1,721,128 research outputs found
A correction to the Lepanthes guatemalensis group (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) in Costa Rica, with a new species
No full textPupulin, Franco (2021): A correction to the Lepanthes guatemalensis group (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) in Costa Rica, with a new species. Phytotaxa 480 (1): 69-78, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.480.1.6, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.480.1.
FIGURE 5. Lepanthes bogariniana. A, habit. B, flower. C, dissected flower. D in A correction to the Lepanthes guatemalensis group (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) in Costa Rica, with a new species
No full textFIGURE 5. Lepanthes bogariniana. A, habit. B, flower. C, dissected flower. D, lip, adaxial view. E, ovary, column and lip, lateral view. F, pollinarium and anther cap. All drawn by D. Bogarín from Bogarín 573 (JBL-spirit).Published as part of Pupulin, Franco, 2021, A correction to the Lepanthes guatemalensis group (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) in Costa Rica, with a new species, pp. 69-78 in Phytotaxa 480 (1) on page 76, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.480.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/541473
FIGURE 6 in A reconsideration of the empusellous species of Specklinia (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) in Costa Rica
No full textFIGURE 6. Specklinia pfavii (Rchb.f.) Pupulin & Karremans. A. Habit. B. Flower. C. Dissected perianth. D. Petals. E. Column and lip, side view. F. Lip, front and side views. G. Column, ventral view. H. Anther. I. Pollinia. Drawn by E. Winkel from Karremans 4825 (L-spirit).Published as part of Pupulin, Franco, Karremans, Adam P. & Gravendeel, Barbara, 2012, A reconsideration of the empusellous species of Specklinia (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) in Costa Rica, pp. 1-20 in Phytotaxa 63 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.63.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/506190
Lepanthes edwardsii Ames, Bot. Mus. Leafl.
No full textLepanthes edwardsii Ames, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 1(4): 4. 1933. Type:— HONDURAS. Comayagua: Pito Solo, Lake Yojoa, epiphyte in dense forest, 200 ft alt., 26 Aug 1932, J. B. Edwards 96 (holotype, AMES). Fig. 3. Epiphytic, small, caespitose, erect herb, to 3 cm tall. Roots thick, glabrous, to 2 mm in diameter. Ramicauls slender, 0.8-2.0 cm long, enclosed by 2-3 glabrous, whitish sheaths. Leaf thinly coriaceous, elliptic to suborbicular, slightly conduplicate, retuse, with a distinct abaxial mucro, 8-12 mm long, 5.0- 6.5 mm wide, shortly cuneate at the base into a petiole about 0.5 mm long. Inflorescence produced singly, longer than the leaf, a loose, distichous, successively flowered (to 7+ flowers) raceme to 2.5 cm long; filiform peduncle to 18 mm long, provided with 1-2 short tubular, obtuse bracts; rachis slightly fractiflex. Floral bracts broadly ovate, amplectent, subacute, ca. 1 mm long, 0.5 mm wide, sparsely muriculate. Pedicel 1.5 mm long, glabrous. Ovary 1.5 mm long, subtrigonous, smooth. Flowers resupinate, large for the genus, with pale translucent yellow sepals, faintly tinged with purple close to the margins, or purplish with a yellow tinge at base, the petals deep purple or yellow, with a faint suffusion of purple on the proximal margin of the upper lobe, the lip purple or yellow with the base suffused with red, the column and the anther cap violet-purple. Dorsal sepal broadly triangular-ovate, contracted at apex into an acuminate tail ca. 2 mm long, 8 mm long including the tail, 5 mm wide, 3-veined, connate to the lateral sepals for 2 mm. Lateral sepals narrowly ovate-lanceolate, connate for about half of their length into an ovate synsepal ca. 10 mm long (including the tails), 7 mm wide, apically contracted into acuminate tails that are straight to gently curved inward ca. 3 mm long, connate to the dorsal sepal for 2 mm. Petals transversely bilobed, 1 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, the upper lobes narrowly lanceolate-subfalcate, acute, 0.8 mm long, 2.2 mm wide, the lower lobes much smaller than the upper lobes, hemielliptic, rounded, ca. 0.7 mm long, 0.5 mm wide. Lip bi-laminate, the blades narrowly digitate-subfalcate, acuminate, straight, with an obtuse angle on the upper margin, ca. 1 mm long, 0.2 mm wide, adpressed to the column, the connectives subquadrate, the body thin, rounded-protruding at apex, with a very thin, up-curved, digitate, acute, glabrous appendix. Column short, truncate, to 1 mm long, the anther apical, bent, the stigma ventral. Anther cap cucullate, helmet-shaped, apically deeply bilobedp-retuse. Pollinia 2, narrowly linear-oblong, strongly complanate, each provided with an oblong, flattened viscidium. Additional material examined:— COSTA RICA. No specific