1,720,997 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Abnormal sensitivity to cannabinoid receptor stimulation might contribute to altered gamma-aminobutyric acid transmission in the striaturn of R6/2 Huntington's disease mice
No full textBackground: One of the earliest neurochemical alterations observed in both Huntington; disease (HD) patients and HD animal models is the dysregulation of the endocannabinoid system, an alteration that precedes the development of identifiable striatal neuropathology. How this alteration impacts striatal synaptic transmission is unknown. Methods. We measured the effects of cannabinoid receptor stimulation on gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic synaptic currents recorded from striatal neurons of R6/2 HD mice in the early phase of their disease. Results. The sensitivity of striatal GABA synapses to cannabinoid receptor stimulation is severely impaired in R6/2 HD mice. In particular, whereas in control animals activation of cannabinoid CB1 receptors results in a significant inhibition of both evoked and spontaneous GABA-mediated synaptic events by a presynaptic mechanism, in R6/2 mice this treatment fails to reduce GABA currents but causes, in contrast, a slight increase of spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSCs). Conclusions: Experimental HD was also associated with enhanced frequency of sIPSCs, a result consistent with the conclusion that loss of cannabinoid-mediated control of GABA transmission might contribute to hyperactivity of GABA synapses in the striatum of HD mice. Accordingly, spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents, which were not upregulated in R6/2 mice, were still sensitive to cannabinoid receptor stimulation
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
TRPV1 channels facilitate glutamate transmission in the striatum
No full textTransient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channels participate in the modulation of synaptic transmission in the periphery and in central structures. Here, we investigated the role of TRPV1 channels in the control of both excitatory and inhibitory transmission in the striatum. Pharmacological Stimulation of TRPV1 channels with capsaicin (10 nM) selectively enhanced the frequency of glutamate-mediated spontaneous (sEPSCs) and miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) recorded from Putative striatal medium spiny neurons. Capsaicin-mediated response underwent a rapid rundown, and was no longer detected in the majority of the neurons when the concentration of the drug Was in the micromolar range, possibly due to receptor desensitization. Consistently, the totality of striatal neurons responded to capsaicin (10 nM or 10 mu M) after prevention of desensitization of TRPV1 channels with the protein kinase C (PKC) activator phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). PMA was able per se to increase sEPSC frequency. The effects of capsaicin and of PMA were absent after pharmacological or genetic inactivation of TRPV1 channels. Finally, we provided evidence for anandamide as an endovanilloid substance in the striatum, since genetic inhibition of anandamide degradation resulted in a tonic activation of TRPV1 channels modulating glutamate but not GABA release. TRPV1-mediated regulation of excitatory transmission in the striatum might be important for the final Output to other basal ganglia Structures, and might play a role in several physiological and pathological processes. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Improvement of hand dexterity following motor cortex rTMS in multiple sclerosis patients with cerebellar impairment
No full textWe tested the effects of 5-Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the motor cortex in multiple sclerosis (MS) subjects with cerebellar symptoms. rTMS improved hand dexterity in
cerebellar patients (n = 8) but not in healthy subjects (n = 7), as detected by a significant transient
reduction of the time required to complete the nine-hole pegboard task. rTMS of the motor cortex
may be a useful approach to treat cerebellar impairment in MS patient
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