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Revisão taxônomica e relação filogenética das espécies de Crenicichla grupo wallacii (Perciformes: Cichlidae)
Get PDFCrenicichla wallacii group sensu Kullander (1990) was compose of six species (update in 1991,
with description of C. virgatula). Taxonomy revision of Crenicichla wallacii group had type
material and non-type found at nationals collections (INPA, MPEG, MZUSP), plus loans of
international collection in partnership (ANSP, Philadelphia, U.S.A.), original descriptions and
use of auxiliary tools for analysis (magnifiers, digital x-ray chamber). Examined a total of 500
examples of Crenicichla wallacii group and Teleocichla. Species recognized in wallacii group
in this revision: Crenicichla compressiceps (Tocantins- Araguaia rivers), C. notophthalmus
(Negro river), C. regani (Trombetas, Tapajós, Solimões, Uatumã, Purus, Madeira, Amazonas,
Guamá, Tocantins and Marajó rivers), C. virgatula (Branco river), C. urosema (Tapajós river),
and C. wallacii (Essequibo, Orinoco and Branco rivers). All this species presents diagnoses,
descriptions, color observations, sexual dimorphism, morphometric and meristic table and
geographic map distribution. In this project were proposed two new species, Crenicichla sp.
n. "Maicuru" (Maicuru river) and Crenicichla sp. n. "Xingu" (Xingu river), and a proposal to
withdraw Crenicichla heckeli out of wallacii group, hereafter, synonimize to genre Teleocichla.
It’s presented a identification key for eight species of Crenicichla wallacii group, restricted of
Amazon basin. At the end, presents a phylogenetic tree species analyzed (Crenicichla +
Teleocichla) with addiction species of different Crenicichla group and Taeniacara candidi as
outgroup, result that the wallacii group is monophyletic, and C. heckeli is outside the wallacii
group.Crenicichla do grupo wallacii sensu Kullander (1990) somam por seis espécies (com atualização
em 1991, com a descrição de C. virgatula Ploeg, 1991). A revisão taxonômica das
espécies detes grupo contou com material- tipo e não-tipo encontrados nas coleções do Brasil
(INPA,MPEG, MZUSP), além de empréstimos de coleção internacional em parcerias (ANSP
- Filadélfia, E.U.A.), e descrições originais. Foram examinados um total de 500 exemplares
de Crenicichla, e algumas Teleocichla para fins comparativos, já que uma vez Ploeg (1991)
incluiu estas espécies no grupo wallacii. Do grupo "wallacii" foram reconhecidas na revisão:
Crenicichla compressiceps (rios Tocantins- Araguaia), C. notophthalmus (rio Negro), C. regani
(rios Trombetas, Tapajós, Solimões, Uatumã, Purus, Madeira, Amazonas, Guamá, Tocantins
e rios e riachos da Ilha de Marajó), C. virgatula (rio Branco), C. urosema (rio Tapajós), e
C. wallacii (rios Essequibo, Orinoco, Branco). Para todas as espécies é apresentadas uma
diagnose, descrição, morfologia externa, dimorfismo sexual, tabelas com dados morfométricos
e merísticos e mapa de distribuição geográfica. Neste trabalho são propostas duas espécies
novas, Crenicichla sp. n. ”Maicuru” (rio Maicuru) e Crenicichla sp. n. ”Xingu” (rio
Xingu), e uma proposta nova combinação de Crenicichla heckeli para o gênero Teleocichla.