locality data recorded, collected by J. Loría, flowered in cultivation and prepared 4 Apr 2019, F. Pupulin 8894 (JBL-spirit!). Figs. 2A, 4. Interestingly, the specimen from Costa Rica shares with the Honduran type the position and orientation of the triquetrous blades of the lip, whose apices, as Ames noted in the protologue, bent down to become closely appressed to and almost touching the lateral sepals (Ames 1933: 8). It seems that this feature is typical of the true Lepanthes edwardsii, as this orientation of the blades is absent in the species we previously discussed and illustrated from Costa Rica under that name.Apparently, the flowers of Lepanthes edwardsii may assume both a resupinate and non-resupinate orientation. Even though Blanche Ames illustrated the flowers of the type plant as regularly non-resupinate (Fig. 1), the plants mounted on the holotype sheet (AMES 00100585) present flowers with both kinds of orientation (Fig. 3), and in most photographs of this species that we had the opportunity to observe, as well as in the living specimen we studied from Costa Rica, the flowers are always resupinate. The plant that Luer (in Luer & Thoerle 2012: fig. 100) illustrated from Colombia under the name of Lepanthes edwardsii (Luer 11629, MO), with resupinate flowers, appears to be only distantly related to the Honduran type and could belong instead to a still undescribed taxon. The blades of lip of the Colombian specimen are thick, hemielliptic, and the appendix is broad and short, while the shape of the petals is closer to that of L. durikaensis than to L. edwardsii. Another Colombian record of Lepanthes edwardsii has been documented by Misas Urreta (2005: 280–281) from the Serranía del Baudó, a low mountain range on the Pacific coast, also with resupinate flowers, but according to the author the lobes of the lip are conical, and the illustration shows the ramicauls marginally hispid. The discovery of a Costa Rican population of Lepanthes that can be confidently associated with L. edwardsii, leaves without a proper name the taxon that Pupulin & Bogarín (2014) discussed previously as local representative of that species. It is therefore proposed here as a species new to science with the name:Published as part of Pupulin, Franco, 2021, A correction to the Lepanthes guatemalensis group (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) in Costa Rica, with a new species, pp. 69-78 in Phytotaxa 480 (1) on pages 70-72, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.480.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/541473
Flora costaricensis. Family #39 Orchidaceae: Tribe Cymbidieae: Subtribe Zygopetalinae
No full textAlthough they only represent a small portion (around four percent) of the Costa Rican orchid flora, species of Zygopetalinae are frequently grown (and often avidly collected) for horticultural purposes, and their study is crucial to understanding distribution patterns and species frequency as the first step to establish conservation priorities. Among the genera of Zygopetalinae, Dichaea constitutes a particularly common element in any type of vegetation in the country, and its taxonomic treatment should have a certain utility to field botanists working in Costa Rica. Sixteen genera (including a natural hybrid genus) and 60 species are treated. The work was based on direct examination of the available specimens deposited at AMES, CR, INB, K, M, SEL, USJ, and W; the spirit collection of Lankester Botanical Garden (JBL-Spirit); and
scrutiny of digital images fromthe collections kept at F, NY, MO, and US. To ensure nomenclature stability, many of the Costa Rican taxa in the group were recently typified, and additional lectotypes are selected here for Cryptarrhena guatemalensis Schltr. (AMES), Kefersteinia subquadrata Schltr. (AMES), and Warczewiczella caloglossa Schltr. (AMES). Many of the descriptions of individual species are based on
those appearing in recent generic revisions by the author; they include the observed variations among specimens native from Costa Rica. All the treated taxa are illustrated with one or more ink illustrations. With the exceptions of D. acostae Schltr., D. gracillima C.Schweinf., and D. gomez-lauritoi Pupulin, which are known only from the dried material of the type collections, the illustrations of all the remaining taxa were prepared by the author on the basis of living specimens with the aid of a stereomicroscope fitted with a drawing tube. As in the previous volume of this series on Costa Rican Orchidaceae, the illustrations are arranged according to their occurrence in the keys to facilitate the comparison of closely allied taxa.Universidad de Costa Rica/[814-A4-068]/UCR/Costa RicaUCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias Básicas::Jardín Botánico Lankester (JBL
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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