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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Interaction entre les crossing-overs méiotiques et l’architecture du chromosome : rôle du complexe spécifique de la méiose Zip2-Zip4-Spo16
No full textMeiosis is a highly conserved mechanism among organisms with sexual development. This process consists in producing four haploid gametes from one diploid cell by executing two successive rounds of cell division. During the first meiotic division, reciprocal exchanges of parental DNA strands, also known as crossing-overs (COs), ensure the faithful segregation of homologous chromosomes. COs arise from a specific type of DNA repair, homologous recombination. This pathway is initiated by the simultaneous induction of hundreds of double strand breaks (DSBs) in the genome. In budding yeast, the major CO pathway is promoted by a family of eight conserved proteins, named ZMMs (acronym for Zip1/2/3/4-Msh4/5-Mer3-Spo16), involved in recognizing and stabilizing DNA intermediates formed during homologous recombination. We showed that the Zip4 protein forms a stable tripartite complex with two other ZMM proteins, Zip2 and Spo16. Our data suggests that the Zip2-Zip4-Spo16 (ZZS) complex binds recombination intermediates through its XPF-ERCC1-like domain and drives them towards a CO fate. The homologs of Zip2 and Zip4 in mammals, SHOC1 and TEX11 respectively, have been described, but no Spo16 homolog has been found so far. We could identify the homolog of Spo16 in mammals by an in silico screen, MmSPO16. In addition, I could co-purify MmSPO16 with the XPF domain of SHOC1, thus revealing the potential conservation of the entire ZZS complex in mammals. ZMM-dependent COs are formed within the context of a meiosis-specific structure, named synaptonemal complex (SC). The SC is a proteinaceous structure composed of two axial elements physically maintained together at a precise distance of 100 nm by a central region. The central region encompasses a central element, composed of the two proteins Ecm11 and Gmc2, and the transverse filaments composed of Zip1. The transverse filaments from opposing axial elements overlap and bind head-to-head in the central element. However, despite evidence of a close relationship between SC assembly and CO formation, nothing is known about a direct link that could coordinate these two events spatially and temporally. During my PhD, I found a new interaction between the SC protein Ecm11 and the ZMM protein Zip4. This newly discovered interaction is necessary for Ecm11 association and polymerization on chromosomes, the SC assembly and the homolog disjunction in meiosis I. Our results suggest a direct connection that ensures SC assembly from CO sites through the Zip4-Ecm11 interaction. This way, ensuring SC polymerization from emerging CO sites could be a way of fine-tuning CO distribution, by participating to CO interference and/or by regulating nearby DSB formation. Moreover, I could identify an interaction between the mammalian ortholog of Zip4, TEX11, and one of the five members composing the SC central element, TEX12, raising the possibility that this mechanism synchronizing CO formation and SC polymerization could be conserved.La méiose est une étape essentielle de la reproduction chez tous les organismes sexués. En effet, celle-ci permet l’obtention de quatre gamètes haploïdes à partir d’une seule cellule diploïde grâce à la réalisation deux divisions successives suivant une seule étape de réplication. Un des éléments essentiels permettant une bonne ségrégation en première division méiotique est la création d’un échange physique entre les chromosomes homologues parentaux. Ce lien physique, plus communément appelé crossing-over (CO), est produit par un mécanisme de recombinaison entre les chromosomes homologues au cours de la prophase I méiotique. La recombinaison homologue est initiée par la formation simultanée de nombreuses cassures double-brin au sein du génome. Chez la levure de boulanger, la formation des COs est dépendante de la famille protéique ZMM (un acronyme pour Zip1/2/3/4-Msh4/5-Mer3-Spo16) composée de huit protéines hautement conservées, et impliquées dans la reconnaissance et la stabilisation des intermédiaires d’ADN formés au cours de la recombinaison homologue. Nous avons montré que la protéine Zip4 forme un complexe stable avec deux autres protéines ZMM, Zip2 et Spo16. Le complexe Zip2-Zip4-Spo16 (ZZS), de type XPF-ERCC1, serait capable de reconnaitre et de stabiliser les intermédiaires de recombinaison afin de promouvoir leur réparation en tant que CO. Chez les mammifères, Zip2 et Zip4 possèdent des homologues décrits, SHOC1 et TEX11 respectivement, mais aucun homologue n’a été découvert pour Spo16. Nous avons réalisé une analyse in silico et pu déterminer un homologue de Spo16 chez les mammifères, MmSPO16. Par la suite, j’ai pu co-purifier MmSPO16 avec le domaine XPF de SHOC1, ce qui suggère la conservation du complexe ZZS chez les mammifères. De plus, le processus de formation des COs est corrélé́ à la mise en place d’un complexe protéique formé entre les deux chromosomes homologues, appelé complexe synaptonémal (CS). Le CS est composé de deux éléments axiaux, accolés entre eux à une distance précise de 100 nm par la région centrale. La région centrale comprend un élément central, composé de l’hétérodimère Ecm11-Gmc2, et d’un élément transversal formé par la protéine Zip1. Les éléments transversaux partant des axes opposés se lient tête-bêche au niveau de l’élément central. Malgré des liens fonctionnels évidents entre la formation des COs et l’assemblage du CS entre les chromosomes homologues, aucun lien physique direct n’a été établi à ce jour. Au cours de mon doctorat, j’ai pu démontrer l’existence d’une interaction physique entre la protéine du CS Ecm11 et la protéine ZMM Zip4. Cette interaction est nécessaire pour la localisation et la polymérisation d’Ecm11 sur les chromosomes, l’assemblage correct du CS et la ségrégation des chromosomes homologues en première division méiotique
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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