1,720,979 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
INFLUENCE OF ORAL CONDITIONS ON COLONIZATION BY HIGHLY TOXIGENIC STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS STRAINS
No full textOBJECTIVES: As the oral cavity is regarded as a relevant
site for Staphylococcus aureus colonization and interhu-
man transmission, this study aimed to investigate whether
different oral conditions influence the rates of S. aureus
oral carriage and genetic characters of S. aureus isolates.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Staphylococcus aureus was
searched in samples collected from cheek, gingival mar-
gin, and anterior nares of 45 healthy subjects, 27 peri-
odontitis affected subjects, and 29 subjects with fixed
prosthetic restorations. Isolates were screened for 17
genetic determinants, and Partial Least Square Discri-
minant Analysis was performed to evaluate whether
specific characters correlated with oral condition or site
of isolation.
RESULTS: The three subject groups showed comparable
nasal carriage rates but, both the periodontitis and
prosthetic restoration groups showed significantly higher
oral carriage rates, as compared to healthy subjects
(P = 0.01 and 0.02, respectively). Moreover, periodontitis
affected subjects hosted strains possessing a distinct
genotypic and phenotypic background, characterized by
the presence of a larger number of exotoxins encoding
genes.
CONCLUSIONS: These data confirm that the oral cavity
is an important site of S. aureus colonization and dem-
onstrate that conditions modifying the oral environment,
as the presence of periodontitis and of fixed prosthetic
restorations, promote S. aureus carriage and may favor
the spread of more pathogenic strains
MICROBIOLOGICAL AND HOST FACTORS ARE INVOLVED IN PROMOTING THE PERIODONTAL FAILURE OF METALOCERAMIC CROWNS.
No full textAbstract This study was aimed at looking into the
microbiological/inflammatory parameters predicting the
periodontal success/failure of fixed prostheses. Microbiological
and inflammatory patterns were studied at 102 sites
having metaloceramic crowns in place from 3 to 6 years
and divided in healthy sites (HS), gingivitis affected (MG),
and periodontitis affected (PB). Total bacterial flora and
selected indicator species in subgingival plaque were
quantified by quantitative real-time PCR. The concentrations
of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were determined in
gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assays. The experimental sites showed no
significant difference with respect to the age and gender
of the patients and to the position of the crown margins.
Poor marginal adaptation was significantly higher in MG
and PB. The total amounts of bacteria per probing depth
showed no significant differences among the three groups
and their controls, while both MG and PB sites showed
altered patterns in the distribution of specific bacteria. Both
MG and PB sites showed significantly higher levels of
inflammatory cytokines in GCF. The control teeth of PB
subjects showed significantly higher levels of IL-1β as
compared to other control sites. Data confirm that the
application of metaloceramic crowns is a factor of risk for
the development of gingival/periodontal inflammation. This
risk is possibly associated with microbiological and host
factors that predispose to the onset of periodontal alterations
at sites reconstructed with metaloceramic crowns.
These factors, once their role is confirmed by longitudinal
studies, could be used to set up rapid tests to early predict
the onset of periodontal disease at reconstructed sites
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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