1,721,001 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Imagerie ultra-rapide des sprays de carburant : développement de diagnostics optiques, traitement d'images
No full textFuel atomization plays a very crucial role in determining the overall efficiency of diesel internal combustion engines. This work focuses on developing fast optical diagnostic tools for the study of the liquid fuel atomization with an aim to characterize the fuel sprays in the near-field of the injector nozzle. At first, classical imaging techniques using continuous illumination with a high-speed camera and an ultra-short pulsed illumination with a high-resolution CCD camera are reviewed. Next, the possibility of supercontinuum (SC) derived illumination is investigated. It was observed that the spray images obtained with such an illumination were almost free from laser speckle, which tremendously improved the clarity of these images. An application of the classical imaging technique to a preliminary study of cavitation inside a transparent injector is presented.In the next part of the thesis optical techniques to reduce the noise originating due to the multiple scattering of light from its interaction with the fuel spray are studied. Optical Kerr effect based time-gate in its primitive crossed-beam configuration is reviewed and a novel approach with collinear overlap of the pump and probe beams for time-resolved imaging of fuel spray with time resolution ~1 ps is proposed. Ballistic images of fuel spray in the near-nozzle region with high spatial resolution are obtained. The possibility of using SC-derived illumination with the optical time-gate configuration is also discussed. Preliminary time-gated spray images obtained by using SC-derived probe beam for spray illumination in the optical-gate setup shows that laser speckle is substantially reduced maintaining a similar time resolution.The change in the optical polarization properties of the Kerr medium on introduction of the pump pulse are completely characterized by measuring its Mueller matrix (MM). The polarization parameters - depolarization, diattenuation, and retardance are then quantified by decomposing the measured MM using polar decomposition formalism.L'atomisation du carburant joue un rôle très important dans l'efficacité globale du moteur à combustion interne utilisant le Diesel. Ce travail se concentre sur le développement d'outils de diagnostics optiques rapides pour l'étude de l'atomisation du combustible liquide, avec pour but de caractériser les jets de carburant en proche sortie de l'injecteur. Dans un premier temps, les techniques d'imagerie classiques utilisant (i) un éclairage continu avec une caméra à haute vitesse et (ii) un éclairage pulsé ultra-court avec une caméra CCD haute résolution sont examinées. L'utilisation d'un supercontinuum (SC) pour éclairer le jet est testée. On observe alors que les images de spray obtenues avec ce type d'éclairage sont presque exemptes de speckle, ce qui en améliore considérablement la netteté. Une technique d'imagerie classique est ensuite appliquée à l'étude de la cavitation à l'intérieur d'un injecteur transparent et une première approche de ce problème est présentée.Dans la partie suivante de la thèse, la problématique de la réduction du bruit dû à la diffusion multiple de la lumière sur le jet de carburant est posée. Les avantages et les inconvénients d'un montage utilisant une porte optique à effet Kerr avec des faisceaux pompe et sonde non colinéaires sont présentés. Une nouvelle approche avec des faisceaux pompe et sonde colinéaires aboutissant à une résolution temporelle de ~1 ps est proposée. Des images balistiques de sprays de carburant en proche sortie d'injecteur ayant une excellente résolution spatiale sont ainsi obtenues. La possibilité d'utiliser un éclairage de type SC avec une porte optique est également discutée. Les images de sprays réalisées par ce montage montrent que l'on réduit le specke tout en gardant une bonne résolution spatiale.Enfin, les propriétés polarimétriques du milieu Kerr utilisé lorsqu'il est soumis au faisceau pompe sont caractérisées par la mesure de sa matrice de Mueller (MM). Les paramètres de polarisation dépolarisation, diatténuation et retardance sont alors quantifiés par décomposition de la MM mesurée, en utilisant le formalisme de décomposition polaire
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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