É apresentada uma chave de identificação para as oito espécies de Crenicichla gr. wallacii,
que são restritas à bacia amazônica. Também é apresentada uma árvore filogenética com as
espécies analisadas (Crenicichla + Teleocichla) com inclusão de espécies de Crenicichla de
diferentes grupos, e Taeniacara candidi como grupo-externo. Neste arranjo, as espécies do
grupo "wallacii" formam um grupo monofilético, e C. heckeli aparece fora do grupo wallacii
e das limitações do gênero Crenicichla
Morfologia comparada da cintura pélvica de representantes da superfamília loricarioidea (ostariophysi siluriformes)
Get PDFThe morphology of the pelvic girdle is compared throughout the six families of
Loricarioidea. Representatives of the families were: Nematogenyidae (1 species),
Trichomycteridae (7 species), Callichthyidae (6 species), Scoloplacidae (2 species),
Astroblepidae (1 species) and Loricariidae (8 species). All families showed
synapomorphies on the pelvic girdle. Nematogenyidae has a laminar extension on
the basipterygium and cartilages on the 1 st and 2 nd pelvic rays; Trichomycteridae,
besides showing a large diversity of shapes of pelvics, have structures such as fused
cartilage, very long internal anterior processes and posterior cartilage on
basipterygium; Callichthyidae showed a very peculiar shape of pelvic girdle but very
conservative throughout the family, and some features like a unique conexion of the
pelvics with the axial skeleton, strong tridimensional shape of the basipterygium and
external anterior processes modified; Scoloplacidae also showed a very peculiar and
conservative pelvic girdle, without anterior or posterior processes, and with a reduced
and posterior sutural joint between the basipterygia; Astroblepidae shows a very
distinguished pelvic girdle, with long posterior processes, racquet-like
lateropterygium and musculature well developed; and Loricariidae showed a spike-
like lateropterygium, synchondral joint of the basipterygia between sutures or not,
and well developed condyles for articulation of the pelvic rays. Nematogenyidae and
Trichomycteridae share a similar disposition of the anterior processes and the
presence of unfused cartilage between the basipterygia. The other Loricarioidea, or
‘advanced Loricarioidea’, already show sutural joints between the basipterygia.
Astroblepidae and Loricariidae share, among other features, the presence of the
lateropterygium, presence of condyles for articulation of the pelvic rays and
synchondral joint followed by sutures. Some new features are described for some of
the families (Nematogenyidae, Trichomycteridae and Astroblepidae). The present
work brought additional support to the current hypothesis of relationship among
Loricarioidea families.A morfologia da cintura pélvica de representantes das seis famílias de Loricarioidea
é comparada. Foram usados representantes de Nematogenyidae (1 espécie),
Trichomycteridae (7 espécies), Callichthyidae (6 espécies), Scoloplacidae (2
espécies), Astroblepidae (1 espécie) e Loricariidae (8 espécies). Todas as famílias
apresentaram sinapomorfias relacionadas à cintura pélvica. Nematogenyidae
apresenta uma expansão laminar no basipterígio e cartilagens nos 1o e 2o raios
pélvicos; Trichomycteridae, apesar de possuirem uma grande diversidade de formas
de pélvicas, apresentaram características como presença de cartilagem fusionada,
processos anteriores internos extremamente longos e presença de cartilagem
posterior; Callichthyidae apresentaram uma cintura pélvica muito diferenciada mas
conservada dentro da família, e como características únicas a conexão da pélvica
com o esqueleto axial em alguns representantes, tridimensionalidade acentuada na
forma do basipterígio e modificações nos processos anteriores externos;
Scoloplacidae também apresentaram a pélvica muito modificada e conservada na
família, sem processos anteriores e posteriores, e com um ponto de sutura entre os
basipterígios muito reduzido e posterior; Astroblepidae apresenta uma pélvica muito
diferenciada, com longos processos posteriores, lateropterígio em forma de raquete
e musculatura muito desenvolvida; e Loricariidae apresentaram lateropterígio em
forma de bastão, articulação sincondral entre os basipterígios seguida por suturas ou
não, e côndilos bem desenvolvidos para articulação dos raios pélvicos.
Nematogenyidae e Trichomycteridae compartilham uma disposição semelhante dos
processos anteriores e presença de cartilagem não fusionada entre os basipterígios.
Os demais Loricarioidea, ou ‘Loricaroidea avançados’, já apresentam uma
articulação com suturas entre os basipterigios. Astroblepidae e Loricariidae
compartilham, entre outras estruturas, a presença de lateropterígio, presença de
côndilos para articulaçao dos raios pélvicos e articulação sincondral dos
basipterigíos seguida por suturas. Algumas características novas são descritas para
algumas das famílias (Nematogenyidae, Trichomycteridae e Astroblepidae). O
presente estudo veio dar um suporte adicional a atual proposta de relacionamento
entre as famílias de Loricarioidea
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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