1,720,975 research outputs found
The subjective architects: when tweens learn to immaterial labor
No full textThe rapid rise of the tween, an influential market-constructed demographic of youth between the ages of 8 and 13, raises several questions. How and why did the tween emerge? How do we account for this downward trend in marketing and the corporate targeting of younger and younger children? And most importantly, for the purposes of my argument, what role has immaterial labor played in demarcating this new category of youth? Initially, Hardt and Negri theorized the shift of production outside the factory walls; this diffused, expanded and intensified production now accounts for new modes of sociality and hence modalities of subjectivization required for capital’s reproduction. As such, the concept of immaterial labor, beginning with Maurizio Lazzarato and extended by Hardt and Negri, is paramount for accounting for new subjective formations such as the tween. This paper illustrates the intensification of immaterial labor by examining how the tween has already “learned to immaterial labor 2.0”. By so doing, it examines the synergy that flows out of the ease in which this demographic moves between the virtual and the material and the marketing practices used to engage and capitalize on their mediated cultural practices
Social networks and cultural workers: towards an archive for the prosumer
No full textThe cultural worker is a key figure in social networks, producing the vast amounts of data which are integral to the profits sites of sites such as Facebook. This paper develops a conceptual framework that accounts for the contradictory ways in which user-generated data both extends networks of connectivity, while simultaneously renders subjects more productive within our information economy. By theorizing the digital profile as a personal archive I want to account for the ways in which digital archives of users on-line straddle the fine line between extension and domination, or rather between a desire for connectivity and the accumulation of surplus value based on the immaterial labour of those who frequent these socially networked spaces. The archive as a conceptual framework offers a theoretical paradigm to grasp the impact social media is having on the everyday lived experiences of users participate on-line and who are ultimately rendered productive as a very specific manifestation of the cultural worker – the prosumer
Learning to immaterial labour 2.0: MySpace and immaterial labour
No full textWhy did News Corporation spend $580 million on MySpace, one of the fastest growing websites on the internet? Our contention is that it contains a dynamic new source of creative power: what we call ‘immaterial labour 2.0’. MySpace is where (mostly) youth ‘learn’ to expand their cultural and communicative capacities by constructing online subjectivities in an open-ended process of becoming. The labour performed therein is one of modulation and variation in the networked formations that result in an exponential expansion of discrete nodes of both affect and affinity and of potential surplus value. We present immaterial labour 2.0 as an ambivalent modality of both biopower and biopolitical production, and as an exemplar of the paradigm shift underway in our interface with popular culture, media, and information and communication technology. By recalling Dallas Smythe’s ‘audience commodity’ we contrast the ‘producibility’ of subjects in relation to broadcast media with the ‘productivity’ of immaterial labour 2.0 in social networks like MySpac
Social networks: erziehung zur immateriellen arbeit 2.0
No full textAbstract taken from the English language original (Immaterial Labour 2.0. or, Learning to Like Social Networks):
"Can one already glimpse the outlines of these future forms of resistance,capable of standing up to marketing’s blandishments? Many young people have a strange craving to be ‘motivated’, they’re always asking for special courses and continuing education; it is their job to discover whose ends these serve, just as older people discovered, with considerable difficulty, who was benefiting from disciplines. A snake’s coils are even more intricate than a mole’s burrow." (Deleuze, 1995, p. 182)
Facebook is undoubtedly the biggest and brightest new star of the media firmament. There are now 500 million users and counting, making it the world’s second most popular website, behind only Google. More importantly, Facebook users log an average of 60 minutes each day, by visiting the site an astounding 13 times from the time they wake up to the time they go to sleep (Facebook 2011). The superlatives of Facebook are not limited to the social and communicative realm. In early 2011, its market value was pegged at almost $83 B (TechCrunch, 2011a). Given that Facebook has only been open to the general public since the fall of 2006, it seems likely that its social, and political-economic significance will only increase in the foreseeable future. Indeed, it is our contention that social networks like Facebook are not only exemplary of what is increasingly known as the Web 2.0, they are also paradigmatic of an emergent form of 'immaterial labour'
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
"Sexual Context Collapse” on TikTok: Platform Politics, Content Moderation, and User Agency in Platform Governance
No full textThis dissertation investigates the mechanisms of governance and political interaction on TikTok, focusing on the intricate processes governing the creation and regulation of sexual content. It scrutinizes the interconnections of user agency, performative acts, and the dominant power frameworks that shape the terrain of sexual politics and corporeal rights on the platform. By integrating insights from Digital Media Studies, Socio-Technical Studies, and Political Science, the dissertation situates the production, mediation, and regulation of public social media content within the nexus of sexuality, performance, and technology. Utilizing a multi- method qualitative approach, the study intertwines prolonged observation spanning two years, video content analysis of one thousand TikTok videos, and semi-structured interviews with seventeen creators of sexual content. The findings reveal a tension between individual creativity and platform governance, shedding light on the intricate balance between digital autonomy and censorship in the contemporary domain of human sexuality and social media. Another key contribution of the study is the development of the "sexual content" typology and the "sexual context collapse framework," which can be instrumental theoretical frameworks for dissecting sexual content and its contextual nuances on platforms like TikTok. The dissertation enriches our comprehension of content creation and moderation as facets of social media platform governance, underscoring the urgency for transparent and equitable moderation practices amidst the rapidly evolving technological landscape and changing socio-sexual paradigms
- …
