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Hybridization and its patterns : phenotype, home range and habitat selection of European wildcats, domestic cats and their hybrids
No full textIn den letzten Jahrzehnten hat sich die Population der Europäischen Wildkatze in weiten Teilen Europas erholt. Dabei besiedelt die Art nicht nur geschlossene Waldhabitate, sondern findet auch in landwirtschaftlich geprägten Gebieten einen Lebensraum. In einer dicht vom Menschen besiedelten Kulturlandschaft steigt jedoch die Gefahr der Hybridisierung infolge eines Zusammentreffens von Wildkatzen und Hauskatzen. Über Phänotypen und Raumnutzungsverhalten von Hybriden ist derzeit nur wenig bekannt. Die vorliegende Masterarbeit analysiert die Unterschiede in Phänotypen, Streifgebieten und Habitat Selektion von Wildkatzen, Hauskatzen und deren Hybriden. Die Analyse der Phänotypen erfolgte auf Basis einer Kombination von Genetik Daten und Fotos der Katzen, für welche fünf verschiedene Fellmerkmale untersucht wurden. Die hierarchische Clusteranalyse zeigte, dass die Bestimmung von Wildkatzen auf Grundlage von Fellmerkmalen zumeist möglich, die Unterscheidung zwischen Hybriden und Hauskatzen jedoch schwierig ist. Acht Katzen konnten zudem mit GPS-Halsbändern ausgestattet werden und die Berechnung der Streifgebietsgrößen (aLoCoH 95%) ergab 9-16 ha für Hauskatzen (n=2), 132-1086 ha für die Hybriden (n=5) und 549-646 ha für die Wildkatze (n=1, zwei unterschiedliche Jahre). Die Analyse der Habitat Selektion mittels integrated step selection functions ergab eine Präferenz für kürzere Distanzen zum Waldrand und größere Distanzen zu Gebäuden für die Hybriden und Wildkatze. Die Hauskatzen bevorzugten kürzere Distanzen zu Gebäuden. Darüber hinaus zeigte sich kein klares Muster bezüglich anderer Habitat Variablen und die Katzen nutzten sowohl Wald als auch Offenland am Tag und in der Nacht. Die Ergebnisse weisen darauf hin, dass die Streifgebiete und Habitatnutzung der Hybride eher mit denen der Wildkatzen vergleichbar sind. Es kann allerdings nichts ausgeschlossen werden, dass Hybride mit einer den Hauskatzen ähnlichen Lebensweise ebenfalls existieren.During the last decades, the population of the European wildcat is recovering throughout Europe. Meanwhile, the species does not only recolonize forest habitats but can also live and reproduce in agriculturally dominated landscapes. But in open areas with a high number of human settlements, the probability of encounters between the European wildcat and domestic cats resulting in hybridization rises. Little is known about phenotypes and spatial organization of those hybrids. Therefore, this master thesis analyzes differences in phenotypes, home ranges and habitat selection of the European wildcat, domestic cats, and their hybrids. Phenotypes were investigated based on a combination of genetic data andphotos of cats for which five different pelage characters were examined. The hierarchical cluster analysis showed that while it is mostly possible to identify wildcats by pelage characters, discriminating between domestic cats and hybrids is challenging. In addition, eight cats could be successfully equipped with a GPS collar, resulting in home range size estimations (aLoCoH 95%) of 9-16 ha for the domestic cats (n=2), 132-1086 ha for the hybrids (n=5) and 549-646 ha for the wildcat (n=1, two different years). The analysis of habitat selection using integrated step selection functions revealed a preference for shorter distances to the forest edge and greater distances to buildings for the hybrids and the wildcat. The domestic cats preferred smaller distances to buildings. Apart from that, no clear pattern was detected for other habitat covariates and cats used both forest areas and open landscapes at day and night. The results indicate that hybrids show home ranges and habitat use rather comparable to wildcats than to domestic cats. Nevertheless, it cannot be excluded that hybrids expressing a resource use similar to domestic cats do exist.submitted by Karolin ProttMasterarbeit Universität für Bodenkultur Wien 2024Mit deutscher Zusammenfassun
