921,249 research outputs found
AN EVALUATION OF THE EFG GROWTH MODEL IN ITS CAPACITY TO PREDICT AMINO ACID REQUIREMENTS IN BROILERS
No full textAn experiment imposing the multi continuous phase feeding was carried out to evaluate the EFG
(Emman, Fisher and Gous) Growth Model in its capacity to predict amino acid requirements in broilers.
Birds were fed using blended summit (247.91g/kg CP, 3200 kcal of ME /kg) and dilution (166.26 g/kg
CP, 3200 kcal of ME g/kg ) diets and offered to 2-4 or 8 phases. Two hundred male day-old broiler
chicks of two commercial strains (A=Ingham and B = Steggles) were used. The predicted responses
were greater than the observed both gain (g/d) and feed intake (g/d). The discrepancy between the
observed and predicted gain in the strain A and B birds, showed a different pattern, with a marked
difference during the early growing period, with a degree of convergence in the late growing period for
the strain A but the reverse picture for the strain B. This shows that strain characterization is not
accurate due to an inadequate definition of the genotypes by the model. Non agreement between
predicted and determined gain and feed intakes provided little benefit in moving towards a more
frequent change in diet to accommodate predicted growth-related changes in amino acid requirements.
Keywords : broiler, feed intake, growth, predicted, observe
Barbara Pym\u27s narrative intersections
No full textThe project of this dissertation is to place Barbara Pym\u27s realism in the context of modernism, anti-modernism, and postmodernism in the twentieth-century English novel. My argument is not that Pym is a late modernist or that she is, per se, a long-lost Postmodernist. She is a realist who has learned the lessons of the former and whose traditional, linear narratives are punctuated by moments of awareness to the fragmented nature of identity and by blips of authorial acknowledgement and even laughter over the simultaneous separation and blending of the text world in which characters live with the real worlds of the author and the reader. The remaining chapters that follow proceed in a manner of accretion and expansion, as I further define the descriptive narrative categories I broach in the Introduction by means of providing close readings of Pym\u27s own narratives. In Chapter I, I look at Pym\u27s diaries and letters as discursive embodiments of her earliest narrative attempts to make sense of identity, romantic love, and the fictive process in terms of the cultural narratives explored and exposed by such postmodern theorists as Mikhail Bakhtin and Peter Brooks. In Chapter II, I more thoroughly interrogate the realisms of Austen and Woolf and then offer a reading of Excellent Women as an example of the ways in which Pym uses her knowledge of both authors to create her own narrative paradigm. Chapter III looks at Jane and Prudence, No Fond Return of Love, A Few Green Leaves, and Less than Angels in order to emphasize Pym\u27s thematic and stylistic commitment to detachment as a means of standing back from life in order to record it, savour it, and even protect oneself from it, and then in the act of discursive distancing actually reconnecting to community. And Chapter IV then engages An Unsuitable Attachment , The Sweet Dove Died, and Quartet in Autumn as examples of Pym\u27s comic, novel-of manners brand of postmodern ontology as defined by Brian McHale
Disassembly of Exon Junction Complexes by PYM
No full textSummaryExon junction complexes (EJCs) are deposited onto mRNAs during splicing, serve as positional landmarks for the intron exon structure of genes, and direct posttranscriptional processes in the cytoplasm. EJC removal and recycling by translation are ill understood and have been attributed to ribosomal passage. This work identifies the ribosome-associated protein PYM as an EJC disassembly factor and defines its mechanism of function. Whereas EJC assembly intermediates are resistant to PYM, fully assembled EJCs are dissociated from spliced mRNAs by PYM. This disassembly involves PYM binding to the EJC proteins MAGOH-Y14. PYM overexpression in cells disrupts EJC association with spliced mRNA and inhibits nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. In cells depleted of PYM, EJCs accumulate on spliced mRNAs and EJC protein recycling is impaired. Hence, PYM is an EJC disassembly factor that acts both in vitro and in living cells, and that antagonizes important EJC functions
The Anglican Clergy in the Novels of Barbara Pym
No full textBarbara Pym, a mid twentieth-century British novelist of manners, peoples her twelve novels and shorter works with Anglican clergymen and the excellent women of a certain age who are their parishoners. This study examines the development of clerical types in her novels, shows how these types are descended from earlier writers such as Jane Austen, the Brontës and Anthony Trollope and traces the fortunes of the mid twentieth-century Anglican Church in her work.
