1,720,967 research outputs found
Psychological and cultural determinants of women's intentions to donate oocytes
Get PDFIn oocyte donation, oocytes from one woman can be transferred to another for fertility treatment or used for medical research. However, there is an acute shortage of women from the general population donating their oocytes and this has adverse consequences for infertile patients and medical researchers. The aims of this thesis were to explore the psychological determinants of oocyte donation intentions and to investigate the link between oocyte donation intentions and parenthood using components of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) among women from different ethnic backgrounds. In doing so, a triangulation approach was adopted and one systematic review and five empirical investigations consisting of quantitative, qualitative and experimental research methodologies were carried out. Results revealed that oocyte donation is best accounted for by a diverse dimension of factors, which include positive attitudes towards oocyte donation, unconventional perceptions of parenthood and demographic variables. Some theoretical components of the TPB were supported; in particular Structural Equation Modelling found positive attitudes towards oocyte donation and subjective norms demonstrated a direct influence on the decision to donate oocytes. However, the role of perceived behavioural control in intentions to donate remains uncertain. Perceptions of the importance of parenthood and genetic ties between parent and child are key in determining [un]willingness to donate oocytes for fertility treatment. In addition, findings from this thesis suggest that it may be possible to modify intentions towards oocyte donation using the Framing Effect among White women, but not Women from South East Asia. The results of this thesis have some important implications for research and clinical practice, particularly in its potential to tailor clinical service provision regarding the recruitment of oocyte donors.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Subject positions of British South Asian women with inflammatory bowel disease: a Foucauldian discourse analysis
Get PDFA Thesis submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Counselling Psychology, University of Wolverhampton, UK.The prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) among British South Asians (BSA) is increasing. Evidence suggests that people of BSA background are more likely to develop IBD than white Europeans. Research on women with IBD is primarily focused on reproduction, which limits our understanding of their IBD experience and its consequences. This study aimed to investigate how BSA women discursively construct their experience of IBD, how this links to overarching sociocultural and medical discourses, and what the disciplines of counselling psychology (CP) and health can do to improve it.
The data were collected through semi-structured interviews with eight BSA women with IBD and analysed using Foucauldian Discourse Analysis (FDA). The analysis revealed subject positions sourced in sociocultural and medical discourses. These were the Seeker Woman, the Private Woman, the Flawed Woman, and the Empowered Woman. These subject positions illustrate how sociocultural factors and medical practices influence BSA women’s subjectivity and actions. The study indicated that BSA gender stereotypes and attitudes towards women impact their experience and highlighted the societal dynamics that medical professionals, mental health providers, and politicians must address to deliver care customised to the specific needs of BSA women with IBD. Suggestions and recommendations for future research and policy are made
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The lived experiences of family planning for women with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
No full textA thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the University of Wolverhampton for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) affects 1 in 400 people in the UK, with a prevalence of 397 per 100,000 among women, many of whom are of childbearing age. Women with IBD report heightened pregnancy-related anxieties, and their family planning decisions are complex and influenced by both medical and psychosocial factors. Existing research lacks a comprehensive understanding of these lived experiences.
This thesis addresses that gap through three mixed-method empirical studies. Study 1 used qualitative interviews (n = 23) to explore women's family planning experiences with IBD, revealing the interplay between disease status, emotional factors, and the importance of support from healthcare professionals. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was used to analyse the data, with participants grouped by reproductive stage: Group A (actively planning, n = 3), Group B (currently pregnant, n = 9), Group C (postpartum, n = 8), and Group D (voluntarily childless, n = 3). To disseminate findings, three artists created artwork based on participants’ narratives.
Study 2 (n = 218) assessed responses to the artwork using questionnaires. Results showed that those familiar with IBD better understood the artwork, and patients, particularly women and younger participants, found it a valuable tool for medical communication. Study 3 (n = 29) employed eye-tracking to compare engagement with the artwork versus a traditional information leaflet. Participants spent more time viewing the artwork, suggesting it captured attention more effectively.
Overall, the findings highlight the need for a biopsychosocial approach to family planning in IBD care. Visual art emerged as a promising medium for conveying complex medical information in an accessible and relatable way, especially for younger female patients
Understanding the motivation of voluntary joining and engaging in treatment programmes for intimate partner violence: an interpretative phenomenological analysis
Get PDFA thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the University of Wolverhampton for the Professional Doctorate in Counselling Psychology.The present study explored the factors which influenced motivation on joining and engaging in voluntary treatment programmes for intimate partner violence (IPV). The aim was to understand the motivation of why men attend voluntary
treatment programmes. The nature of most UK based IPV programmes have court-mandated attendance. The researcher wanted to understand why men would voluntarily undertake such programmes with the assumption that this attendance could then facilitate better outcomes in IPV programmes. Seven male attendees of a charity run IPV perpetrator programme were
interviewed post completion of the intervention programme. An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was completed with the data collected in the interviews. Four superordinate themes were found; ‘Getting Results’, ‘The Process of Change’, ‘Men as the Victim’ and ‘Can You See Me for Who I Am?’.
The first superordinate theme highlights the need for the men to gain some result by attending the programme, such as having access to their children and or as a pre-emptive measure against any future court mandated need to attend IPV programmes. The second superordinate theme, ‘The Process of Change’
looks at the self-perceptions of the men prior to and during the programme. Specially, the men suggest wanting to develop themselves and become better fathers as poignant in this theme. However, a conflict in their perception of themselves as IPV perpetrators is also found within this superordinate theme. Thirdly, the theme of ‘Men as Victims’ gives an account of the male experiences
of IPV being a ‘male issue’ and their interpretations of services and others stigmatising them. Lastly, the theme of ‘Can You See Me for Who I Am?’ describes acceptance and understanding from peers and facilitators as a
motivator to meaningfully engage in the interventions of the programme. The findings help broaden the limited understanding of why men join and engage in IPV perpetrator programmes. Implications include adding to the
already limited early intervention IPV research as well as contributing to the current knowledge of male experiences of IPV prevention intervention. The study also aims to highlight the importance of personal motivation in help seeking and readiness to change. The knowledge presented in the current study can support future IPV prevention and treatment interventions. Further
recommendations of future research are also included
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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