1,720,978 research outputs found
Transient trigeminal neuralgia recurrence during coronavirus disease-19 in carbamazepine responders patients
No full textLetter: no abstract availabl
Severe Odontogenic Infections during Pregnancy and Related Adverse Outcomes. Case Report and Systematic Literature Review
Get PDFOdontogenic infections have the potential to develop into deep-space infections and may cause severe diseases with possible life-threatening complications. Dental infections during pregnancy require special attention in terms of possible complications and treatments due to the potential to affect the lives of two individuals. A case of a 36-year-old pregnant patient with a submandibular abscess caused by an odontogenic infection is reported, followed by a comprehensive systematic review of the literature in order to retrieve information regarding severe odontogenic infections and adverse pregnancy outcomes. The review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines using PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. A total of 69 cases were included in the qualitative analysis. The mean age was 27.72 years. Patients were managed with surgery in combination with antibiotics. Nine infectious-related cesarean sections were detected, and preterm birth was associated in 3 cases, low birth weight in 2 cases, death of the fetus in 9 cases (13%), and maternal death in 4 cases (5.8%). The possible compromise of oral health during pregnancy is well known; however, severe odontogenic infections are rarely considered in the literature, and they may be associated with severe and life-threatening complications for both mother and the fetus
Orbital lesions, an interdisciplinary pathology. The experience of the maxillo-facial surgeons
No full textAim: The main focus of this paper was to describe our experience in the management of primary lesions involving the orbit, analyzing signs and symptoms and illustrating surgical management. Material of study: We describe our experience managing 62 consecutive patients diagnosed with orbital tumors confined to the orbital content (not involving skin or bone, with no intracranial invasion) and treated between January 2013 and December 2016. Demographic characteristics, symptoms, clinical findings, histological types and approaches have been recorded. Results: We found that the most common clinical manifestations were exophthalmos/proptosis and ocular movement impairment; the most common histological types were vascular malformation and ocular adnexal lymphomas. Discussion: Primary neoplasms involving orbital contents include a broad spectrum of pathologies difficult to manage without a firm diagnosis, usually histological. Different surgical accesses are described in order to perform incisional biopsy or resection of the mass. Consclusion: In every case, accurate surgical planning is mandatory, in order to prevent functional and/or aesthetic complications. Key words: Blepharoplasty incision, Intraorbital neoplasia, Lateral orbital tumor, Surgical treatment, Transconjunctival approach, Orbitotomy
Cerebrospinal fluid leaks after anterior skull base trauma: a systematic review of the literature
No full text- BACKGROUND: Anterior skull base (ASB) fractures are reported in 4% of
head injuries and represent 21% of all skull fractures. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
leaks may follow, severely exacerbating outcomes. We systematically reviewed
the literature to analyze and compare the roles of endoscopic surgery, open
surgery, and combined approaches in the management of CSF leak repair after
posttraumatic ASB fractures.
- METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched
in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Studies reporting clinical data of
patients with CSF leaks after ASB fracture were reviewed, focusing on management strategies and posttreatment outcomes.
- RESULTS: We included 29 articles comprising 888 patients. The average age
at diagnosis was 34 years (range, 18e91 years), with a male predominance (54%)
and a male/female ratio of 2.9:1 (647:241). Clinical data were available for 888
patients with CSF leaks after ASB fracture, reporting a median follow-up time of
33.5 months (standard deviation, 29; range, 0.5e330.0 months). Open surgical
repair was the most common approach (67.9%), followed by endoscopic surgical
repair (32.1%). The endoscopy cohort showed lower rates of complications (0.7%
vs. 11.1%) and fistula recurrence (2.8% vs. 5.3%) compared with open surgery.
