatic analysis using the CovCopCan software to detect CNVs from NGS data. We identified 62 CNVs in 12% of our cohort of 765 patients presenting with IPNs symptoms. These CNVs were distributed among 32 IPN-associated genes, and we characterized some of these CNVs within the following genes: KIF5A, ATL3, SACS and SH3TC2. Additionally, we focused on a deletion-type CNV detected in SH3TC2 and we developed a cellular model to further explore that variant. Starting from a skin biopsy of a compound heterozygous CMT4C patient, carrying a CNV and a nonsense alteration, human induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (hiPSCs) were created. These hiPSCs were then differentiated into Schwann cells to explore the pathological mechanisms leading to patient’s phenotype. Overall, our study highlights the importance of investigating CNVs to improve IPNs’ diagnosis and establishes, for the first time, a novel cellular model to study the effects of a deletion-type CNV in a gene involved in autosomal recessive IPNs.Les neuropathies périphériques héréditaires (NPH) sont causées par des altérations génétiques entraînant des lésions des nerfs moteurs et/ou sensitifs. En 1991, la duplication de PMP22 a été décrite comme la première variation pathogène associée aux NPH. Aujourd'hui, grâce aux avancées des technologies de séquençage de nouvelle génération (NGS), plus de 100 gènes ont été identifiés chez les patients présentant des NPH. Cependant, la majorité des variants détectés dans ces gènes sont des mutations ponctuelles ou de petites insertions ou délétions, tandis que les variants du nombre de copies (CNVs) sont rarement décrits. Dans cette étude, nous avons d'abord réalisé une analyse bioinformatique en utilisant le logiciel CovCopCan, permettant de détecter des CNVs sur des données de NGS. 62 CNVs ont été détectés chez 12% de notre cohorte de 765 patients présentant de symptômes de NPH. Ces CNVs ont été repartis au sein de 32 gènes associés aux NPH et nous avons caractérisé certains de ces CNVs au sein des gènes KIF5A, ATL3, SACS et SH3TC2. En outre, nous nous sommes concentrés sur un CNV de type délétion détecté dans SH3TC2, et nous avons développé un modèle cellulaire pour caractériser cette variation. À partir d'une biopsie cutanée d'un patient hétérozygote composite atteint de CMT4C, portant à la fois un CNV et une altération non-sens, des cellules souches humaines pluripotentes induites (hiPSCs) ont été créées. Ces hiPSCs ont été ensuite différenciées en cellules de Schwann afin d’explorer les mécanismes pathologiques conduisant au phénotype du patient. Dans l'ensemble, notre étude souligne l'importance d'étudier les CNVs pour améliorer le diagnostic des NPH et a permis de développer pour la première fois un modèle cellulaire adapté à l’étude d'un CNV de type délétion dans un gène impliqué dans les NPH de transmission autosomique récessive
Copy Number Variants in Inherited Peripheral Neuropathies : identification and Cellular Model Development
No full textLes neuropathies périphériques héréditaires (NPH) sont causées par des altérations génétiques entraînant des lésions des nerfs moteurs et/ou sensitifs. En 1991, la duplication de PMP22 a été décrite comme la première variation pathogène associée aux NPH. Aujourd'hui, grâce aux avancées des technologies de séquençage de nouvelle génération (NGS), plus de 100 gènes ont été identifiés chez les patients présentant des NPH. Cependant, la majorité des variants détectés dans ces gènes sont des mutations ponctuelles ou de petites insertions ou délétions, tandis que les variants du nombre de copies (CNVs) sont rarement décrits. Dans cette étude, nous avons d'abord réalisé une analyse bioinformatique en utilisant le logiciel CovCopCan, permettant de détecter des CNVs sur des données de NGS. 62 CNVs ont été détectés chez 12% de notre cohorte de 765 patients présentant de symptômes de NPH. Ces CNVs ont été repartis au sein de 32 gènes associés aux NPH et nous avons caractérisé certains de ces CNVs au sein des gènes KIF5A, ATL3, SACS et SH3TC2. En outre, nous nous sommes concentrés sur un CNV de type délétion détecté dans SH3TC2, et nous avons développé un modèle cellulaire pour caractériser cette variation. À partir d'une biopsie cutanée d'un patient hétérozygote composite atteint de CMT4C, portant à la fois un CNV et une altération non-sens, des cellules souches humaines pluripotentes induites (hiPSCs) ont été créées. Ces hiPSCs ont été ensuite différenciées en cellules de Schwann afin d’explorer les mécanismes pathologiques conduisant au phénotype du patient. Dans l'ensemble, notre étude souligne l'importance d'étudier les CNVs pour améliorer le diagnostic des NPH et a permis de développer pour la première fois un modèle cellulaire adapté à l’étude d'un CNV de type délétion dans un gène impliqué dans les NPH de transmission autosomique récessive.Inherited peripheral neuropathies (IPNs) are caused by genetic alterations leading to lesions in motor and/or sensory nerves. In 1991, the duplication of PMP22 was described as the first pathogenic variation associated with IPNs. Today, with advancements in Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technologies, over 100 genes have been identified in patients with IPNs. However, the majority of detected variants in these genes are point mutations or small insertions or deletions, while Copy Number Variants (CNVs) are rarely described. In this study, we first conducted a bioinformatic analysis using the CovCopCan software to detect CNVs from NGS data. We identified 62 CNVs in 12% of our cohort of 765 patients presenting with IPNs symptoms. These CNVs were distributed among 32 IPN-associated genes, and we characterized some of these CNVs within the following genes: KIF5A, ATL3, SACS and SH3TC2. Additionally, we focused on a deletion-type CNV detected in SH3TC2 and we developed a cellular model to further explore that variant. Starting from a skin biopsy of a compound heterozygous CMT4C patient, carrying a CNV and a nonsense alteration, human induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (hiPSCs) were created. These hiPSCs were then differentiated into Schwann cells to explore the pathological mechanisms leading to patient’s phenotype. Overall, our study highlights the importance of investigating CNVs to improve IPNs’ diagnosis and establishes, for the first time, a novel cellular model to study the effects of a deletion-type CNV in a gene involved in autosomal recessive IPNs
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
