1,721,042 research outputs found
Still the use of aspirin has a role in Kawasaki disease and, if so, at what dose?
No full textPur in assenza di chiare evidenze, al momento, deve esistere una regola di buon senso che ci consenta di proporre, nei casi di MK in cui si utilizzi lo steroide (sempre in associazione con le IVIG), un uso dell’aspirina a un dosaggio iniziale pari a 30-50 mg/kg/die, passando rapidamente in presenza di una risposta clinica (prima ancora che di risoluzione degli indici di flogosi) al dosaggio antiaggregante di 3-5 mg/kg da fare per 6-8 settimane, sino a quando non si dimostrerà con sicurezza l’assenza di CAA2. E non è irragionevole pensare che, per le ragioni dette, nei casi in cui si utilizzi il cortisone, l’aspirina possa essere prescritta già da subito a dosaggio antiaggregante. Nei casi di MK in cui si decida di non usare lo steroide in prima istanza crediamo che il dosaggio dell’aspirina debba essere pari a 30-50 mg/kg (in conformità con la pratica corrente in Giappone e Inghilterra) da utilizzare sino alla normalizzazione degli indici di flogosi, per poi passare al dosaggio antiaggregante
The use of everolimus in the treatment of epilepsy in a child affected by tuberous sclerosis
No full textTuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a multisystem genetic disorder affecting cellular differentiation and proliferation, resulting in a variety of hamartomatous lesions that may affect virtually every organ system of the body. TSC is caused by inactivating mutations in one of two genes, TSC1 and TSC2, resulting in increased activity of the mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR). Epilepsy is the most common symptom and also the most common medical disorder in TSC. The paper presents a case of a 9- year-old male patient with TSC and drug resistant epilepsy. The first symptoms of epilepsy manifested when the patient was 4 years old. Epilepsy became drug resistant at the age of 9 years, despite polytherapy. The patient was treated with everolimus, a rapamycin analogous, this way a reduction of more than 90% of seizures, the disappearance of sleep-activated epileptic discharges and cognitive improvement were obtained. Treatment was safe and well tolerated. The dysregulation of mTOR pathway does not induce only the growth of TSC cortical tubers but also involves abnormal cell excitability and the use of mTOR inhibitors could stop the epileptogenic process and may help to control seizures with an overall improvement in quality of life
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
When should cystourethrography be performed in infants at their first urinary tract infection?
No full textUrinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common bacterial infection in infants. It may be associated with the concomitant presence of a kidney malfunctioning picture, in particular vescicoureteral reflux (VUR). Voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) is the gold standard method to diagnose VUR but it is an invasive procedure that is not free of risk. The indication of micturating cystourethrography (MCU) in infant at the first episode of UTI does not find in the literature the unique recommendations. VUR has usually a benign prognosis and the attitude followed for its management is in most cases waiting, without any specific intervention. In fact both antibiotic prophylaxis and surgery do not substantially improve the prognosis of VUR. The likelihood of being faced with a high grade of VUR (≥ III grade) in infants at the first UTI is very high (about 50% of cases) in the presence of two risk conditions: an infection caused by non-E. Coli and a concomitant abnormality in renal ultrasound. In cases of E. coli infection and with normal renal ultrasound (which are the majority) the likelihood of finding a high grade underlying VUR is very low (1% of cases)
New bronchiolitis guidelines
No full textBronchiolitis is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infection and hospitalization in children less than 1 year old. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and the Italian Pediatric Society (SIP) have recently published new guidelines for the diagnosis, management and prevention of bronchiolitis. Indications in the two documents are similar, but bronchiolitis management is still debated. In particular pharmacological treatments are not supported by enough evidence, whereas support therapy with oxygen, hydration and nutrition seems the only useful option. The aim of the present work is to summarise these new guidelines, adding a brief comment to each recommendation, in order to produce a useful and practical everyday guide for the paediatrician
Two cases of favism: From diagnosis to management
No full textGlucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD) is the most common red blood cells enzymopathy that affects 400 million people worldwide and is especially prevalent in areas of high malaria infection. G6PD deficiency has an X-linked recessive mode of inheritance and most known mutations in the G6PD gene decrease the enzyme stability. Oxidative stress, e.g. ingestion of fava beans, can induce acute haemolytic anaemia in affected individuals. The paper describes the case of two 6-month and 5-year-old male children with an acute haemolytic crisis due to the ingestion of fava beans. Due to increased immigration, the condition is expected to occur more often in Italian healthcare centres
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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