1,720,957 research outputs found
Russian Genocide in Ukraine as an Attempt to Destroy the Ukrainian Nation
No full textThe article assesses the recent and ongoing criminal acts of the Russian Federation in terms of their compliance with existing international crimes, in particular with the crime of genocide, with the aim of correct criminal-law qualification. It provides an analysis of actus reus of genocide as an international crime under the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (hereinafter: Convention). The illegal action of the Russian Federation is analysed in the context of the so-called “denazification,” as the main goal of the full-scale aggression of Ukraine. The author attempts to show the distinction between the groups protected by the aforementioned Convention and the term “Nation,” which seems to have much broader sense. The author also concludes that the actus reus of the Russian perpetrators is not aimed solely at the destruction of any of the groups of the Convention, but actually at the destruction of the Ukrainian nation, its culture, language, history and statehood. In this context, the views of Raphael Lemkin, the founder of the concept of genocide as an international crime, are analysed. The necessity of international legal qualification of the actions of the Russian Federation as a new international crime has been substantiated and its conditional name – “natiocide” is proposed
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Forced Passportization and the Problem of Its Criminalization in the International Law
No full textThe article analyses the problem of forced passportization of Ukrainian citizens in the temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine by the Russian occupation authorities during Russia’s armed aggression against Ukraine. This process began as early as the period of the illegal occupation of Crimea and its scale significantly increased with the beginning of the full-scale invasion on February 24, 2022. It is stressed that the forcing of Ukrainians to obtain Russian citizenship is carried out as part of the Russian authorities’ policy. In this context, we analyse the latest legislation of the Russian Federation which relates to the procedure for granting Russian citizenship by the Russian occupation authorities. Examples of forcing Ukrainians living in the occupied territories to obtain citizenship of the Russian Federation through intimidation, threats, and deprivation of basic human rights and freedoms are cited. Forced passportization in the occupied territories of Ukraine, carried out by the Russian authorities, is a violation of the International Humanitarian Law, in particular Article 4 of the IV Geneva Convention of 1949 “On the Protection of the Civilian Persons in the time of war” and Article 4 of the IV Hague Convention of 1907, which prohibits forcing the inhabitants to swear allegiance to the occupying power. It has been established that in contemporary international law, coercion to obtain citizenship of the occupying power does not constitute an independent component of a war crime. It is concluded that such violations of International Humanitarian Law may constitute a war crime and it indicates the need for the criminalization of forced passportization by amending the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. It is proposed to constitute a new war crime by adding to Paragraph 2 (b) of Article 8 of the Statute of the International Criminal Court a new war crime: forcing the inhabitants of the occupied territories to obtain citizenship of the occupying state
The oral and visual image of enemy in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the 16th-17th centuries (the example of Turks and Tatars)
Get PDFArtykuł poświęcony jest sposobom przedstawiania Turków i Tatarów w polskiej publicystyce politycznej w XVI-XVII
wieku. Autorzy odnoszą się do często używanych obrazów i stałego zestawu cech wykorzystywanych do ich opisu. Turcy
często nazywani byli smokami, a Imperium Osmańskie i Istambuł znane było jako Smok Bosporu. Mówiąc o Tatarach,
ludzie najczęściej upodabniali ich do psów lub wilków. Semantyka obrazu smoka i psa/wilka miała negatywne konotacje
i jest głęboko zakorzeniona w kulturze tamtych czasów. W opisie Tatarów wskazywano na ich nieatrakcyjny wygląd, co
było związane z zasadami estetyki. Natomiast w opisie państwa tureckiego często mieliśmy do czynienia z
idealistycznym obraz Imperium Osmańskiego. Autorzy podkreślali dominację prawa, dyscyplinę wojskową i możliwości
kariery w społeczeństwie osmańskim. Ten opis Turcji daleki był od prawdy i stanowił odpowiedź na wewnętrzne problemy
Rzeczpospolitej Obojga Narodów.The article is devoted to the ways Turks and Tatars in Polish were presented in political journalism in the 16th and
17th centuries. The authors referred to frequently used images and constant set of characteristics in their
depiction. Turks were often called dragons and the Ottoman Empire and Istanbul were described as a Bosporus dragon.
Speaking about Tatars, people mainly referred to them by using the image of a dog or a wolf. The semantics of a
dragon’s and a dog’s / wolf’s image were deeply rooted in the culture of that time and had negative connotations. By
describing the Tatars in such a way, their unattractive appearance was suggested, which was connected to the
principles of aesthetics. Whereas in the description of the Turkish state, there was often an idealistic image of
the Ottoman Empire, and analyzed papers emphasized the domination of law, military discipline, career opportunities
in the Ottoman society. This description of Turkey was far from the truth and was a response to internal problems of
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
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