My research was facilitated by having access to Barbara Pym\u27s letters, journals and personal papers in the Bodleian Library, Oxford, and by having the opportunity to interview her sister, Hilary Pym Walton, in Oxford.
In her earliest novels Pym depicts the Anglican clergy as ineffectual and humorous but central to community life. In her middle and later work she traces the decline of the Anglican Church and the rise of the Welfare State, which does not fill the void left by the Church. Pym examines the question, what creates a sense of community and purpose in the modern world? Pym\u27s friend, the poet Philip Larkin, who looks at some of the same issues in his work, shared ideas with her over the years via a large collection of letters, which shed light on the methods both writers were employing.
Barbara Pym finds that the Anglican Church has lost much vigor but does still serve in a modest way as a state church and source of cohesion
Elements of satire in the novels of Barbara Pym
No full textThis dissertation examines the twelve novels of Barbara Pym as satiric comedies that attack a series of specific targets and expose social conditions that the author views as absurd and deplorable. In her works, she describes a barren world where men are unimaginative, inept and insensitive towards women; clerics, academics and spouses are sadly ineffectual; and the social institutions they represent--anthropology, Anglicanism and marriage--are unable to inspire a modern society that is growing increasingly insular and apathetic. The study includes close readings of the nine novels published in Pym\u27s lifetime and of three posthumous works: An Unsuitable Attachment, Crampton Hodnet and An Academic Question. Special attention is given to Pym\u27s last four novels which are separated from the other works by a period of sixteen years, when the novelist continued to write but could not find a publisher for her work. The Sweet Dove Died, An Academic Question, Quartet in Autumn and A Few Green Leaves are noticeably more satiric in tone, with darker characterizations and settings and a more pessimistic, overtly critical outlook on modern society. Although the language of Barbara Pym\u27s novels lacks the coarseness and savage indignation associated with Juvenalian satire, she is writing satirically, nonetheless. Instead of invective, she uses a lighter, more Horatian tone to ridicule her targets. Distortion of characters, particularly in the form of literary caricatures, appears in all of her novels. Another important satiric feature of many Pym novels is the ameliorative function of her main character, the excellent woman, who is forced into the role of a social outsider because she is unmarried, middle-aged and trapped in an unexciting career. Through her heroines\u27 experiences, Pym teaches us an ironic lesson: that the excellent woman deserves neither pity nor contempt and that, compared to the world of bumblers and egotists around her, she is not a loser at all. Overall, the Pym novels entertain us with their mockery of a cold, absurd outer world, but they also change our social attitudes by taking us inside the warm, imaginative world of the excellent woman
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Regulation of PYM function by its domains.