- CONCLUSIONS: ASB fractures are frequently treated as late surgery, 24 hours
from injury or later, especially for endoscopic surgery. Overall, the endoscopic
approach is preferred, mostly because of its safety and effectiveness, offering
lower failure rates than does open surgery
Role of stem cells-based in facial nerve reanimation: A meta-analysis of histological and neurophysiological outcomes
No full textBACKGROUND: Treatments involving stem cell (SC) usage represent novel and potentially interesting alternatives in facial nerve reanimation. Current literature includes the use of SC in animal model studies to promote graft survival by enhancing nerve fiber growth, spreading, myelinization, in addition to limiting fibrotic dege neration after surgery. However, the effectiveness of the clinical use of SC in facial nerve reanimation has not been clarified yet. AIM: To investigate the histological, neurophysiological, and functional outcomes in facial reanimation using SC, compared to autograft. METHODS: Our study is a systematic review of the literature, consistently conducted according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses statement guidelines. The review question was: In facial nerve reanimation on rats, has the use of stem cells revealed as effective when compared to autograft, in terms of histological, neurophysiological, and functional outcomes? Random-effect meta-analysis was conducted on histological and neurophysiological data from the included comparative studies. RESULTS: After screening 148 manuscript, five papers were included in our study. 43 subjects were included in the SC group, while 40 in the autograft group. The meta-analysis showed no significative differences between the two groups in terms of myelin thickness [CI: -0.10 (-0.20, 0.00); I(2) = 29%; P = 0.06], nerve fibers diameter [CI: 0.72 (-0.93, 3.36); I(2) = 72%; P = 0.6], compound muscle action potential amplitude [CI: 1.59 (0.59, 3.77); I(2) = 89%; P = 0.15] and latency [CI: 0.66 (-1.01, 2.32); I(2) = 67%; P = 0.44]. The mean axonal diameter was higher in the autograft group [CI: 0.94 (0.60, 1.27); I(2) = 0%; P ≤ 0.001]. CONCLUSION: The role of stem cells in facial reanimation is still relatively poorly studied, in animal models, and available results should not discourage their use in future studies on human subjects
Histological findings in TMJ treated with high condilectomy for internal derangement
No full textIntra-Articular Temporo-Mandibular Disorders (TMD) are characterized by displacement of the disc that causes the condyles to slip back over the disc thus resulting in TMJ discal damage and erosion of the condyle's bone. The etiology of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is multidimensional: biomechanical, neuromuscular, bio-psychosocial and biological factors may contribute to the disorder. The study involved 46 joints in 27 patients with a diagnosis of Intra-Articular Temporo-Mandibular Disorders (TMD) according to Axis I of Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) for Clinical and Research Applications and underwent surgery between 2011 and 2014. Patients were divided into three groups. Group 1 were included patients with Disc Displacement (DD) without reduction without limited opening, Group 2 patients with DD without reduction with limited opening. Finally, Group 3 included patients with Degenerative Joint Disease (DJD) TMD. In all cases, diagnosis of Intra-Articular Temporo-Mandibular Disorders (TMD) was confirmed by pre-operative examination (clinical, MRI and/or CT scan). Tissue specimens were obtained from all 50 joints for histopathology. The aim of this study was to analyse histological features of the surgical specimens obtained from patients with Intra-Articular Temporo-Mandibular Disorders who underwent surgery and assess the association with clinical findings and imaging. Preliminary results show in Group 1, fibrocartilage is preserved and regular, there are isolated outbreaks of bone resorption and focal sclerosis. In Groups 2 and 3 fibrocartilages are irregular and thickness varies widely and sclerosis is more pronounced. In early stages of TMD, the disc antero-medial displacement might play a fundamental role in the etiopathogenesis that can became an irreversible joint damage thus leading to a wide spectrum of articular symptoms and signs in TMD (Cohen et al., 2014; Hagandora and Almarza, 2012; Nah, 2012)
Three-Dimensional Comparison of the Maxillary Surfaces through ICP-Type Algorithm: Accuracy Evaluation of CAD/CAM Technologies in Orthognathic Surgery
Get PDFPurpose: This retrospective study aims to compare the accuracy of two different CAD/CAM systems in orthognathic surgery. The novelty of this work lies in the method of evaluating the accuracy, i.e., using an Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm, which matches a pair of 2D or 3D point clouds with unknown dependencies of the transition from scan s(k) to scan s(k+1). Methods: The study population was composed of ten patients who presented to the Maxillofacial Surgery Department of the University “Sapienza” of Rome for the evaluation and management of skeletal malocclusions. The patients were divided into two groups, depending on the technique used: group 1: splintless group (custom-made cutting guide and plates); group 2: splint group (using a 3D-printed splint). STL files were imported into Geomagic® Control X™ software, which allows for comparison and analysis using an ICP algorithm. The RMSE parameter (3D error) was used to calculate the accuracy. In addition, data were compared in two different patient subgroups. The first subgroup only underwent a monobloc Le Fort I osteotomy (p-value = 0.02), and the second subgroup underwent a Le Fort I osteotomy associated with a segmental osteotomy of the maxilla (p-value = 0.23). Results: Group 1 showed a 3D error of 1.22 mm ± SD 0.456, while group 2 showed a 3D error of 1.63 mm ± SD 0.303. These results have allowed us to compare the accuracy of the two CAD/CAM systems (p-value = 0.09). Conclusions: The ICP algorithm provided a reproducible method of comparison. The splintless method would seem more accurate (p-value = 0.02) in transferring the surgical programming into the operating room when only a Le Fort I osteotomy is to be performed
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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