1,720,994 research outputs found
Resilient Cooling Design Guidelines
No full textThese guidelines are a collaborative effort between the Federation of European Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Associations (REHVA) and the Energy in Buildings and Communities (EBC) programme of the International Energy Agency; Annex 80: Resilient Cooling of Buildings project. It draws on the expertise of scientists from diverse institutions in architecture, engineering, building science, and building physics.
The global rise in energy consumption for cooling residential and non-residential buildings, coupled with increased indoor overheating, is a pressing concern. This surge is driven by various factors, including urbanization, climate change, heightened comfort expectations, economic growth, and the accessibility of air conditioning systems. Moreover, disruptive events like extreme heat and heatwaves are becoming more frequent, expected to be commonplace by mid-century. The trajectory toward increased cooling demand is undeniable, necessitating a shift toward sustainable solutions.
Resilient cooling aims to mitigate heat stress and maintain safe building conditions during externally induced disruptions, going beyond mere thermal comfort. This Guidebook focuses on designing cooling systems that are resilient to such challenges.
While a plethora of suitable technologies and solutions exist, many face practical and financial barriers hindering widespread adoption. Some technologies require further development to achieve readiness. Conventional design emphasizes optimizing performance within predetermined parameters, while resilient design prioritizes adaptability and risk mitigation. Resilient design demands a collaborative, innovative approach with a longer timeframe. Therefore, action is imperative for policymakers, stakeholders, researchers, professionals, and industry players.
This Guidebook aims to assist practitioners in implementing highly efficient, low-carbon, resilient cooling solutions, contributing to a sustainable built environment. It identifies key challenges, opportunities, and frameworks associated with building design, exploring innovative concepts to address these issues. It provides an in-depth analysis of various technologies, practices, and simulation approaches, with a focus on disruptive events such as heatwaves and power outages.
The main contents of this Guidebook include definitions of resilient cooling for buildings, metrics and key performance indicators, simulation tools and evaluation methods, inputs for performance assessment, frameworks for future weather data development, technological profiles of active and passive cooling solutions and components, and two demonstration case studies - one for new construction and one for existing building renovation.
The target audience includes practitioners in building design, architectural firms, building services sectors, consulting engineers, firms, national authorities, building owners, tenants, policymakers, government officers, and building services institutions. It is relevant for small and mid-size facilities, residential and commercial buildings, and both new construction and existing buildings in terms of operation, management, and maintenance
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Ventilative Cooling Sourcebook:Energy in Buildings and Communities Programme. March 2018
No full textkoamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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