Hybridization and its patterns : phenotype, home range and habitat selection of European wildcats, domestic cats and their hybrids
No full textIn den letzten Jahrzehnten hat sich die Population der Europäischen Wildkatze in weiten Teilen Europas erholt. Dabei besiedelt die Art nicht nur geschlossene Waldhabitate, sondern findet auch in landwirtschaftlich geprägten Gebieten einen Lebensraum. In einer dicht vom Menschen besiedelten Kulturlandschaft steigt jedoch die Gefahr der Hybridisierung infolge eines Zusammentreffens von Wildkatzen und Hauskatzen. Über Phänotypen und Raumnutzungsverhalten von Hybriden ist derzeit nur wenig bekannt. Die vorliegende Masterarbeit analysiert die Unterschiede in Phänotypen, Streifgebieten und Habitat Selektion von Wildkatzen, Hauskatzen und deren Hybriden. Die Analyse der Phänotypen erfolgte auf Basis einer Kombination von Genetik Daten und Fotos der Katzen, für welche fünf verschiedene Fellmerkmale untersucht wurden. Die hierarchische Clusteranalyse zeigte, dass die Bestimmung von Wildkatzen auf Grundlage von Fellmerkmalen zumeist möglich, die Unterscheidung zwischen Hybriden und Hauskatzen jedoch schwierig ist. Acht Katzen konnten zudem mit GPS-Halsbändern ausgestattet werden und die Berechnung der Streifgebietsgrößen (aLoCoH 95%) ergab 9-16 ha für Hauskatzen (n=2), 132-1086 ha für die Hybriden (n=5) und 549-646 ha für die Wildkatze (n=1, zwei unterschiedliche Jahre). Die Analyse der Habitat Selektion mittels integrated step selection functions ergab eine Präferenz für kürzere Distanzen zum Waldrand und größere Distanzen zu Gebäuden für die Hybriden und Wildkatze. Die Hauskatzen bevorzugten kürzere Distanzen zu Gebäuden. Darüber hinaus zeigte sich kein klares Muster bezüglich anderer Habitat Variablen und die Katzen nutzten sowohl Wald als auch Offenland am Tag und in der Nacht. Die Ergebnisse weisen darauf hin, dass die Streifgebiete und Habitatnutzung der Hybride eher mit denen der Wildkatzen vergleichbar sind. Es kann allerdings nichts ausgeschlossen werden, dass Hybride mit einer den Hauskatzen ähnlichen Lebensweise ebenfalls existieren.During the last decades, the population of the European wildcat is recovering throughout Europe. Meanwhile, the species does not only recolonize forest habitats but can also live and reproduce in agriculturally dominated landscapes. But in open areas with a high number of human settlements, the probability of encounters between the European wildcat and domestic cats resulting in hybridization rises. Little is known about phenotypes and spatial organization of those hybrids. Therefore, this master thesis analyzes differences in phenotypes, home ranges and habitat selection of the European wildcat, domestic cats, and their hybrids. Phenotypes were investigated based on a combination of genetic data andphotos of cats for which five different pelage characters were examined. The hierarchical cluster analysis showed that while it is mostly possible to identify wildcats by pelage characters, discriminating between domestic cats and hybrids is challenging. In addition, eight cats could be successfully equipped with a GPS collar, resulting in home range size estimations (aLoCoH 95%) of 9-16 ha for the domestic cats (n=2), 132-1086 ha for the hybrids (n=5) and 549-646 ha for the wildcat (n=1, two different years). The analysis of habitat selection using integrated step selection functions revealed a preference for shorter distances to the forest edge and greater distances to buildings for the hybrids and the wildcat. The domestic cats preferred smaller distances to buildings. Apart from that, no clear pattern was detected for other habitat covariates and cats used both forest areas and open landscapes at day and night. The results indicate that hybrids show home ranges and habitat use rather comparable to wildcats than to domestic cats. Nevertheless, it cannot be excluded that hybrids expressing a resource use similar to domestic cats do exist.submitted by Karolin ProttMasterarbeit Universität für Bodenkultur Wien 2024Mit deutscher Zusammenfassun
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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