No full text<p>(A) Lysates of S2 cells co-expressing HA-eIF4AIII and GFP (control) or GFP-tagged PYM proteins (as indicated at the top of the panel) were immunoprecipitated using protein G (Mock), GFP-Trap (α-GFP IP) and anti-HA (α -HA IP) beads. Input panel shows 1.6% of the extracts and the bound fractions are shown in separate panels. The antibodies used for western analysis are indicated on the right of the panel. The anti-PYM antibody was not used for detection of PYM-GFP proteins due its preferential detection of the <i>Dm</i>PYM C-terminus (data not shown). Arrow and arrowhead indicate endogenous and HA-tagged eIF4AIII proteins, respectively. (B) Lysates of S2 cells expressing GFP (control) or GFP-tagged FL-, ΔC-, or N-PYM proteins were subjected to immunoprecipitation using protein G (Mock) or GFP-Trap (GFP IP) beads under native and DSP cross-linked conditions. 1.6% and 0.32% of inputs utilised in IPs were loaded in lanes 1, 7, 13, 19 and lanes 2, 8, 14, 20, respectively. Bound fractions (20%) were loaded in lanes 4, 10, 16, 22, and the corresponding 5× and 20× dilutions in lanes 5, 11, 17, 23 and lanes 6, 12, 18, 24 respectively. Lanes 3, 9, 15 and 21 contain 20% of the mock IP precipitates. Antibodies utilized for the western blot analysis are indicated at the right of the panels. (C) CoIP efficiencies of Mago and Y14 with GFP (control) or GFP-tagged FL-, ΔC- and N-PYM proteins under native (left panel) and DSP cross-linked (right panel) conditions. Mago and Y14 coIP efficiency is defined as a percentage of measured GFP enrichment in the corresponding GFP IPs. Plotted bar values represent the mean of two biological and four technical replicates.</p
Translation as an instrument for multilingual democracy
No full textTranslation Studies, in its foundational terms, must assume multilingualism but has also long presupposed monoglots: whenever our models separate 'source language' from 'target language,' we present translations as border-markers between monolingual spaces. One way forward is to find translation in all communication, within all linguistic spaces, to an extent that would dissolve any pretense at monolingualism. An alternative solution, more tied to empirical historiography, is to trace the ways in which multilingual ideological formations use translation in order to divide linguistic spaces at the same time as they expand across those same spaces. Using numerous local examples, Pym¿s article examines the use of translators and interpreters to bring about multilingual democracies and considers the ways in which current technologies and practices of translation are reshaping answers to the question
Possible Worlds and Resources: The Semantics of BI
No full textAbstractThe logic of bunched implications, BI, is a substructural system which freely combines an additive (intuitionistic) and a multiplicative (linear) implication via bunches (contexts with two combining operations, one which admits Weakening and Contraction and one which does not). BI may be seen to arise from two main perspectives. On the one hand, from proof-theoretic or categorical concerns and, on the other, from a possible-worlds semantics based on preordered (commutative) monoids. This semantics may be motivated from a basic model of the notion of resource. We explain BI's proof-theoretic, categorical and semantic origins. We discuss in detail the question of completeness, explaining the essential distinction between BI with and without ⊥ (the unit of ∨). We give an extensive discussion of BI as a semantically based logic of resources, giving concrete models based on Petri nets, ambients, computer memory, logic programming, and money
Over-expression of the N-terminal of <i>Dm</i>PYM affects <i>oskar</i> transport.
No full text<p>(A–F) Distribution of Staufen (red, left panel) and Oskar (greyscale, right panel) proteins as revealed by immunostaining of wild-type stage 9 egg-chambers expressing GFP-tagged PYM transgenes as indicated to the right of the panel. DAPI is in cyan. Scale bar 25 µm. (G–I) Fluorescent <i>in situ</i> hybridization and immunostaining showing the distribution pattern of <i>oskar</i> mRNA (red; left panel) and Oskar protein (greyscale; right panel) in <i>osk<sup>A87</sup></i>/+ egg-chambers expressing FLAG-FL-PYM (G), FLAG-ΔC-PYM (H), or FLAG-ΔN-PYM (I). <i>oskar</i> mRNA was detected using a <i>oskar</i> 3′UTR probe. DAPI is shown in cyan. Scale bar 25 µm. (J and K) Immunoprecipitation from cytoplasmic extracts from <i>osk<sup>A87</sup>/+</i> ovaries expressing FLAG-tagged PYM proteins using mouse anti-FLAG antibody. The protein precipitates from <i>osk<sup>A87</sup>/+</i> (J, lanes 3 and 5), and <i>osk<sup>A87</sup>/+</i> expressing FL-PYM (J, lanes 4 and 6), ΔN-PYM (K, lanes 4 and 6), or ΔC-PYM (K, lanes 3 and 5) ovarian extracts were western blotted and probed with the antibodies indicated at the right of the panels. The inputs (1%) are shown in lanes 1 and 2 of the panels. Endogenous PYM is indicated by an arrow. The electrophoretic mobility of the FLAG-ΔN- and ΔC-PYM proteins in K is indistinguishable from that of the endogenous PYM protein. An asterisk denotes the IgG heavy chain.</p
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