130,624 research outputs found
Carol D. Pyles
No full textBlack and white portrait photograph, with caption below image: Dr. Carol D. Pyles, Dean, 163 Lantz (annotated in pencil: 1990/91). Pyles served as Dean of the College of Health, Physical Education and Recreation from 1987 to 1991.https://thekeep.eiu.edu/archives_faculty_mr/1356/thumbnail.jp
Explicating the Face Perception Network with White Matter Connectivity
No full textA network of multiple brain regions is recruited in face perception. Our understanding of the functional properties of this network can be facilitated by explicating the structural white matter connections that exist between its functional nodes. We accomplished this using functional MRI (fMRI) in combination with fiber tractography on high angular resolution diffusion weighted imaging data. We identified the three nodes of the core face network: the "occipital face area" (OFA), the "fusiform face area" (mid-fusiform gyrus or mFus), and the superior temporal sulcus (STS). Additionally, a region of the anterior temporal lobe (aIT), implicated as being important for face perception was identified. Our data suggest that we can further divide the OFA into multiple anatomically distinct clusters - a partitioning consistent with several recent neuroimaging results. More generally, structural white matter connectivity within this network revealed: 1) Connectivity between aIT and mFus, and between aIT and occipital regions, consistent with studies implicating this posterior to anterior pathway as critical to normal face processing; 2) Strong connectivity between mFus and each of the occipital face-selective regions, suggesting that these three areas may subserve different functional roles; 3) Almost no connectivity between STS and mFus, or between STS and the other face-selective regions. Overall, our findings suggest a re-evaluation of the "core" face network with respect to what functional areas are or are not included in this network. © 2013 Pyles et al
MeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
No full textInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
Urban metabolism and climate change: A planning support system
No full textPatterns of urban development influence flows of material and energy within urban settlements and exchanges with its surrounding. In recent years the quantitative estimation of the components of the so-called urban metabolism has increasingly attracted the attention of researchers from different fields. To contribute to this effort we developed a modelling framework for estimating the carbon exchanges together with sensible and latent heat fluxes and air temperature in relation to alternative land-use scenarios. The framework bundles three components: (i) a Cellular Automata model for the simulation of the urban land-use dynamics; (ii) a transportation model for estimating the variation of the transportation network load and (iii) the Advanced Canopy-Atmosphere-Soil Algorithm (ACASA) model tightly coupled with the mesoscale weather forecasting model WRF. We present and discuss the results of an example application on the City of Florence
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Compensational behavior of three debris-flow fans in southern Colorado
No full text2014 Spring.Includes illustrations (some color), color maps.Includes bibliographical references (pages 45-46).Building an understanding of debris-flow avulsion tendencies would deepen the understanding of sediment transport modes and inform hazard assessment and mitigation by suggesting the paths of future debris-flows following channel avulsion. To explore these tendencies, three debris fans were selected in southern Colorado for compensational analysis. Compensation refers to the tendency of discrete flow events to preferentially fill topographic lows following channel avulsions (Straub et al., 2009). By assessing the level of compensational behavior within each fan, it was possible to predict, in a general sense, the avulsion tendency. To assess the level of compensation present within each fan, outcrops where either natural or anthropogenic processes had acted to expose strata were located and subdivided into discrete depositional units. The relative size and positioning of each unit was used in a statistical analysis of compensation within each debris fan system. The result of this analysis was a single number, referred to as the modified compensation index (Straub and Pyles, 2012), for each outcrop which varied from 0.63 to 1.03 across the three exposures. Values close to 0.5 represent intermediate avulsion tendencies within a fan, while results approaching 1.0 reflect more compensational behavior. Values less than 0.5 correspond to anti-compensational, or aggradational behavior which is rarely observed in nature (Straub and Pyles, 2012). The results of this project include a correlation assessment of modified compensation indices versus other data collected in the field and interpreted in the lab including: the percent stream flow material by area, percent clay by mass in the matrix, percent by volume of pebble-sized clasts, percent by volume of cobble-sized and greater clasts, maximum observed unit thickness, observed unit width, unit width-to-thickness ratio, fractional outcrop distance from the fan apex, and absolute distance of outcrop from the fan apex. It is intended that engineers and developers may predict the level of compensation and therefore the avulsion habits of a debris fan by observing a combination of these readily measurable parameters. As a result, mitigation methods could be selected and arranged more strategically to account for the likely direction of debris-flow avulsions in the future
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Scholarly Communication and Publishing Lunch and Learn Talk #11: The ULS Open Access Author Fee Fund
No full textAt the May 2014 talk, you will learn about the ULS Open Access Author Fee Fund--what it is, why we do it, how it works, and how the program is going so far
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