87,132 research outputs found

    European Politics of Food Origin. A Semiotic Analysis of Geographical Indications

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    This chapter investigates the relationship between food products and origin places within the European Union food policies. In the 1990s, the EU established a Geographical Indication (GI) system, constituted of a set of food quality brands and a legal framework for food, wine and spirits. This system, defined as a sui generis model by insiders, entails a strong EU government participation in the typical food symbolic and material modelling. The sui generis model establishes a government monopoly on the place-based labels registration and institutes an atypical kind of intellectual property based on geographic marks. By proposing a semiotic approach toward the analysis of European Geographical Indications, this contribution aims at understanding their structural functioning and their disciplinary implications. The chapter carries out a semiotic analysis of two food regulations: the Traditional Balsamic Vinegar of Modena PDO, and Balsamic Vinegar of Modena PGI. These two case studies highlight how EU GIs conduct a complex food product and territorial standardization, building two separate legal prototypes which are linked by a narrative of origin. Moreover, the semiotic analysis proposed in this chapter pushes to consider the relationship between typical foods and their origin place in opposite terms: the territory—also called terroir, can be considered as a meaning effect of the product itself. The article concludes by underscoring the cultural and political importance of local food production discipline and legal regulation in community identity building process

    Effect of L-dopa or amantadine therapy on sleep spindles in Parkinsonism

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    In forty-four Parkinsonian patients sleep spindles were studied before and during l-DOPA or amantadine therapy. By using a "spindle counter", based on analysis of harmonic components, spindles were counted automatically. Increase of spindling was observed, less evident in patients after thalamotomy, after 1-2 months of l-DOPA treatment but only in those showing clinical improvement. After 6-24 months of l-DOPA treatment a further spindle increase was noted. Amantadine treatment gave rise to increase in spindling; however, less than that observed after 1-2 months of l-DOPA therapy. This increase in spindling observed in all clinically improved patients confirms previous observations of spindle decrease in Parkinsonism. © 1982

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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