1,720,959 research outputs found
Immunogenicity of two idiotypes with a different immunoglobulin-chain distribution expressed on the same anti-CD4 Mab
No full textWe have analyzed Ig chain location and immunogenicity of two distinct and spatially distant idi°
topes (ids) expressed on the mouse anti- human CD4 mAb HP2/6 (Abl ). Western blot experiments indicated
that id 14 (defined by the anti-idiotypic mAb F16-14D6) is conformational, as the association of the two
HP2/6-chains is required for its full expression. id 23 (defined by the anti-idiotypic mAb F11-2302) is likely
to be "sequence dependent", since it is also expressed on SDS- and reducing reagent-treated separated
heavy and, to a lower extent, light chains of HP2/6. Both ids were not detected, even as "hidden idiotopes",
on a panel of anti-CD4 mAbs or polyclonal mouse Ig Abs. Functional studies suggested that id 23
displayed a markedly lower immunogenicity than 14, as determined by the ability of sera from serial bleedings
from 2 BALB/c mice immunized with mAb HP2/6 to inhibit the binding of mAb F11-2302 and F16-
14D6, respectively, to HP2/6. The results suggest that differences in the Ig-chains distribution of ids may
markedly influence their immunogenicity, and that id 23 does not appear to behave as a regulatory id, because
it is private and less immunogenic than the conformational id 14. Thus, our data reinforce previous
evidence that id 23 has none of the regulatory properties explored and, in contrast to previous findings, the
simultaneous expression of an id on separated SDS- and reducing reagent-treated heavy and light chains
of an antibody molecule could not be related to its regulatory role
Human anti-mouse antibodies interfere in the determination of sCD4 in intravenous immunoglobulin preparations
No full textPotenziale impiego di anticorpi monoclonali anti-idiotipo (Ab2) nell'immunoterapia dell'infezione da HIV
No full text
Studio funzionale e limiti terapeutici degli anticorpi anti-idiotipo (Ab2) anti-CD4 nell’infezione da HIV
No full textSoluble CD4 antigen reactivity in intravenous immunoglobulin preparations: is it specific?
No full textSoluble CD4 antigen (sCD4) was measured in seven commercially available intravenous immunoglobulin preparations (IVIg) by means of a double determinant immunoassay (DDIA), whereby two MoAbs recognizing two distinct and spatially distant epitopes on CD4 were used to capture and detect the antigen, respectively. Preincubation of six out of seven IVIg, which were found to be apparently positive for sCD4, with mouse- and bovine-derived serum or purified immunoglobulins completely neutralized DDIA reactivity for sCD4. The inhibition was specific since it was not or only partially observed when IVIg were mixed with whole serum or purified IgG from rabbit. Extensive absorption of six IVIg on insolubilized mouse IgG (mIgG) resulted in a complete loss of reactivity. Eluted human anti-mouse antibodies (HAMA) from any of the IVIg displayed a dose-dependent binding in a DDIA, though its extent varied from one preparation to another. Western blot analysis showed that HAMA from all IVIg contained no component with a molecular weight identical with or close to that of recombinant CD4. Purified mIgG markedly influenced the sCD4 reactivity of two IVIg (Sandoglobulin and Globuman I.V.) when sCD4 was measured with a purchased 'CD4-specific Test Kit', thus suggesting that HAMA can exceed the absorbing capacity of the sample diluent. Taken as a whole, these data indicate that sCD4-based DDIA signal is mostly, if not completely, generated by the presence of human immunoglobulin with anti-mouse immunoglobulin reactivity, thus casting doubts on the actual occurrence of sCD4 in IVIg
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
- …
