1,720,989 research outputs found
d-Chiro-Inositol improves testosterone levels in older hypogonadal men with low-normal testosterone: a pilot study
Full text linkRésumé Contexte Plusieurs articles de revues récents rapportent que le D-chiro-inositol (DCI), principalement connu sous le nom de second messager de l’insuline, influence la stéroïdogenèse. En particulier, de nouvelles preuves apparaissent sur la capacité du DCI à réguler l’expression de l’aromatase et la biosynthèse de la testostérone. À cet égard, l’administration de DCI pourrait représenter une bonne opportunité thérapeutique en cas de réduction des taux de testostérone. Les hommes d’âge avancé ont généralement des concentrations de testostérone plus faibles que celles d’hommes plus jeunes, et de récents essais contrôlés randomisés ont examiné, si le traitement par testostérone pourrait améliorer dans ce groupe d’âge les résultats en matière de santé. Il existe peu d’informations sur l’innocuité de cette thérapie de remplacement de la testostérone chez ces hommes ; le DCI pourrait ainsi constituer une intéressante alternative pour de futurs essais. Par conséquent, la présente étude vise à évaluer l’effet du traitement par DCI sur les taux de testostérone chez les hommes d’âge avancé. Résultats Dix hommes d’âge avancé ayant un faible taux basal de testostérone ont été recrutés dans la présente étude. Les patients ont pris 600 mg de DCI, deux fois par jour, pendant 30 jours. Nous avons évalué les paramètres hormonaux et glycémiques, le poids, le tour de taille et l’indice de masse corporelle au départ (T0) et après 30 jours (T1). Enfin, tous les patients ont également rempli le questionnaire normalisé de l’indice international de la fonction érectile et ont effectué le test de force de préhension (handgrip test) à T0 et T1. Les hommes prenant le DCI ont présenté des concentrations augmentées d’androgènes et réduites d’œstrogènes, ainsi qu’une amélioration des profils glycémiques. La prise de DCI était également associée à une réduction du poids, de l’indice de masse corporelle, du tour de taille, et à une amélioration de la force de préhension et de la fonction sexuelle autodéclarée. Tous ces effets ont conduit à une amélioration de la fonction sexuelle et de la force physique. Conclusions Dans cette étude pilote, le traitement par DCI a amélioré les taux de testostérone et d’androstènedione au détriment des œstrogènes chez des hommes d’âge avancé ayant de faibles taux de base de ces hormones, sans effets indésirables
Metabolic and endocrine toxicities of mitotane: a systematic review
Full text linkDespite the pivotal role of mitotane in adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) management, data on the endocrine toxicities of this treatment are lacking. The aim of this systematic review is to collect the available evidence on the side effects of mitotane on the endocrine and metabolic systems in both children and adults affected by adrenal carcinoma. Sixteen articles on 493 patients were included. Among the adrenal insufficiency, which is an expected side effect of mitotane, 24.5% of patients increased glucocorticoid replacement therapy. Mineralocorticoid insufficiency usually occurred late in treatment in 36.8% of patients. Thyroid dysfunction is characterized by a decrease in FT4, which occurs within 3–6 months of treatment in 45.4% of patients, while TSH seems to not be a reliable marker. Dyslipidemia is characterized by an increase in both LDL‐c and HDL‐c (54.2%). Few studies have found evidence of hypertriglyceridemia. In males, gynecomastia and hypogonadism can occur after 3–6 months of treatment (38.4% and 35.6%, respectively), while in pre‐menopausal women, mitotane can cause ovarian cysts and, less frequently, menstrual disorders. Most of these side effects appear to be reversible after mitotane discontinuation. We finally suggest an algorithm that could guide metabolic and endocrine safety assessments in patients treated with mitotane for ACC
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
One-stage laparoscopic bilateral adrenalectomy, cholecystectomy and choledochotomy by a transperitoneal anterior approach. Case report of a combined management for a challenging condition
No full textLaparoscopic adrenalectomy (LA) is the treatment of choice for management of adrenal tumors. Several approaches are proposed, including the transperitoneal one with patient in lateral or supine position, and the retroperitoneal one, with patient in lateral or prone position. The best approach, however, has yet to be defined. In patients with gallstones and common bile duct (CBD) stones, available options are one-stage [including laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) with CBD exploration (LC-LCBDE) and LC with endoscopic rendez-vous (LC-ERV)], or two-stage management [LC and pre or postoperative Endoscopic-Retrograde-Cholangio-Pancreatography (ERCP) with endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES)]. Both are safe and effective, with lower hospital stay after one-stage option. The decision for one or the other depends on local resources and patient conditions. We report the case of a hypertensive 53-years-old man with Cushing's disease from pituitary ACTH-secreting adenoma, after three failed trans-sphenoidal pituitary gland surgical resection procedures, and recurrent biliary symptoms from gallstones and CBD stones. The patient underwent laparoscopic transperitoneal bilateral adrenalectomy in supine position (anterior approach on the right, submesocolic approach on the left) together with LC, intraoperative cholangiography, choledochotomy, CBD exploration, T-tube drainage. In this challenging case, laparoscopic transperitoneal bilateral adrenalectomy with patient in supine position together with one-stage laparoscopic management of gallstones and CBD stones, offered the patient the opportunity to solve both adrenal and biliary problems in the same session, reducing hospital stay and costs. In experienced hands, the transperitoneal combination of different surgical approaches during the same anesthesia with patient in supine position may provide safe and effective patient management. KEY WORDS: Bilateral adrenalectomy, Laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LA), Choledochotomy, Common bile duct (CBD) stones, Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) Laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE), Submesocolic approach, Transperitoneal anterior approach
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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